NDAEB Exam Prep Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024, Exams of Advanced Education

Download NDAEB Exam Prep Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024 and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! NDAEB Exam Prep Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024 What two basic methods are used to acquire a digital x-ray image? - Correct Answer-Direct imaging(sensor) & indirect imaging(PSP) Advantages of Digital Radiography - Correct Answer- Immediate viewing of images, less radiation, no chemicals, ability to enhance images, communication with other dentists, no more lost films, remote consultation capability Disadvantages of Digital Radiography - Correct Answer-Cost, converting previous records to digital, learning the computer software, thickness and rigidity of sensors, infection control What is intraoral film composed of? - Correct Answer-Film Base - Clear Cellulose Acetate Thin Adhesive Layer Silver Halide Crystals - absorb radiation A protective layer to protect the emulsion surface. pg. 1 professoraxe l What is a latent image? - Correct Answer-The image on the film that is not yet visible because it has not been processed. What does 'film speed' refer to? - Correct Answer-The amount of radiation that is required to produce a radiograph of standard density. True or false: The larger the silver halide crystals, the faster the film speed? - Correct Answer-True What is the fastest film speed currently available? - Correct Answer-F-Speed. (It reduces patient exposure to radiation by 20-60% compared to E or D speed film) What are the 3 types of x-ray film used in dental radiography? - Correct Answer-Intraoral film, extraoral film, and duplicating film. When does a "Herringbone" pattern occur on dental film? - Correct Answer-When it is placed in the mouth backwards. pg. 2 professoraxe l What two errors can occur if the vertical angulation is incorrect? - Correct Answer-Foreshortened or elongated images. What qualities must an endodontic x-ray have? - Correct Answer-Tooth centered on the image At least 5mm of bone visible beyond apex of the tooth The image is as anatomically accurate as possible Two methods of mounting radiographs are: - Correct Answer- 1. Labial mounting method: radiographs placed in the mount with the raised dots facing up (as if the viewer is looking directly at the pt) 2. radiographs placed in the mount with the raised dots facing down (as if the viewer is inside the patients mouth looking out) Two types of panoramic machines are in use today: - Correct Answer-Film-based imaging & direct digital imaging. The main difference is the image receptor, digital units use a sensory array rather than film. pg. 5 professoraxe l What is Cone Beam Computed Tomography? - Correct Answer-Use of a cone-shaped x-ray beam to acquire three- dimensional information. What is a film grid? (used for extraoral imaging) - Correct Answer-It is used to reduce the amount of scatter radiation that reaches an extraoral film during exposure. What is a Lateral Cephalometric Projection used for? - Correct Answer-Used to evaluate facial growth and development, trauma, disease, and developmental abnormalities. It shows the bones of the face and skull as well as the soft tissue profile. What is a Posteroanterior Projection used for? - Correct Answer-Used to evaluate facial growth and development, trauma, disease, and development abnormalities. It shows the frontal and ethmoid sinuses, the orbits, and the nasal cavities. What happens if a patient does not remove jewellery or metallic/radiodense objects from their head/neck? - Correct Answer-Ghost images pg. 6 professoraxe l If a lead apron is incorrectly placed on a pt during a panoramic radiograph, what occurs? - Correct Answer-"Lead Apron Artifact" a radiopaque cone-shaped artifact results. What happens if a patient's chin is positioned too high during a pan? - Correct Answer-It will create a "reverse smile line" What happens if a patient's chin is positioned too low during a pan? - Correct Answer-It will create an "exaggerated smile line" What are three types of stress and strain? - Correct Answer- Tensile stress: pulls and stretches a material Ex. tug-of-war Compressive stress: pushes a material together. ex. chewing Shear stress: the breakdown of material as the result of something sliding over two areas. ex. cutting with scissors. What is amalgam alloy powder composed of? - Correct Answer-Silver - gives it its strength. Tin - gives it workability and strength. Copper - gives it strength and resistance to corrosion. Zinc - to suppress oxidation. pg. 7 professoraxe l 3. Hard, type III : 77% noble metals and are acceptable for inlays, full crowns, three-quarter crowns, and anterior or posterior bridge abutments 4. Extra hard, type IV : 75% noble metals and are also referred to as partial denture alloys; they are designed for crowns, bridges, and cast-removable partial dentures. What type of restoration is made in a dental laboratory? - Correct Answer-Indirect Restoration What are 4 types of pulpal stimuli? - Correct Answer-Physical: thermal changes from hot & cold as well as electrical energy created by other metals that come in contact with the tooth. Mechanical: vibrations from the handpiece, or or 'traumatic occlusion' (when a persons' bite does not occlude properly) Chemical: occurs as a result of acidic material such as saliva reaching tissues. Biologic: bacteria from saliva coming into contact with pulpal tissues or when not all carious structure was removed. Where is a dental liner placed? - Correct Answer-At the deepest portion of a preparation. pg. 10 professoraxe l What does a dental liner do? - Correct Answer-Protect pulpal tissue from irritation caused by physical, mechanical, chemical, and biologic elements. Calcium Hydroxide is frequently selected as a liner because of its unique characteristics: - Correct Answer-1. Protects pulp from chemical irritation through its sealing abilities. 2. Stimulates production of reparative or secondary dentin. 3. Compatible with ALL types of resto material. What two ways are liners supplied as? - Correct Answer-A two-paste system or a light-cured material. Where is dental varnish placed? - Correct Answer-Within the entire preparation. What does a dental varnish do? - Correct Answer-1. Seals dentinal tubules. 2. Reduces microleakage around a restoration. 3. Acts as a barrier to protect the tooth from highly acidic cements such as zinc phosphor. pg. 11 professoraxe l Is varnish placed before or after the dental liner? - Correct Answer-Always after the liner. True or false: Dental varnish interferes with the bonding and setting reaction of composite and glass ionomer restorations? - Correct Answer-True. Varnish is contraindicated with composite and glass ionomer restorative material. What is the other named used for a desensitizer? - Correct Answer-Primer. What does a desensitizer do? - Correct Answer-It seals the dentinal tubules thus preventing oral fluids from seeping between the tooth and the restoration. What 3 ways does base provide pulpal protection? - Correct Answer-Protective base: placed when necessary to protect pulp before the restoration is placed, postop sensitivity and damage to pulp may occur without it. Insulating base: placed in deep cavities to protect tooth from thermal shock. pg. 12 professoraxe l Variables that may affect final cementation: - Correct Answer- Mixing time, humidity (addition of water to powder or loss of water from liquid), powder-to-liquid ratio, & temperature. Can a glass ionomer cement be used as a restorative material? - Correct Answer-Yes. This would be "Type II" and is meant for restoring areas of erosion in Class V. What advantages are there to using a glass ionomer material? - Correct Answer-- Fluoride release. - Less trauma or shock to pulp. - Very thin film thickness. - Low solubility in the mouth. ZOE Cements: - Correct Answer-Type I: (Tempbond) used for temporary cements as it lacks strength and long-term durability. Type II: includes added reinforcing agents, thus it is used for permanent cementation of cast restorations or appliances. What type of mixing surface is ZOE mixed? - Correct Answer- An oil-resistant paper pad that will not absorb any of the liquid, or when a slower set is required use a glass slab. pg. 15 professoraxe l How is TempBond supplied? - Correct Answer-Two-paste system. Zinc Phosphate cements: - Correct Answer-Type I (fine-grain): used for permanent cementation of cast restorations. Creates a very thing film layer. Type II (medium-grain): recommended for use as an insulating based for deep cavity preparations. What should zinc phosphate be mixed on? - Correct Answer-A cool, dry, thick glass slab because of the exothermic reaction that occurs when zinc phosphate is mixed. What is the main component in the liquid form of zinc phosphate? - Correct Answer-phosphoric acid, which is the component that is irritating to the pulp. What are the 3 classifications of impressions taken in dental procedures? - Correct Answer-Preliminary, final, and occlusal (otherwise known as a bite registration). pg. 16 professoraxe l Is an impression a negative or positive reproduction? - Correct Answer-Negative. & the model poured is a positive reproduction. When selecting a stock tray for impressions, what must you look for? - Correct Answer-- Patient comfort. - Extends slightly beyond the facial surface of the teeth. - Extends 2-3mm beyond the third molar, retromolar, or tuberosity area of the arch. - Sufficiently deep to allow 2-3mm of material between the tray and incisal or occlusal edges of teeth. What type of wax is used when a tray needs to be extended or more depth created? - Correct Answer-Utility wax. Which type of impression tray covers half of an arch? - Correct Answer-Section trays. What are the main components of alginate? - Correct Answer- Potassium alginate - derived from seaweed, used as a thickening agent. Calcium sulfate - reacts with ^ to form the gel. pg. 17 professoraxe l What are the four types of elastomeric impression materials most often used in dental practice? - Correct Answer- Polysulfide, polyether, silicone, and polysiloxane(polyvinylsiloxane). Properties of final impression materials: - Correct Answer- Polysulfide - 'rubber base' - strong odor & taste. Stiffness and stability of the material is poor. Harder to mix. Easily stains clothing. Polyether - stiffness & stability are very good. a thinner is added to the mix to reduce the thickness of the mix and improve the finished impression. Silicone - odor-free, nonstaining, and easy to mix. Deformation is much less than that of polysulfide but has superior dimensional stability. Polysiloxane - high dimensional stability and low tear resistance. No taste or odor. What is an articulator used for? - Correct Answer-It is used to hold max and mand dental models in position to aid in reproduction of the mandible in relation to the maxilla. pg. 20 professoraxe l What is a face bow used for? - Correct Answer-First step the dentist takes to determine the positional relationship for the maxillary arch to the temporomandibular joints. The centric relation or bite record is a measurement of where the teeth are positioned when the joints are aligned correctly and before the teeth actually come in contact. What piece of equipment is used to grind away plaster or stone off a model? - Correct Answer-Model trimmer. What three forms of gypsum products are typically used in pouring up study models? - Correct Answer-Model plaster - weakest of the 3 forms. white. the crystals in the plaster are irregularly shaped and porous. Dental Stone - usually yellow and used when more durable diagnostic casts are required. the crystals are more uniform in shape and less porous. High-strength stone - 'densite' - ideal for use by the dental lab in creating a die for use in the fabrication of a wax pattern with the production of crowns, bridges, and indirect restos. requires the least amount of water for mixing. pg. 21 professoraxe l What happens when too little water is used when mixing gypsum for models? - Correct Answer-The mix will be dry and provide a shorter working time. What happens when too much water is used when mixing gypsum for models? - Correct Answer-The mix will be thin and runny and will take longer to set. This creates a model that is considerably weaker. The result is a cast that is weak and brittle. What is another term for a dental model? - Correct Answer- Study casts. What are the three different pouring methods that can be used to create the base or art portion of a cast? - Correct Answer-Double-Pour: Anatomic portion is poured first, then a second mix of plaster is used to prepare the art portion. Box-and-Pour: The impression is surrounded with a box made from boxing wax. Invert-Pour: Mixing one large mixture of plaster or stone and pouring up the impression first, and then placing a base material on a tile or counter to invert the impression in a single step. This is the most common way of pouring up an impression. pg. 22 professoraxe l When are retention (retentive) pins used? - Correct Answer- When it is necessary to retain and support a deep or abnormally shaped restoration. In general, a retentive pin is placed where a cusp is missing. What are two adverse affects of tooth whitening? - Correct Answer-Thermal Hypersensitivity- the patient may experience sensitivity to hot or cold after removal of the tray and material. Recommended pt. use sensitivity toothpaste. Tissue Irritation- gingival tissue may be exposd to excess gel because of improper fitting of trays. advise pt. not to overfill trays and remove any excess material when seating the tray. What is the purpose of a matrix system? - Correct Answer-To create a temporary interproximal wall for the restorative material to be placed against. What can result from improper wedge placement? - Correct Answer-Overhang-where a restoration is too bulky where it meets the tooth Cupping-if the restoration is indented. pg. 25 professoraxe l What are inlays/onlays? - Correct Answer-Cast restorations designed to fit snugly within the preparation of a tooth. Inlay- resembles a class II restoration. Onlay-resembles a multisurface restoration and covers the proximal surfaces and most of the entire occlusal surface. What is a veneer? - Correct Answer-A thin shell of tooth- coloured material. Direct Veneer- created directly in pt's mouth with the use of composite resin material. Indirect Veneer- fabricated in dental lab on the basis of an impression taken of the prepared tooth. What is a three-quarter crown? - Correct Answer-It does not cover an entire anatomic portion of a tooth, the tooth is prepared so that the buccal or facial surface is unchanged. What is a PFM crown? - Correct Answer-a full metal crown with outer surfaces covered with a thing layer of porcelain. What is a porcelain jacket crown? - Correct Answer-A very thin metal shell covered by layers of porcelain built up to resemble pg. 26 professoraxe l the shading and translucence of the enamel of a natural tooth. Used on anterior but lacks the strength of PFM. What is a Maryland Bridge (Resin-Bonded Bridge)? - Correct Answer-A pontic with wing-like extensions from the mesial and distal sides. Bonding of these extensions to the lingual surfaces of the adjacent teeth supports the pontic. What is the term used for an exact replica of a tooth prepared by a laboratory technician? - Correct Answer-A die. What is a core buildup? - Correct Answer-When a tooth is vital, a core buildup is used to support the cast crown and provides a larger area of surface retention for cementation of the crown. What is post and core? - Correct Answer-Used when a tooth is nonvital and has been endodontically treated, the post is placed deeply in the canal with a portion extending out to the height of the core buildup. What do impregnated retraction cords contain? - Correct Answer-10% aluminum chloride that helps in controlling pg. 27 professoraxe l Components of a full denture: - Correct Answer-Base- designed to fit over residual alveolar ridge. commonly made from acrylic. Flange- part of the base that extends over the attached mucosa from the cervical margin of the teeth to the border of the denture. Post Dam- suction seal that retains a max denture. Artificial Teeth-fabricated from acrylic or porcelain. What is an immediate denture? - Correct Answer-A prosthesis that is placed directly in the mouth after the extraction of a pt's remaining teeth. What are overdentures? - Correct Answer-A full denture that is supported by the bony ridge and oral mucosa plus two or more remaining natural teeth or implants. (most often the canines) What are the two coping techniques used when an overdenture is placed? - Correct Answer-Long Coping: only a minimal amount of tooth structure is removed and the length of the tooth remains almost the same. pg. 30 professoraxe l Short Coping: used only on endodontically treated teeth, tooth structure is greatly reduced and shortened. When a denture is to be relined, how long is the patient without it for? - Correct Answer-8-24 hours What are the 3 main types of implants? - Correct Answer- Endosteal- most common. surgically placed into the jawbone. 1. the titanium implat is embedded into the jawbone during stage 1. 2. titanium abutment screw is screwed into the implant after osseointegration of the implant. 3. abutment post or cylinder attaches to the artificial tooth or denture. Subperiosteal- a metal frame that is placed under the periosteum and on top of the bone. Not into the bone. Good for pt who do not have sufficient alveolar ridge to support endosteal type implants. Often used to support mandibular complete denture. Transosteal Implant- inserted through the inferior border of the mandible and into the edentulous area. used with pt with severely resorbed ridges and there are no other options. What is osseointegration? - Correct Answer-Process by which the living cells of the jawbone naturally grow around the implanted dental supports. pg. 31 professoraxe l How long is the osseonintegration period? - Correct Answer- About 3-6 months. What material is commonly used to make an implant? - Correct Answer-Titanium because of its compatibility with bone and oral tissues. It may be coated with hydroxyapatite , a ceramic substance that rapidly osseonintegrates the implant to the bone. What are the two main sources of pulpal nerve damage? - Correct Answer-Physical irritation: mild tooth sensitivity to complete nerve death of the tooth or even infection of the surrounding tissues by bacteria. Trauma: such as a blow to a tooth or the jaw. What are the most common symptoms and signs of pulpal nerve damage? - Correct Answer-pain when occluding pain during eating sensitivity to hot or cold beverages noticeable facial swelling fever pg. 32 professoraxe l What is a Reamer File used for? - Correct Answer-Removal of dentin structure and to smooth and increase size of canal. What are Broaches used for? - Correct Answer-Removal of vital, inflamed hemorrhagic pulp tissue from the canal. What are Gates-Glidden Burs used for? - Correct Answer- Enlarge walls of the pulp chamber. What are Pesso Files used for? - Correct Answer-Enlarge walls of pulp chamber. What irrigation solutions are used in endo? - Correct Answer- Sodium Hypochlorite (household bleach): Antimicrobial agent that has a solvent action on necrotic pulp tissue and organic debris. Hydrogen Peroxide Parachlorophenol What is a root canal sealer used for? - Correct Answer-Seals out the unfilled voids during the obturation process. pg. 35 professoraxe l What is an apicoectomy? - Correct Answer-surgical removal of the apical portion of the root. What is apical curettage? - Correct Answer-removal of pathologic soft tissue around the root apex. What is a Retrograde Restoration? - Correct Answer-Also know as root end filling. A small prep is made at the apex and is sealed with filling materials. What is root amputation? - Correct Answer-Removal of one or more roots of a tooth without removing the crown. What is hemisection? - Correct Answer-The root and the crown are cut lengthwise and removed. Most often performed on mandibular molars. What are three nonsurgical periodontal treatments? - Correct Answer-Scaling, Rootplaning, and Gingival Curettage pg. 36 professoraxe l What is a Gingivectomy? - Correct Answer-Surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue. What is a Gingivoplasty? - Correct Answer-Surgical reshaping and contouring of gingival tissues. What is an Osteoplasty? - Correct Answer-Bone is contouring and reshaped and bone may be added through bone grafting. What as an Ostectomy? - Correct Answer-Bone is removed. What is crown lengthening? - Correct Answer-Surgery designed to expose more tooth structure for the placement of a restoration such as a crown. Why would you need to place a periodontal dressing (periopak)? - Correct Answer-- to hold flaps in place. - to protect newly forming tissues. - to minimize postoperative pain, infection, & hemorrhage - to protect the surgical site from trauma. - to support mobile teeth during the healing process. pg. 37 professoraxe l 4. Avulsed tooth washed in saline solution and inserted into alveolus. 5. Tooth splinted into place. 6. Postop radiograph taken. 7. 6-8 weeks endodontic treatment is performed. Are Dental Assistants legally required to report abuse? - Correct Answer-No, but they have a moral responsibility to report suspected cases to the dentist. What is an Endogenous Stain? - Correct Answer-A stain that originates from within the tooth through development and systemic disturbances (ex. fluorosis) What is an Exogenous stain? - Correct Answer-A stain that originates from outside that tooth caused by environment agents. These can be subdivided further into extrinsic(stains that appear on the exterior of the tooth) and interior(stains that have become incorporated into the structure of the tooth and thus cannot be removed) What is Ectopic Eruption? - Correct Answer-An abnormal direction of tooth eruption. pg. 40 professoraxe l What are the 3 types of malocclusion? - Correct Answer-Class I - normal molar relationship but anterior tooth will be out of alignment. Class II - "distoclusion" mand is in an abnormal distal relationship to the maxilla. "buckteeth" Class III - "mesioclusion" mand is in an abnormal mesial relationship to the maxilla "underbite" what is the sequence of appointments for the orthodontic patient? - Correct Answer-1. Placement of separators. 2. Cementation of molar bands. 3. Bonding of brackets. 4. Insertion of arch wire and tying in with ligature ties or elastomeric tires 5. Adjustment checks. 6. Removal of appliance. 7. Retention of teeth. What cement is commonly selected for placement of ortho bands? - Correct Answer-Glass ionomer cement because of its pg. 41 professoraxe l strength to aid in retention with enamel, and it's time- released fluoride. What types of archwire is there? - Correct Answer-NiTi- used during initial stages, very flexible. Stainless Steel-stiffer and stronger, the "working arch wire" Beta Titanium(TMA)-used when many bands have to be replaced Optiflex-new type, used for light force in early stages of ortho treatment What is verbal communication? - Correct Answer- Communicating use words, quality of voice, asking questions. What is nonverbal communication? - Correct Answer-Using body language to convey a message. What is Accounts Recievable? - Correct Answer-Manages all money owed to the practice. What are the four types of tissue in the human body? - Correct Answer-Nerve, Muscle, Connective, Epithelial. pg. 42 professoraxe l well as transport hormones and antibodies throughout the body. What are 3 major types of blood vessels? - Correct Answer- Arteries(carry blood from the heart to all regions of the body), Veins(returned waste-filled blood to the heart), and Capillaries(connect arterial and venous systems) What two systems make up the nervous system? - Correct Answer-Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system? - Correct Answer-Sympathetic and Parasympathetic. What are the 3 types of neurons? - Correct Answer- Sensory(carry impulses towards brain and spinal cord), Motor(carry from the brain and spinal cord to muscles/glands), and Associative(one neuron to another) What are the two divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System? - Correct Answer-Autonomic and Somatic. pg. 45 professoraxe l What are the 5 actions of the digestive system? - Correct Answer-Ingestion>Digestion(begins in the mouth>Movement(peristalsis)>Absorption>Elimination What does the Endocrine System do? - Correct Answer-Uses 'messengers' known as hormones to help maintain a constant environment inside the body, as well as swift, dramatic responses whenever illness or injury strikes or when the brain perceives danger. What 3 layers is the skin composed of? - Correct Answer- Epidermis(outerlayer of skin), Dermis(thick connective tissue layer that gives bulk to the skin& contains many free nerve endings), Subcutaneous Fat(layer of loose connective tissue, it insulates the body against heat loss). What is the most common of all human cancers? (pg. 78, disorders of the integumentary(skin) system!) - Correct Answer-Basal Cell Carcinoma. Primary cause is exposure to sun radiation. What are the 3 distinct periods of prenatal development? - Correct Answer-Preimplantation-during 1st week. pg. 46 professoraxe l Embryonic-beginning of 2nd to end of 8th week. most critical period. Fetal-9th week to birth. body systems develop and mature. What are the 3 primary embryonic layers? - Correct Answer- Ectoderm(outerlayer), Mesoderm(middlelayer), Endoderm(innerlayer). When does early development of the mouth start? - Correct Answer-During the 4th week. Which branchial arch forms the bones, muscles, nerves of the face, and lower lip? - Correct Answer-First Branchial Arch. Which Branchial Arch forms the side and front of the neck? - Correct Answer-Second Branchial Arch (also known as hyoid arch) What are the 3 stages of palate formation? - Correct Answer- (1)formation of the primary palate (2) formation of the secondary palate (3) fusion of the palate. pg. 47 professoraxe l What is the most abundant mineral component of enamel? - Correct Answer-Hydroxyapatite. What are the 3 types of dentin? - Correct Answer-Primary - forms the bulk of the tooth. Secondary - forms after eruption, continues at a very slow rate throughout life, results in gradual narrowing of pulp chamber with age. Tertiary - "reparative dentin" - formed in response to irritation and appears as a localized deposit on the wall of the pulp chamber. What are the two types of cementum? - Correct Answer- Primary - "acellular cementum" - forms outward from cementodentinal junction for the full length of the root. Secondary - "cellular cementum" - continues to form on the apical half of the root. What is the Alveolar Process? - Correct Answer-Extensions of bone from the body of the mandible and maxilla which support the teeth in their functional position within the jaws. pg. 50 professoraxe l What are the 3 types of oral mucosa? - Correct Answer-Lining Mucosa - soft texture, moist surface, ability to stretch/be compressed. Covers the insides of cheeks, vestibule, lips, soft palate & ventral surface. Masticatory Mucosa - Rubbery surface texture and resiliency. Includes attached gingiva, hard palate, and dorsum of tongue. Specialized Mucosa - On the dorsal surface of the tongue, present in the form of lingual papillae. Associated with sensations of taste. What are the 11 regions of the head? - Correct Answer- frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, orbital, nasal, infraorbital, zygomatic, buccal, oral, and mental. What are the bones of the cranium? Locate them on your head! - Correct Answer-Parietal (two, form roof and upper sides), Frontal (forms the forehead), Occipital (forms the back and base of the cranium), Temporal (two, from the sides and base of cranium), Sphenoid & Ethmoid. What are the bones of the face? Locate them! - Correct Answer-Zygomatic (two, forms the cheek bones), Maxillary bones (two, form upper jaw and part of the hard palate), Palatine bones (two bones, consist of vertical and horizontal pg. 51 professoraxe l plates each), Nasal Bones (form the bridges of the nose), Lacrimal Bones (make up part of the orbit at the inner angle of the eye), Vomer Bone (forms the base for the nasal septum), Nasal Conchae (lateral wall of the nasal cavity) and Mandible (lower jaw and is the movable bone of the skull). What 3 bony parts it the TMJ made up of? - Correct Answer- (1) Glenoid Fossa - an oval depression in the temporal bone anterior to auditory meatus. (2) Articular Eminence - Raised portion of the temporal bone anterior to the glenoid fossa. (3) - Condyloid Process - part of the mandible that lies in the glenoid fossa. What are the two major muscles of the neck? - Correct Answer-Sternocleidomastoid & Trapezius. What are the major muscles of facial expressions? - Correct Answer-Orbicularis Oris - Close & pucker lips. muscle around mouth. Buccinator - compresses cheek against teeth and retracts angle of mouth. pg. 52 professoraxe l Lingual Nerve - supplies the anterior two thirds of the tongue and branches to supply the lingual mucous membrane and mucoperiosteum. Inferior Alveolar Nerve - subdivides into >> Mylohyoid Nerve(supplies mylohyoid muscles and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle) and small dental nerves that supply the molar and premolar teeth, alveolar process, and periosteum, The Mental Nerve - supplies chin and mucous membrane of lower lip and The Incisive Nerve with supplies the incisor teeth. Locate these 13 features of the face on your face!:: - Correct Answer-Outer Canthus > Inner Canthus > Ala > Philtrum > Tragus > Nasion > Glabella > Root > Septum > Anterior Naris > Mental Protuberance > Angle of the Mandible > Zygomatic Arch. What types of tissue cover the oral cavity? - Correct Answer- Mucous Membrane Tissue. What are the two regions of the oral cavity? - Correct Answer- Vestibule & Oral Cavity Proper. pg. 55 professoraxe l What is another term for unattached gingiva? - Correct Answer-Free gingiva or marginal gingiva. What is another term for interdental gingiva? - Correct Answer-Interdental papilla. What is the pear-shapes pad of tissue behind the maxillary incisors? - Correct Answer-Incisive papilla. What papillae are taste buds located on? - Correct Answer- Fungiform Papillae. What papillae on the tongue provide the sensation of touch? - Correct Answer-Filiform Papillae. What are the 3 dentition periods? - Correct Answer-Primary, Mixed, Permanent. Are permanent molars considered succedaneous teeth? - Correct Answer-No, because they don't replace primary teeth in an arch. pg. 56 professoraxe l What are the 4 types of teeth? - Correct Answer-Incisors, canines (cuspids), premolars (bicuspid), molars. What is the technical term for class II malocclusion? - Correct Answer-Distoclusion. What is the technical term for class III malocclusion? - Correct Answer-Mesioclusion. What is the term for the rounded, raised area on the cervical third of the lingual surface of anterior teeth? - Correct Answer-Cingulum. Which teeth are the longest in a permanent dentition? - Correct Answer-Canines. What are the smallest teeth in the permanent dentition? - Correct Answer-Mandibular incisors. On which tooth can a 5th cusp develop, and what is it called? - Correct Answer-Maxillary first molar, and cusp of Carabelli pg. 57 professoraxe l What are the 6 key nutrients our bodies need? - Correct Answer-Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, vitamins, & minerals. What three groups are carbohydrates divided into? - Correct Answer-Dietary Fiber - portion that cannot be absorbed, also known as roughage. Complex Carbohydrates - Provides energy. Simple Carbohydrates - usually "empty" calories and high in fat. What is an amino acid? - Correct Answer-They are used in the building and repair process in the body and 8 of 20 identified amino acids are essential in the adult for normal growth and maintenance of tissues. What are the 3 classifications of proteins? - Correct Answer- Complete - contains all 8 essential amino acids. Partially complete - unbalance mixture of amino acids. Incomplete - cannot support life because it is extremely low in one or more of essential amino acids. pg. 60 professoraxe l Which types of vitamin is stored in the body and not destroyed by cooking? - Correct Answer-Fat soluble vitamins. Which vitamins are referred to as the B-complex vitamin? - Correct Answer-B & C. They are water soluble and not stored in the body so must be consumed each day. May be destroyed in the cooking process. Which vitamins are fat soluble? - Correct Answer-A, D, E, K What is ecchymosis? - Correct Answer-The medical term for bruising. What type of oral condition appears as a white patch or area? - Correct Answer-Leukoplakia. What is another term for "canker sore"? - Correct Answer- Aphthous Ulcer. What term is used for inflammation of the tongue? - Correct Answer-Glossitis. pg. 61 professoraxe l What is the condition in which the body does not absorb vitamin B12? - Correct Answer-Pernicious Anemia. What is the condition that is commonly seen on the lateral border of the tongue of patients with HIV/AIDS? - Correct Answer-Hairy Leukoplakia. What is the term for abnormally large jaws? - Correct Answer- Macrognathia. What is a more common term for ankyloglossia? - Correct Answer-Tongue-tie. What are the 5 major groups of microorganisms? - Correct Answer-Bacteria Algae Protozoa Fungi Viruses Bacteria can be classified by 3 distinct shapes; what are they? - Correct Answer-Spherical (cocci) pg. 62 professoraxe l