NDFS 100 Byu Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024, Exams of Advanced Education

Download NDFS 100 Byu Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024 and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! NDFS 100 Byu Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024 what are the 6 major nutrients? - Correct Answer-carbs fat protein vitamin minerals water function of carbs and calorie per gram? - Correct Answer-4 cal per gram energy organic (contains carbon) function of fat and calorie per gram? - Correct Answer-9 cal per gram energy organic (contains carbon) pg. 1 professoraxel function of protein and calorie per gram? - Correct Answer-4 cal per gram energy structure organic function of vitamins? - Correct Answer-regulation organic function of minerals? - Correct Answer-regulation function of water? - Correct Answer-regulation Alcohol function and calorie per gram? - Correct Answer-7 cal per gram energy Blind research study definition - Correct Answer-participants don't know if they are given treatment or placebo pg. 2 professoraxel which foods should you limit? - Correct Answer-saturated fats/trans fats added sugars sodium 1 c fruit= - Correct Answer-1 c fresh, frozen cooked or canned fruit. ½ c dried fruit 1 c 100% fruit juice 1 c vegetables= - Correct Answer-1 c cut-up raw or cooked vegetables 1 c cooked legumes 1 c vegetable juice 2 c raw, leafy greens 1 oz grains= - Correct Answer-1 slice bread ½ c cooked rice, pasta, or cereal 1 oz dry pasta or rice 1 c ready-to-eat cereal flakes 3 c popped popcorn pg. 5 professoraxel 1 oz protein foods= - Correct Answer-1 oz cooked lean meat, poultry, or seafood 1 egg ¼ c cooked legumes or tofu 1 T peanut butter ½ oz nuts or seeds 1 c milk or milk product= - Correct Answer-1 c milk, yogurt, or fortified soy milk 1 ½ oz natural cheese 2 oz processed cheese 1 tsp of oil= - Correct Answer-1 tsp vegetable oil 1 tsp soft margarine 1 T low-fat mayonnaise 2 T light salad dressing % for source "high in" - Correct Answer-20% DV or higher % for a "good source" - Correct Answer-10-19% DV pg. 6 professoraxel what is Fat Free? - Correct Answer-<0.5 g per serving what is Calorie Free? - Correct Answer-<5 calories per serving what is Sodium Free? - Correct Answer-<5 mg per serving what are Monosaccharides? - Correct Answer-single sugar units examples of Monosaccharides - Correct Answer-glucose fructose galactose what is glucose? - Correct Answer-blood sugar where is fructose found? - Correct Answer-sugar in fruit what type of sugar is galactose? - Correct Answer- monosaccharide pg. 7 professoraxel how does type 1 diabetes occur? - Correct Answer-the pancreas produces no or little insulin usually found in childhood (they must receive insulin by needle) how does type 2 diabetes occur? - Correct Answer-the pancreas makes plenty of insulin but the body's cells resist insulin's actions. Often diagnosed in adulthood (needs oral medication and weight management) what supplies glucose for the body? - Correct Answer-carbs what do high blood glucose levels do? - Correct Answer-cause confusion and struggle with breathing what does insulin do? - Correct Answer-its a hormone that regulates glucose levels by allowing glucose to leave the blood stream and go into muscles pg. 10 professoraxel what does glucagon do? - Correct Answer-its a hormone that helps release glucose from glycogen stores when more glucose is needed in the blood fat in the body provides what functions? - Correct Answer-- energy in a compact way -pads all organs and keeps you warm -forms cell membranes what are the 3 types of fat? - Correct Answer-Triglycerides Phospholipids Sterols what is the structure of a triglyceride? - Correct Answer-3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol (carbon molecule) what causes it to be a mono(one), di(two), or triglyceride(three)? - Correct Answer-the amount of fatty acids attached to the glycerol pg. 11 professoraxel what causes it to be monounsaturated(one), or polyunsaturated (two or more)? - Correct Answer-the number of bonds on the chain components of saturated fats - Correct Answer--no double bonds -the chain is all single carbon molecules linked -higher melting point -solid state -found in animal products and tropical oils components of unsaturated fats - Correct Answer-one double bond how many bonds does a Monounsaturated fat have and what are sources of it? - Correct Answer-(one double bond) sources: canola, olive, and peanut oil how many bonds does a Polyunsaturated fat have and what are sources of it? - Correct Answer-(two or more double bonds) sources: vegetable oils pg. 12 professoraxel lipoproteins that transport lipids like cholesterol from the liver to other fat and muscle tissues what do chylomicron do? - Correct Answer-transport dietary fats from small intestine to body cells and liver which lipid needs a lipoprotein to be transported? - Correct Answer-long chain fatty acids sources of saturated fats - Correct Answer-tropical oils (coconut and palm) and animal fats. Ex. Coconut oil, butter, beef fat, palm oil, lard/pork fat, chicken fat sources of monounsaturated fats - Correct Answer-some vegetable oils Ex. Avocado oil, OLIVE OIL, canola oil, peanut oil sources of Omega-6 polyunsaturated fats - Correct Answer- many vegetable oils pg. 15 professoraxel Ex. Safflower oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, walnut oil, cottonseed oil sources of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fats - Correct Answer- only a few Ex. Flaxseed oil, fish oil what are trans-fatty acids? - Correct Answer-unsaturated or polyunsaturated fats that go through hydrogenation (hydrogen molecules are added on to the fat) in what source is cholesterol found? - Correct Answer-animal fats the higher the saturated fat, the more _______(solid/liquid) it is - Correct Answer-Highly saturated fats are more solid facts about hydrogenation: - Correct Answer--Benefits of hydrogenated fats: its more solid, its used in baked goods, increases shelf life. pg. 16 professoraxel -Hydrogenated vegetable oils lose the health benefits of unsaturated oils because they replace the point of unsaturation with chemicals -Hydrogenation creates trans fatty acids -Hydrogenated fats take away the double bonds which causes the fats to be more linear/saturated instead of snake-like/unsaturated making it less healthy. -Consuming trans fats raises LDL cholesterol (bad) and increases risk for cardiovascular disease what is the structure of protein? - Correct Answer-Proteins are long chains of amino acids what is the structure of an amino acid? - Correct Answer--Each amino acid always has an acid group, an amino group (contains nitrogen), and a side chain. -Side chains are what make amino acids different what is Transamination? - Correct Answer-transfer of amino group to a non-essential form of amino acids. pg. 17 professoraxel deficiency causes: rickets what are sources of Vitamin E and what does it's deficiency cause? - Correct Answer-sources: polyunsaturated plant oils, green and leafy vegetables, whole-grain products, nuts, seeds deficiency causes: red blood cell breakage (anemia), nerve damage what are sources of Vitamin K and what does it's deficiency cause? - Correct Answer-sources: green leafy vegetables deficiency causes: poor bones what are sources of Vitamin C and what does it's deficiency cause? - Correct Answer-sources: citrus fruits deficiency causes: scurvy, frequent infections/bad immune system, bleeding gums, muscle degeneration, fragile bones, rough skin, bruises, anemia pg. 20 professoraxel what are sources of Thiamin? - Correct Answer-meat, whole and enriched grains, legumes, seeds what are sources of Riboflavin? - Correct Answer-dairy products, meat, leafy green vegetables, whole grain or enriched grains what are sources of Niacin? - Correct Answer-sources: dairy products, meat, whole grain and enriched grains, all protein containing foods what are sources of Folate? - Correct Answer-sources: asparagus, avocado, leafy green vegetables, beets, legumes, seeds, enriched grains, liver what is Atherosclerosis? - Correct Answer-hardening of the arteries by plaque build-up. Most common CVD what causes Atherosclerosis? - Correct Answer-diet high in saturated/trans fats, low in fruit/vegetable intake, low fiber intake, low in vitamins/minerals, excessive alcohol intake pg. 21 professoraxel other factors: genetics, sedentary lifestyle, smoking/tobacco use, stress how can you reduce your risk of CVD? - Correct Answer-- reduce saturated fats to 7% daily calories -lose 10 lbs if overweight -consume 5-10 g of soluble fiber a day what is an unhealthy BMI? - Correct Answer-30 or over pg. 22 professoraxel