Identifying Causes of Delirium & Neurological Injuries in Elderly & Brain Injury Patients, Exams of Nursing

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Question 1

5 / 5 pts

Question 2

0 / 5 pts

Which of the following are potential causes of delirium in the elderly? Mark all that apply. Dehydration Correct! Medication Effects Correct! Sepsis Correct! Metabolic imbalance

Personality changes in patients with Traumatic Brain Injury include all of the following except: Correct Answer Hypervigilance Impaired Social Judgment Apathy Impulsivity

Question 4

5 / 5 pts

Question 3

5 / 5 pts

Common presenting symptoms of dementia include all of the following except: Depression Irritability Inability to find the right words Abstract thinking increases Which type of medication may be particularly dangerous when treating aggression in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) because it could cause paradoxical agitation? Benzodiazepines Clonidine Haloperidol Propranolol

Question 5

5 / 5 pts

Chris is a 28-year-old marine who just returned from active duty from Iraq. He has been complaining of dizziness, extreme headaches, and memory problems related to traumatic brain injury. His neurological injuries are most likely the effect of: Changes related to altitude in climate.

Question 7

5 / 5 pts

Rotational acceleration/deceleration, resulting in focal injury. Diffuse axonal damage as the result of a blast-induced injury. Direct blunt trauma, resulting in damage to underlying tissues.

Question 6

5 / 5 pts

A pleasant 73-year-old male presents to the clinic with his wife. His wife states that she has noted increasing problems with his memory including forgetting to get some items on his grocery list and misplacing his car keys. You administer the MMSE in the office and he scores 24/30 which is consistent with Mild Dementia per the scoring guidelines. Your best response to his wife is: The MMSE score alone is a strong indicator of Dementia and we can proceed with medication based on these results. The MMSE score along with the memory issues are more concerning for head injury and so we will pursue a head CT to rule out TBI. The MMSE score alone is concerning for Dementia but the memory issues can be a part of normal brain function so we need to rule out organic causes before concluding a diagnosis of Dementia. The MMSE score along with the memory issues you identified are very strong indicators of Dementia so we will begin first line treatment with Donepezil (Aricept) today. Collaborating with specialists is an important part of primary care involving patients with

neurologic injuries. It is important as an APN to know when to refer to a specialist and what the goal of that referral is: further information, diagnostic testing or treatment recommendations? Which of the following are accurate goals of referral of a patient for Neuropsychological Testing? Choose all that apply: Marital Counseling

Question 8

0 / 5 pts

Question 9

3.33 / 5 pts

Assist in identifying neurobehavioral or developmental disorders that may influence cognitive and behavioral functions (e.g., dyslexia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], autism spectrum disorders, mental retardation) Monitor the results of Court ordered Drug testing Monitor changes in cognition over time (document recovery or progression of symptoms) Correct! Establish a baseline level of neuropsychological functioning Correct! Assist in differential diagnosis and determination of the severity of a condition Key early warning signs for Alzheimer’s disease include all of the following except: Problem with language Loss of initiative Memory loss Correct Answer Increased fatigue

Benzodiazepines are appropriate for which of the following disorders? (Choose all that apply) Insomnia Correct Answer Mood Disorders

Question 10

1 / 5 pts

Correct! Acute alcohol withdrawal Correct! Delirium Match the type of Injury with the neurologic damage. Blow to the head with an object Focal and diffuse damage Correct Answer Damage to underlying tissue or vessels Punched in the face or head Contusions/bruising/bleeding Being shot in the face or head Focal and diffuse damage

Correct Answer Disintegration of brain tissue Falling and hitting your head Diffuse damage Correct Answer Focal and diffuse damage Near Drowning Focal and diffuse damage

Correct Answer Diffuse damage