NCLEX Practice Questions and Answers: A Comprehensive Guide for Nursing Students, Exams of Nursing

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NCLEX (100 Questions and Answers).

What condition is commonly associated with PICA? - Correct answer Anemia is common with PICA T/F NSAIDS can worsen asthma symptoms - Correct answer TRUE Fexofenadine - Correct answer antihistamine Hodgkin's lymphoma What are typical signs and symptoms of this disease? - Correct answer chronic malignant disease of the lymph nodes affects the lympathic system S/S include: Sweats Painless Enlarged lymph nodes Fever Fatigue How should a nurse provide care for a patient with schizophrenia and persecutory delusions? - Correct answer Focus on reality and verbally reinforce it Focus on the clients feeling secondary to the delusions (this is an example of empathy, and therapeutic communication) What are interventions to help reduce viscosity of mucus? - Correct answer -Increase fluids -Cool mist humidifier -Guaifensein (expectorant) -Huff coughing - abdominal breathing with a huff, and expiratory cough technique What GI condition is associated with olive shaped mass? - Correct answer Pyloric stenosis

What is botulinum toxin type A What should you closely monitor while using this drug? - Correct answer Botox - a neuromuscular transmission used by inhibiting acetylcholine(excite) release from nerve endings. RELAXATION of skeletal and smooth muscles. Used to treating wrinkles, blepharospasm (eye twitching), and cervical dystonia What are some examples of SSRIs? What are they and what is a common adverse effect of there use? How long does it take for this medication to take effect? - Correct answer Sertraline, Escitalopram (-etine, -opram) Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors Used to treat Depression and Anxiety Side effect: Sexual dysfunction which is usually under reported WEIGHT GAIN (eat a health diet and regular exercise) It will take about 4-6 weeks to take effect Allopurinol (Zyloprim) What does this medication treat? What symptom of the medication can lead to higher complication? What is the complication? - Correct answer Gout, Anti-gout medication Used to decrease/prevent levels of Uric Acid Takes with full glass of water to prevents complications with kidneys and nausea.

ADMINISTER within 3 to 4 hours Contraindicated in patients with recent surgeries (2 weeks) How are thyroid medications best absorbed? What time of the day should they be taken? Are they safe to take during pregnancy? - Correct answer On an empty stomach Best taken in the morning because they increase metabolism and energy Safe during pregnancy Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS) How does it appear on the skin? - Correct answer Severe blistering of the skin, with mucous membrane involvement and fever Can be FATAL Begins with flu like symptoms, painful and purple/red rash. Resembles 3rd degree burns. Cyclosporine What is it used for to prevent? - Correct answer Immunosuppressant Suppresses the immune system to prevent WBC from getting rid of a organ transplant Tetracycline/Doxycycline // Sulfa Drugs What are common complications with these type of drugs - Correct answer Sulfa Drugs: Tetracyclines Antibiotics

Complication: Sun Burn What insulin is the ONLY insulin administered IV Push? - Correct answer Regular Insulin What is the correct administration route for NPH insulin? - Correct answer Subcutaneous Digoxin (Lanoxin) What should be monitored while on this medication? What the symptoms of Digoxin toxicity - Correct answer cardiac glycoside Be sure to monitor patients HR Toxicity: Visual symptoms Gastrointestinal (N/V) Neurologic manifestions Positive Inotropic Effects (increase Cardiac Output) and Negative Chronotropic Effects (Decrease Heart Rate) What can colorless nasal drainage indicate? - Correct answer CSF A complication T/F Any drug order-dose takes priority - Correct answer TRUE What can a new painful skin rash indicate? - Correct answer Steven Johnsons Syndrome Can be FATAL What is the action of Sucralfate?

Toxicity: Horizontal Nystagmus Gait unsteadiness Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS) - Correct answer a serious complication usually associated with type 2 diabetes What does green amniotic fluid indicate? - Correct answer fetus has passed meconium in utero characteristic of DKA - Correct answer Type 1 diabetes Younger age More rapid onset o hyperglycemia Hyperventilation Abdominal pain Glucose 250- Bicarb < Elevated anion gap KETONES serum osm < characteristic of hyperosmolar hyperglycemia - Correct answer Type 2 diabetes Older age Altered mental status Gradual onset of hyperglycemia Hyperventilation glucose > BECAUSE people with type 2 can develop some insulin, the symptoms occur gradually Metronidazole (Flagyl)

What condition is this medication usually used for? - Correct answer antibiotic Used for C.diff What are nonselective beta blockers? What can these medications effect? - Correct answer Propranolol Nadolol Timolol This medication has beta 2 blocking effect that results in bronchial smooth muscle constriction After how many hours can a nurse consider a patient stabilized enough to eat after having a stroke? - Correct answer 48 hours Addison's disease - what does this effect What are the treatments for this disease? - Correct answer occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormones cortisol or aldosterone Treatment includes: Life long hormone replacement Increase salt intake Monitoring ortho BP What is a sentinel event? What is a near miss event? - Correct answer Sentinel Unanticipated, preventable errors that cause significant harm or death Near-miss Medical errors that are identified before reaching the clients and does not cause harm What are 4 interventions that are important to monitor with HELLP? - Correct answer Preparing the client for birth Magnesium sulfate

Who/what role is legally appointment to be the primary decision maker for a patient? What is the role of a __________? - Correct answer Health care proxy the role is to make decisions for a client who is unable to do so. They should have good understanding of the the clients wishes and be emotionally capable of fulfilling the role What task are delegated to an RA? - Correct answer Clinical assessment Initial client education Discharge education Clinical judgment Initiating blood transfusion What task are delegated to an LPN? - Correct answer Monitoring RN findings Reinforcing education Routine procedures Most medication admin Ostomy care Tube patency and enteral feedng Specific assessments What task are delegated to a UAP? - Correct answer Activities of daily living Hygiene Linene changes Routine, stable vital signs Documenting I&O Positioning ROM Apply protective ointment Occupational therapy v. Physical therapy - Correct answer Above the waist

v Below the waist T/F - Food decreases the absorption of iron supplements - Correct answer TRUE gullian-barre syndrome - Correct answer ascending symmetric muscle paralysis and areflexia (no reflexes), watch for respiratory problems. Usually occurs after a respiratory or GI infections that triggers this immune response testicular torsion How is this condition usually treated? - Correct answer twisting of the spermatic cord AND testicular ischemia and necrosis from inadequate blood supply Treatment: Surgery Removal of the testes what medication is used to treat C.diff? - Correct answer Metronidazole (Flagyl) Carboxyhemoglobin - Correct answer Carbon monoxide bound with hemoglobin' Normal is < less than 5% in nonsmokers slightly over 10% in smokers What are the signs of compartment syndrome? - Correct answer the 6 Ps Pain Pallor Pulselessness

Used to treat overreactive bladder Be cautious in hot weather and during physical activity osteomalacia - Correct answer abnormal softening of bones in adults this occurs when the body is unable to use calcium and phosphorus for bone calcification due to vitamin D deficiency What is a common bleeding complication associated with hip fractures. - Correct answer Hemorrhage!! Bone fragments and sever the veins or arteries in the pelvis Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) What should the nurse do for this patient? - Correct answer presence of neurological symptoms brought on by psychological stress, without clear physical cause The nurse should validate the clients feelings and educate the using therapeutic communication what does the loss of hair on legs indicate? - Correct answer Poor Perfusion What is the number one cause of Epiglottis in children? How is it preventable? - Correct answer Haemophilus Influenza B (HiB) Preventable through vaccination at 2 to 4 months visits. Patients with acute pancreatitis are a risk for what complication? As evidence by what symptoms? What type of bowel movement is commonly associated with this condition?

• Correct answer Pancreatic abscess development

Evidenced by increase temperature and increased abdominal pain Fatty, yellow, fouls smelling stools (Steatorrhea) Correct sequence of assessing a patient, from least to most invasive - Correct answer Supine position Inspection Auscultation Percussion Palpation Palpation last because it can induce pain What oxygen saturation is concerning for a patient with status asthmatics - Correct answer Less than 92% What are teratogens? What are the drugs harmful to fetuses? - Correct answer substances that cause birth defects Phenytoin Lithium Valproate Isotretinoin (BLACK BOX) - acne Methotrexate ACE inhibitors // ARBs Warfarin Doxycycline (sulfa) What's methotrexate? - Correct answer Anti-cancer medication Used to slow cancer cells Which precaution is recommended for C.diff? - Correct answer Contact precautions Single use gown Single client room

What is Metabolic syndrome - Correct answer presence of more than 3 metabolic health factors that increase risk for stroke, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease INCLUDING: HIGH BP LOW HDL Abdominal obesity HIGH Trigylerides HIGH fasting glucose Signs of a heart attack in patients with type 2 diabetes - Correct answer They are traditional signs such as: Nausea Vomiting Belching Indigestion Diaphoresis Dizziness Fatigue How long before a surgery is the nurse to discontinue antiplatlet medication

• Correct answer 5 to 7 days before the surgery Biphosphonates - Correct answer alendronate inhibit osteoclast to allow bone mineralization to occur more quickly what should be included in a diabetics diet? - Correct answer High fiber Low sodium Low glycemic index Does T3/T4 or TSH determine hypo/hyper thyroidism? - Correct answer Look at the levels of T3/T What is the best indicator of improve nutrition and response to treatment of malnuttirion? - Correct answer Weight gain

What is the antidote to BENZOS - Correct answer Flumazenil What is the normal amount of drainage from a chest tube after an hour of placement? - Correct answer Less than 100ml/hr Kawasaki disease - Correct answer Inflammation that occurs in the arterial walls. Mostly common in CHILDHOOD Includes: Joint pain Fever STRAWBERRY tounge Rash Cardiac involvement Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) - Correct answer Inflammatory condition that occurs after STREP group A infection (untreated) LIFE LONG TREATMENT Includes: Joint pain Fever STRAWBERRY tounge Rash Cardiac involvement Lyme disease - Correct answer Bacterial infection that occurs after A BITE Includes: BULLS EYE Flu like symptoms fever joint pain What is used to increase neurologic function after cardiac arrest? - Correct answer Therapeutic hypothermia

What CVC location is at most risk of infection and why? - Correct answer Dorsum of the hand Femoral line because it can easily be contaminated with urine or feces What medications should be avoided with patients with asthma? Why? - Correct answer Ibuprofen and Aspirin These can cause bronchspams Benzotropine What is this medication used to treat? - Correct answer Anticholinergic Its used to treat parkinsons disease AND Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)