NESA Practice Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions Graded A+, Exams of Health sciences

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NESA Practice Exam 1 Questions with Complete

Solutions Graded A+

OSHA lists standard safeguards to protect workers from health hazards related to blood- borne pathogens. The reason for the standards is there is... - Correct AnswersSignificant health risks associated with blood exposure How is Hep B transmitted? - Correct AnswersSexual or blood to blood Which Hepatitis is the cause of most liver transplants - Correct AnswersHep C The virus that causes Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndrome (aids) is - Correct AnswersHuman Immunodeficiency Virus How are blood Borne pathogens spread? - Correct Answers1. Person is susceptible 2.pathogen is present 3.pathogen enters correct entry site 4.quantity of pathogen present is enough to cause disease What is the best way to protect oneself from blood-borne pathogens? - Correct AnswersStandard precautions What is the major difficulty in treating a client with a condition caused by a multi-drug resistant organism? - Correct AnswersThe microorganisms have become so resistant that no available antibiotics are effective against them What are the components of an effective multi-drug resistant organism plan? - Correct Answers1. accurate diagnosis of infectious etiologies 2.judicious anti-microbial selection and utilization 3.Optimal management of vascular and urinary catheters

4. Prevention of lower respiratory tract infections in infected patients MRSA and VRE are common examples of multi-drug resistant organisms (T/F) - Correct AnswersTrue Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in some way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of substances designed to cure/prevent infections (T/F) - Correct AnswersTrue Repeated and improper use of antibiotics are primary causes of the increase in drug resistant bacteria - Correct AnswersTrue In what ways can falls be classified? - Correct Answers1.Accidental Falls: These occur when a resident slips (water, bathrobe, tie) 2.Unanticipated Physiological Falls. occur when a resident falls for a physiological reason that has not been identified in the Fall Risk Tool. (seizures, stroke, heart attack)
5. Anticipated Physiological Falls. Occur in individuals who have already been flagged as being at risk of falling, & expected to fall again, because the Fall Risk Tool has identified their high risk (impaired gait, fall history). What interventions ccan be taken to reduce patient's extrinsic fall risk? - Correct Answers1.floor surface conditions 2.bathroom support equipment
6. assistive device availability 4.type and condition of footwear 5.lighting in patients room 6.proper use of assistive devices What type of fall prevention plans are the most effective? - Correct AnswersThose that encompasses a number of different interventions and targets multiple risk factors

What are the benefits of implementing standardized fall risk assessments at admission? - Correct AnswersAll necessary fall prevention resources that target specific factors can be implemented early according to the cdc, what is the purpose of standard precautions? - Correct AnswersProtecting healthcare practitioners and patients from spread of infections What are the components of Standard Precautions? - Correct Answers1. PPE

2. Hand Hygiene
3. Safe handling of equipment and surfaces When contact precautions are implemented, what ppe is required for healthcare providers? - Correct AnswersGown and gloves for all interactions that may involve patient contact When should droplet precautions be implemented? - Correct AnswersOn admission for any patient admitted with influenza complications When are airborne precautions implemented rather than droplet precautions? - Correct AnswersWhen infectious agents have the ability to remain suspended in the air over long distances When should soap and water be used over alcohol hand rub? - Correct AnswersWhen hands are visibly soiled or after caring with patients who may have infectious diarrhea What is the correct way to use alcohol hand rub? - Correct AnswersApply to palm, rub to all surfaces of hand, allow to air dry Which times require mandatory hand hygiene? - Correct Answers1. Before and after donning gloves
4. before entry and upon exit of room 3.if hands will be moved from dirty to clean site

What principle should guide nurses choice for selection of personal protective equipment to don prior to beginning care to a patient? - Correct Answersthe nature of the patient interaction and potential exposure during such interaction In what order is PPE donned? - Correct AnswersGown->Mask->Goggles What principles should the nurse follow after implementing restraints? - Correct Answers1. release restraints every 2 hours

2. get written physician order within 24 hours
3. restraint given is least restrictive option What are some other ways to avoid restraints? - Correct Answersinvolve family assess for pain and treat accordingly Allow restless pt's to walk or sit in rocking chairs Reduce environmental stimulation Move pt closer to nurses desk to easily monitor rule out causes of agitation What does HIPAA stand for - Correct AnswersHealth Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Information that can be linked to a persons identity such as past present future physical or mental conditions is all Protected Health Information (T/F) - Correct AnswersTrue You can discuss Protected Health Information with others as long as they keep it confidential (T/F) - Correct AnswersFalse

When is it acceptable to look up information on a patients EHR? - Correct AnswersWhen accessing information that pertains directly to the care that will be provided (T/F) posting any type of patient information on social media is allowed - Correct AnswersFalse (T/F) Healthcare workers must be trained to handle situations of most types of disasters - Correct AnswersTrue When you hear a code red announcement that is on ANOTHER unit, what is your first step? - Correct AnswersConfine the possible spread by closing the doors on your unit What does R.A.C.E stand for - Correct AnswersRescue Alert Confine Extinguish What does a code black designate? - Correct AnswersExtreme Weather When a code yellow is called, what should the hospital staff expect? - Correct AnswersAn external disaster followed by an influx of patients (T/F) Pain relief can ONLY be provided if the pain can be rated on the 0 - 10 scale - Correct AnswersFalse (T/F) Children's nervous system is underdeveloped and as such have a decreased perception of pain - Correct AnswersFalse What patients are at a higher risk of opioid induced respiratory depression? - Correct AnswersThe very young, old, and obese (T/F) You should avoid over sedation by withholding pain medication until the patient can accurately rate and describe his pain - Correct AnswersFalse What is considered the 5th vital sign? - Correct AnswersPain

What does FAST stand for and refer to? - Correct AnswersFace Arms Speech Time Refers to signs of spotting a stroke (T/F) If stroke like symptoms dissappear within a few minutes, they can be ignored - Correct AnswersFALSE What acronym can be used to remember what to do in case of a hazardous spill? - Correct AnswersCLEAN Hazardous communications is an OSHA regulation that states employees should - Correct Answers1. be informed of chemicals in their workplace

2. ensure hazards are properly stored/handled/disposed to minimize exposure
3. be provided specific criteria for classification of health and hazards (T/F) If a cleaning solution is poured from a large labeled container into a smaller unlabeled container, the small container does not have to be labeled - Correct AnswersFalse. Always label (T/F) it is the employees responsibility to learn emergency procedures for the substances in their workplace - Correct AnswersTrue (T/F) All items should be recapped before being put in a sharps container - Correct AnswersFalse, never recap (T/F) If a sharps container is full, a bio hazard bag may be temporarily used as a replacement - Correct AnswersFalse

What is the purpose of the MSDS - Correct AnswersTo inform workers of product properties and safety (T/F)An MSDS may be obtained on the hospital computer or by calling a toll free number and must have the same information - Correct AnswersTrue (T/F) All MSDSs are the same - Correct AnswersFalse, vary by facility How do you carry an object for a good center of gravity? - Correct Answersclose to the body between chest and waist How do you properly lift something from the floor - Correct AnswersSquat, lift and stand at same time, avoid using back (T/F) When a patient has a latex allergy, it is permissible to avoid gloves all together - Correct AnswersFalse, alternatives are always availible To help identify potential latex allergies, they are usually allergic to things such as - Correct AnswersKiwis, bananas, avocados, chest nuts (T/F) Latex can cause instant death - Correct AnswersFalse... what type of injuries can result from electrical equipment - Correct AnswersBurns, falls, electrocution before using any piece of electrical equipment, you should... - Correct Answersinspect cord an fittings for wear or damage the purpose of a ground fault circuit interrupter is to - Correct Answersturn off electricity before severe injuries or electrocution occur (T/F)all staff and students are responsible for ensuring others do not 'draft' into badge secure areas - Correct AnswersTrue

What is population specific care? - Correct AnswersModifying patient care that takes into consideration the patients culture/race/ethnicity, age, sex, background, disability, socioeconomic status (T/F) There are tools available at each hospital to ensure all staff are culturally competent and aware - Correct AnswersTrue When is an interpreter not required for a deaf or non English speaker? - Correct AnswersExplaining simple things such as use of a call light (T/F) Using an interpreter requires it to be documented in patients chart - Correct AnswersTrue (T/F) Reporting abuse and neglect is the responsibility of all staff - Correct AnswersTrue What is NOT a sign of abuse and neglect? - Correct AnswersExcessive crying What type of injuries should one look for when assessing for abuse? - Correct Answers1.Injuries in different stages

2. injuries in patterns
3. inconsistent with the story given (T/F) Injuries are always present in someone who is abused or neglected - Correct AnswersFalse (T/F) All abuse/neglect related concerns should be reported to the chain of command or to dhs - Correct AnswersTrue What happens if a staff member is suspected of abuse or neglect? - Correct Answers1. staff removed from situation
4. patient is assessed
5. supervisors and coordinators are notified

The national Patient Safety Goal to improve patient identification accuracy involves using... - Correct Answers2 forms of patient identification The National Patient Safety Goal to improve safety of using medications involves everything except - Correct AnswersPreventing MdRO infections The National Patient Safety Goal to reduce HAI's involves - Correct Answersgood hygeine, sterile technique, and preventing mdros (T/F) Anyone can report concerns and issues to the tjc - Correct AnswersTrue According to TJC (The Joint Commission), all of the following are rules for inappropriate abbreviations EXCEPT: Never use u for units. Spell it out because it can be mistaken for a 4 Never use a trailing zero Always use standard abbreviations for drug names Never use qd, qod for daily and every other day. Write out daily or every other day - Correct AnswersAlways use standard abbreviations for drug names What CANNOT be used as a patient identifier - Correct AnswersPatient room and location (T/F)To help eliminate blood transfusion errors, it is important to match the correct patient with the correct blood type at the bedside. Verification should be done by two qualified staff using two patient identifiers. - Correct AnswersTRUE (T/F) Visitors may bring packages to the at-risk patient if requested - Correct AnswersFalse, especially if suicide risk

drug resistant TB has risen in... - Correct AnswersElderly, homeless and low income, drug addicts drug resistant TB is on the rise due to - Correct Answerslack of tb identification ineffective tb treatment inadequate tb testing what is the most significant symptom of TB - Correct Answersprolonged productive cough what is the most important type of PPE to wear around a TB patient - Correct AnswersWell fitted respirator