NBDHE exam | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (Graded A+), Exams of Dentistry

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NBDHE exam | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/

(Graded A+)

a cyst is - ✔✔an abnormal pathologic sac a cavity lined by epithelial tissue enclosed by connective tissue diagnosed on the basis of histologic appearance and location in which layer of the epidermis are cells undergoing mitosis most likely to be seen? - ✔✔stratum basal hypersensitivity of the dentinal surface to external stimuli is caused by... - ✔✔fluid movement within the tubules that transmit signals to the nerves in the pulp chamber which tissues have nerve innervations? - ✔✔pulp periodontal ligament because of the proximity of odontoblastic cell bodies to the nerve terminal endings in the tooth, clinical exposure of dentin may result in sensitivity. what is the location of odontoblastic bodies? - ✔✔pulp tooth structure loss that occurs from pathologic wear of teeth by foreign substance is called - ✔✔abrasion the cres of the alveolar bone is usually apical to the cemento-enamel junction by.. - ✔✔0.75 to 1.49 mm how do cysts show up radiographically - ✔✔with a well defined border how do soft tissues cysts show up radiographically - ✔✔they do not show up on radiographs the tissue lining of an unhealthy gingival sulcus consists of - ✔✔nonkeratinized epithelium with rete pegs

the bottom of the gingival sulcus is marked by the.. - ✔✔junctional epithelium which tissues have little or no keratinization? - ✔✔sulcular epithelium what does bleeding caused by probing indicate? - ✔✔ulceration of crevicular epithelium which tissue changes result in erythematous gingiva - ✔✔increased vascularization of the underlying vascular connective tissue what type of connective tissue underlies the epithelium of the gingival? - ✔✔fibrous which gives it its firm consistency in gingivitis, poor tissue tone is caused by - ✔✔destruction of collagen fibers definitive diagnosis of furcation involvement is made by - ✔✔clinical probing because it cant always be seen in radiographs enamel projections of the root surface are attributed to the differentiation of - ✔✔hertwig's epithelial root sheath hertwig's epithelial root sheath is derived from the - ✔✔reduced enamel epithelium hertwing's epithelial root sheath is entirely composed of - ✔✔inner and outer enamel epithelium when is root formation completed? - ✔✔ 1 - 4 years after eruption remnants of hertwig's epithelial root sheath found in the periodontal ligament of a functioning tooth are called - ✔✔rests of malassez

the stippled texture of gingiva may be attributed to - ✔✔connective tissue projections the color of gingiva may be attributed to - ✔✔keratinization thickness of the epithelium blood supply pigmentation a specialized periosteum which forms and resorbs bone and cementum is called - ✔✔periodontal ligament what is the outer less calcified layer of cementum that results in cementum resorbing less readily than bone? - ✔✔cementoid cementum is a product of - ✔✔periodontal ligament which cells does the periodontal ligament contain? - ✔✔osteoblasts osteoclasts cementoblasts cementoclasts a cleft-like absence of the alveolar cortical plate resulting in a denuded root surface is called - ✔✔dehiscence characteristics of bundle bone (alveolar bone proper) - ✔✔adjacent to the periodontal ligament and containing sharpey's fibers which tissues of the normal periodontium is the alveolar bone directly adjacent to? - ✔✔periodontal ligament and gingival connective tissue

the cells that are important in the formation of the principal fibers of the periodontal ligament are - ✔✔fibroblasts the types of epithelia found lining the oral cavity include - ✔✔keratinized and nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissues are characterized by - ✔✔little intercellular substance and many cells embryonically, the mandible is derived from the - ✔✔first branchial arch the anterior portion, or body, of the tongue develops from the - ✔✔mandibular process a cleft lip occurs when the maxillary process fails to fuse with the - ✔✔globular process one of the first structures of the face to develop in the primitive embryo is the - ✔✔stomodeum the lateral palatine processes initially grow downward toward the future floor of the mouth. this is caused by the presence of the - ✔✔tongue when a cleft of the alveolar process is present, it occurs between the - ✔✔lateral incisor and canine the cementum is derived from the - ✔✔dental sac during embryonic development, neural crest cells migrate to the branchial arches and surround the - ✔✔mesoderm enamel is derived from the - ✔✔ectoderm dental papilla is part of the.. - ✔✔tooth germ that forms dentin and pulp

the periodontal ligament is derived from the - ✔✔dental sac dentin is the product of the - ✔✔dental papilla in what phase is a cell highly active and growing - ✔✔interphase statement that best describes mucous membranes - ✔✔found in body cavities that open to the body's exterior type of connective tissues - ✔✔blood adipose tissue reticular tissue cartilage where is smooth muscle tissue found in the body - ✔✔in the walls of hollow organs which connective tissue secretes antibodies - ✔✔plasma cells where would articular cartilage and bursae most likely be found - ✔✔the knee moving the femur forward when walking is an example of - ✔✔flexion the portion of the nervous system that regulates the GI tract - ✔✔enteric nervous system the depolarizing phase of a nerve impulse is caused by a - ✔✔rush of sodium ions into the neuron the speed of nerve impulse conduction is increased by - ✔✔myelination

what part of the brain contains the centers that control the heart rate and breathing rhythm - ✔✔medulla what part of the brain serves as a link between the nervous and endocrine systems - ✔✔hypothalamus what part of the brain is concerned with memory, reasoning, judgment, and intelligence - ✔✔association areas the facial nerve controls - ✔✔the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two thirds of the tongue and oral cavity the cranial nerves involved in controlling the movement of the eyeball - ✔✔oculomotor trochlear abducens which part of the nervous system contains centers that regulate the autonomic nervous system - ✔✔hypothalamus which nerve carries most of the parasympathetic output from the brain - ✔✔vagus exteroceptors - ✔✔monitor external environment proprioceptors - ✔✔monitor body position nociceptors - ✔✔detect pain mechanoreceptors - ✔✔detect pressure

functions of tears - ✔✔moisten the eye wash away eye irritants destroy certain bacteria lubricate the eye transmission of vibration from the tympanic membrane to the oval window is accomplished by - ✔✔the auditory ossicles which structure refracts light rays entering the eye - ✔✔cornea a female who is sluggish, gaining weight, and has a low body temperature may be having problems with her - ✔✔thyroid gland a patient exhibiting liver failure would tend to have a - ✔✔higher than normal blood levels of circulating hormones symptoms of hypoparathyroidism - ✔✔twitches, spasms of skeletal muscles what is the purpose of hematocrit - ✔✔determines the percentage of red blood cells in whole blood primary function of erythrocytes is to - ✔✔deliver oxygen to the cells of the body in a person with blood type A, the isoantibody that would normally be present in the plasma is - ✔✔anti-b antibody vitamin K is required for what? and deficiency causes what? - ✔✔prothrombin and three other clotting factors causes uncontrolled bleeding a thrombus that is being transported by the bloodstream is called - ✔✔an embolus

the blood vessels that allow the exchange of nutrients, wastes, oxygen, and carbon dioxide between the blood and tissues are the - ✔✔capillaries pulmonary circulation as the blood flows from the right ventricle - ✔✔pulmonary trunk-pulmonary arteries-pulmonary capillaries-pulmonary veins the characteristic of arteries that allows them to stretch is - ✔✔elasticity function of lymph nodes - ✔✔to filter lymph the cells that attack and destroy foreign agents such as fungi, parasites, cancer cells, and foreign tissues are - ✔✔t cells the ability of the body's immune system to recognize its own tissue is known as - ✔✔immunologic tolerance most chemical digestion occurs in the - ✔✔colon the smell of your favorite food makes "your mouth water"; this reaction is caused by - ✔✔parasympathetic stimulation of the salivary glands a function of bile - ✔✔emulsifies triglycerides purpose of villi in the small intesine - ✔✔increase the surface area for the absorption of digested nutrients functional component of the kidney - ✔✔nephron systemic complications associated with renal failure - ✔✔cardiovascular

neuromuscular hematologic functions of the kidney - ✔✔eliminate waste from blood release hormones regulate potassium and sodium levels muscles of mastication are attached to what landmark on the sphenoid bone - ✔✔pterygoid process an important nerve for dentistry that runs exclusively through the sphenoid bone - ✔✔trigeminal nerve cells that play a role in the resorption of bone - ✔✔osteoclasts best describes the alveolar process of the maxilla - ✔✔the process is easily remodeled because of its lack of density the perforated cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone allows for the passage of nerves affecting what sense and what nerve - ✔✔smell/olfactory nerve features located on the lateral or external surface of the mandible - ✔✔mental foramen the palate is formed by the palatine bones and.. - ✔✔maxillary bones paranasal sinuses - ✔✔drain through the nasal conchae tilting and rotating the head requires the action of the - ✔✔sternocleidomastoid muscle which muscles, when contracted, make the client's vestibule tight and shallow, thereby making it difficult to instrument on the facial aspect of the anterior mandibular teeth - ✔✔mentalis

muscle of mastication - ✔✔temporalis what muscle inserts into the lateral surface of the angle of the mandible - ✔✔masseter what muscle causes the jaw to retract - ✔✔lateral pterygoid where does the masseter muscle originate - ✔✔the zygomatic arch what paired suprahyoid muscles unite medially to form the floor of the mouth - ✔✔mylohyoid muscle the extrinsic muscles of the tongue are named for their - ✔✔origin the muscles responsible for the movement of the tongue are innervated by the - ✔✔hypoglossal nerve the lateral pterygoid muscle is largely contained in the - ✔✔infratemporal fossa the masseter muscle is innervated by the - ✔✔mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve what type of tissue is blood - ✔✔connective tissue concentrated study of which artery and its branches is important in the fields of dentistry and dental hygiene - ✔✔external carotid from which artery does the blood supply to mandibular teeth originate - ✔✔lingual what structure can be pierced during the administration of local anesthesia to maxillary molars - ✔✔pterygoid plexus of veins

serious complications from facial or dental infections can occur because of the - ✔✔absence of valves in the veins of the head example of an exocrine gland - ✔✔parotid gland the majority of the hard palate is directly vascularized by the - ✔✔greater palatine artery the infratemporal fossa houses.. - ✔✔lateral pterygoid muscles maxillary artery maxillary vein which oral landmark marks the opening to the submandibular gland - ✔✔sublingual caruncle dental and facial infections can spread through the - ✔✔blood system fascial spaces lymphatic system if a nerve is an efferent nerve, it is a - ✔✔motor nerve that travels away from the brain the central nervous system is composed of - ✔✔the spinal cord nerve that is completely efferent - ✔✔hypoglossal nerve that exits the mandibular canal - ✔✔inferior alveolar the chorda tympani is a branch of - ✔✔the seventh cranial nerve damage to this nerve can result in bell's palsy - ✔✔facial nerve

three divisions of the trigeminal nerve enter the head through which foramina - ✔✔superior orbital fissure, foramen rotundum, and foramen ovale where is the submandibular salivary gland located - ✔✔inferior to the mylohyoid muscle the salivary gland that secretes a serous secretion is the - ✔✔parotid gland which landmarks is present on the maxillary bone - ✔✔infraorbital canal best describes the head of the condyle moving too far anteriorly on the articular eminence - ✔✔subluxation spaces above and below the fibrous disk of the tmj are termed - ✔✔synovial cavities after a clinician administers a local anesthetic agent near the infraorbital foramen landmark, what will be anesthetized - ✔✔maxillary canines and incisors into which system does the lymphatic system drain - ✔✔venous what structure or area would a clinician palpate to asses the condition of the retroauricular and anterior auricular lymph nodes - ✔✔the region behind and in front of the ear the paranasal sinuses drain through the - ✔✔nasal meatuses the floor of the maxillary sinuses is made up of the - ✔✔alveolar process of the maxilla branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve - ✔✔buccal nerve lingual nerve

mental nerve a host response to injury that consists of vascular responses, activation of white blood cells, and systemic reactions - ✔✔inflammation consists of a vascular reaction and a cellular reaction - ✔✔inflammatory response inflammatory reactions are mediated by chemical factors derived from.. - ✔✔plasma proteins or cells heat found during the inflammatory response is caused by - ✔✔increased blood flow characterized by rapid onset and short duration - ✔✔acute inflammation manifested by the presence of lymphocytes and macrophages, blood vessels, and fibrosis - ✔✔chronic inflammation white blood cells involved in immune response - ✔✔macrophage lymphocyte eosinophil responsible for phagocytosis but not involved in the immune response - ✔✔neutrophil the white blood cell that emigrates to injured tissue and converts to a macrophage - ✔✔monocyte how many hours does it take for monocytes to replace neutrophils - ✔✔24 to 48 hrs phagocytosis is greatly enhanced by - ✔✔plasma lectins complement proteins opsonins

what phase of phagocytosis does the pH drop - ✔✔killing and degradation chemical mediator that produces prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and lipoxins - ✔✔arachidonic acid complement protein that enhances phagocytosis by acting as opsonin - ✔✔C3b two major cytokines that induce the systemic acute phase responses of infection and injury, including fever, loss of appetite and release of corticosteroids - ✔✔tumor necrosis factor and interleukin- 1 chemical mediator important in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma - ✔✔leukotrienes outcomes of acute inflammation - ✔✔complete resolution healing by connective tissue replacement progression of tissue response to chronic inflammation in an inflammatory reaction, with infection, the white blood cell count can increase to - ✔✔15,000 to 20,000/mm examples of acute phase proteins - ✔✔c-reactive protein and fibrinogen examples of systemic diseases affected by chronic inflammation - ✔✔cardiovascular disease and diabetes cancer and asthma Alzheimer's disease and periodontal disease the formation of new blood vessels in wound healing - ✔✔angiogenesis local factors that influence wound healing - ✔✔size and location of wound

early movement infection systemic factor that influences wound healing - ✔✔blood supply represents a hallmark of healing - ✔✔granulation tissue the amount of granulation tissue that forms depends on - ✔✔size of wound and the intensity of inflammation a wound with a narrow incisional space will heal by - ✔✔primary intention a complication of wound healing commonly seen in serious burn injuries - ✔✔contracture a complication of wound healing commonly seen in lower extremity wounds with peripheral vascular disease - ✔✔ulceration how many weeks does it take tissues to repair approximately 70% of tensile strength - ✔✔12 to 15 weeks allogenous stem cells are derived from - ✔✔other individuals the process of a stem cell from one adult tissue generating to cell types of another tissue - ✔✔transdifferentiation the two main categories of stem cells - ✔✔embryonic and adult the adult stem cells which are isolated from hematopoietic stem cells and stromal cells - ✔✔bone marrow-derived stem cells

the adult stem cells that develop from material created during the development of the nervous system and can differentiate into neural cell lines - ✔✔dental stem cells dental stem cells are obtained from - ✔✔permanent third molars pulp of primary teeth periodontal ligament stem cells that can differentiate into pancreatic islet beta-cells - ✔✔bone marrow-derived and tooth- derived stem cells that may differentiate into fat cells - ✔✔amniotic fluid-derived adipose-derived tooth-derived most commercially available stem cells - ✔✔bone marrow-derived how many genes do humans have? - ✔✔20,000 to 25, approximately what percent of human dna is the uniqueness of humans encoded? - ✔✔0.5% conditions that have a genetic component - ✔✔cardiovascular disease diabetes cleft lip trisomy is an example of - ✔✔genome mutation with autosomal dominant disorders, when some persons inherit the mutant gene but are phenotypically normal - ✔✔incomplete penetrance

duchenne muscular dystrophy exemplifies - ✔✔x-linked recessive inheritance determining which of the two or more diseases with similar signs and symptoms is the one the client is manifesting - ✔✔differential diagnosis when all diseases except one are eliminated from the differential diagnosis - ✔✔definitive diagnosis differential diagnosis stage 1 - ✔✔classification of the abnormality by primary manifestation differential diagnosis stage 2 - ✔✔listing of secondary features and contributing factors differential diagnosis stage 3 - ✔✔listing of conditions capable of causing primary manifestations differential diagnosis stage 4 - ✔✔elimination of unlikely causes generalized opalescence of the buccal mucosa - ✔✔leukoedema leukoedema is caused by - ✔✔intercellular edema of prickle cells type of tissue normally present around the canine area - ✔✔keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium type of tissue with cells that are capable of remodeling cementum in the cervical portion of the root - ✔✔periodontal ligament a mucocele is usually foudn on the - ✔✔lower lip a bony, hard developmental, benign asymptomatic area found on the midline of the hard palate that appears radiopaque on a radiograph - ✔✔torus palatinus

bilateral radiolucent areas apical to the mandibular molars - ✔✔submandibular fossae mixed tumors are most often found in the - ✔✔palate cyst that creates difficulty swallowing - ✔✔thyroglossal disease that may have oral characteristics similar to those found in NUG - ✔✔leukemia a ranula is usually found on the - ✔✔floor of the mouth a definitive dental diagnosis of soft tissue oral cancer is made by - ✔✔scalpel biopsy primordial cysts are most often found radiographically - ✔✔posterior to erupted third molars or in place of a tooth that was never present the usual location of cementoma - ✔✔mandibular anteriors a rickettsial infection - ✔✔rocky mountain spotted fever a slightly raised, noncoated, red, rectangular area in the midline of the tongue. it is associated with candida albicans - ✔✔median rhomboid glossitis provides the most conclusive diagnostic evidence in distinguishing pemphigus from pemphigoid - ✔✔biopsy and histology report an isolated radiopaque area in the periodontal ligament space - ✔✔cementicle two diseases represent different forms of infection resulting form the same virus - ✔✔shingles and chickenpox

most accurately describes the effect of pregnancy on the health of the mother's oral tissues - ✔✔hormonal changes during pregnancy result in increased bacteria and increased gingival response to plaque biofilm gingival enlargement caused by a calcium channel blocker drug - ✔✔nifedipine (procardia) produces no radiographic image - ✔✔fibroma the diagnostic method that is most reliable and ensures the highest degree of accuracy when evaluating squamous cell carcinoma - ✔✔microscopic pathogenesis - ✔✔how the lesion begins behavior of the lesion development of the lesion contains fibrous cells and granulation tissue and is often referred to as the healing stage of a pyogenic granuloma - ✔✔fibrogranuloma cyst that has the potential for developing into an ameloblastoma - ✔✔primordial cyst tests used for pemphigus - ✔✔pels-macht tzanck nikolsky sign a palatal condition of an elderly patient that is primarily caused by chronic irritation from the suction chamber of a denture - ✔✔papillary hyperplasia found on buccal mucosa. pink, well defined, soft to palpation. slow growing and consists of collagenous fivers, fibroblasts, and fibrocytes, but with no fat cells or bone. pedunculated base. - ✔✔fibroma

a cyst commonly found unilaterally in the floor of the mouth changes size between meals and has a bluish hue may be caused by - ✔✔blockage or trauma to a major salivary duct the onset of this chronic, recurring autoimmune disease is at 30 years, with no gender predilection. a triad of symptomatic locations (oral, eye, and genital) is involved, and two of the three areas must be present to make the diagnosis - ✔✔behcet syndrome growth or enlargement of tissue composed mainly of inflammatory cells - ✔✔granuloma most important to the pathologist when a chondroma is suspected - ✔✔submission of a "large enough" sample of tissue for histologic study because a chondroma resembles a malignant chondrosarcoma well defined, yellowish, blister like eruption. it is a rare neoplasm. shows predominance of fat cells - ✔✔lipoma a cyst where the tooth involved is dicovered to be nonvital on pulp testing - ✔✔radicular cyst characteristic of pemphigus vulgaris - ✔✔nikolsky sign inflammed, palpable benign tumor in the anterior of the palate, lingual to the maxillary incisors. arises from deeper tissue and appears to originate from the periodontal ligament. radiographs show infiltrating bone but no metastasis - ✔✔peripheral giant cell granuloma severe hypersensitivity reaction, with the lips and tongue especially affected. bulls eye or target eye skin lesions present and the onset of all lesions are abrupt or explosive - ✔✔erythema multiforme the cyst is the result of extracting a tooth without the cystic sac - ✔✔residual cyst diagnostic process to establish the diagnosis of nicotine stomatitis - ✔✔clinical and historical

benign white, cauliflower like lesion usually on the palate is similar to a wart. long fingerlike projections of epithelium. etiology is human papilloma virus - ✔✔papilloma location of a lateral periodontal cyst - ✔✔between the roots of mandibular canines and premolars a severe reduction in the platelet count below 50,000/mm3 - ✔✔thrombocytopenia characteristics of NUG - ✔✔punched out papillae and craters odor pain and bleeding makes behcets syndrome different from recurrent ulcerative stomatitis - ✔✔a triad of locations of lesions (oral, eye, and genital) causative agent of herpangia - ✔✔coxsackievirus characteristics of pernicious anemia - ✔✔achlorhydria inability to absorb vitamin b12 burning, painful tongue bone marrow anoxia occurs in - ✔✔secondary polycythemia referred to as "cooley anemia" - ✔✔thalassemia cysts where nonvital teeth are involved - ✔✔radicular cysts cyst could develop into an ameloblastoma - ✔✔primordial cyst radicular cyst is most often caused by - ✔✔dental caries

epulis fissuratum is caused by - ✔✔a denture flange sickle cell anemia is of hereditary origin and occurs primarily in - ✔✔african americans characteristics of a person with achlorhydria - ✔✔lack of hydrochloric acid characteristics of a person with leukopenia - ✔✔decrease in the number of white blood cells cellular structure directly involved in protein synthesis - ✔✔ribosome a cyst is - ✔✔an abnormal pathologic sac a cavity lined by epithelial tissue enclosed by connective tissue diagnosed on the basis of histologic appearance and location in which layer of the epidermis are cells undergoing mitosis most likely to be seen? - ✔✔stratum basal hypersensitivity of the dentinal surface to external stimuli is caused by... - ✔✔fluid movement within the tubules that transmit signals to the nerves in the pulp chamber which tissues have nerve innervations? - ✔✔pulp periodontal ligament because of the proximity of odontoblastic cell bodies to the nerve terminal endings in the tooth, clinical exposure of dentin may result in sensitivity. what is the location of odontoblastic bodies? - ✔✔pulp tooth structure loss that occurs from pathologic wear of teeth by foreign substance is called - ✔✔abrasion

the cres of the alveolar bone is usually apical to the cemento-enamel junction by.. - ✔✔0.75 to 1.49 mm how do cysts show up radiographically - ✔✔with a well defined border how do soft tissues cysts show up radiographically - ✔✔they do not show up on radiographs the tissue lining of an unhealthy gingival sulcus consists of - ✔✔nonkeratinized epithelium with rete pegs the bottom of the gingival sulcus is marked by the.. - ✔✔junctional epithelium which tissues have little or no keratinization? - ✔✔sulcular epithelium what does bleeding caused by probing indicate? - ✔✔ulceration of crevicular epithelium which tissue changes result in erythematous gingiva - ✔✔increased vascularization of the underlying vascular connective tissue what type of connective tissue underlies the epithelium of the gingival? - ✔✔fibrous which gives it its firm consistency in gingivitis, poor tissue tone is caused by - ✔✔destruction of collagen fibers definitive diagnosis of furcation involvement is made by - ✔✔clinical probing because it cant always be seen in radiographs enamel projections of the root surface are attributed to the differentiation of - ✔✔hertwig's epithelial root sheath

hertwig's epithelial root sheath is derived from the - ✔✔reduced enamel epithelium hertwing's epithelial root sheath is entirely composed of - ✔✔inner and outer enamel epithelium when is root formation completed? - ✔✔ 1 - 4 years after eruption remnants of hertwig's epithelial root sheath found in the periodontal ligament of a functioning tooth are called - ✔✔rests of malassez the stippled texture of gingiva may be attributed to - ✔✔connective tissue projections the color of gingiva may be attributed to - ✔✔keratinization thickness of the epithelium blood supply pigmentation a specialized periosteum which forms and resorbs bone and cementum is called - ✔✔periodontal ligament what is the outer less calcified layer of cementum that results in cementum resorbing less readily than bone? - ✔✔cementoid cementum is a product of - ✔✔periodontal ligament which cells does the periodontal ligament contain? - ✔✔osteoblasts osteoclasts cementoblasts cementoclasts

a cleft-like absence of the alveolar cortical plate resulting in a denuded root surface is called - ✔✔dehiscence characteristics of bundle bone (alveolar bone proper) - ✔✔adjacent to the periodontal ligament and containing sharpey's fibers which tissues of the normal periodontium is the alveolar bone directly adjacent to? - ✔✔periodontal ligament and gingival connective tissue the cells that are important in the formation of the principal fibers of the periodontal ligament are - ✔✔fibroblasts the types of epithelia found lining the oral cavity include - ✔✔keratinized and nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissues are characterized by - ✔✔little intercellular substance and many cells embryonically, the mandible is derived from the - ✔✔first branchial arch the anterior portion, or body, of the tongue develops from the - ✔✔mandibular process a cleft lip occurs when the maxillary process fails to fuse with the - ✔✔globular process one of the first structures of the face to develop in the primitive embryo is the - ✔✔stomodeum the lateral palatine processes initially grow downward toward the future floor of the mouth. this is caused by the presence of the - ✔✔tongue when a cleft of the alveolar process is present, it occurs between the - ✔✔lateral incisor and canine