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NFDN 1001 Final Exam Review Questions
With Correct Detailed Answers.
Why is it important to involve the client in care decisions? (2) - ANSWER- -Gives clients autonomy ad independence
- their needs will guide your care What are ethics? - ANSWER- Standards to which we hold ourselves morally What is an ethical dilemma? - ANSWER- When two values are conflicting What is the the first step to resolving an ethical dilemma? - ANSWER- Determining whether or not its actually an ethical dilemma. What are the principals that guide professional practice? (6) - ANSWER- - Responsibility -accountability -advocacy
- autonomy -beneficence (promoting good)
- non- malifience (no harm) Purpose of the CLPNA? (3) - ANSWER- - exists to regulate the profession, and give you a license
- they set your standards of practice and code of ethics
- the main goal is public safety What lays out the standards CLPNA has to follow? - ANSWER- The health professions act Fiduciary relationship - ANSWER- A relationship in which a professional (nurse) provides services that by nature cause the recipient (client) to trust in the specialized knowledge and integrity of the professional What are the two categories that the the Canadian legal system is divided into? - ANSWER- 1 Public law 2 Private law What is public law? - ANSWER- Deals with the rights of individuals and society What is private law? - ANSWER- -protection of a persons rights
- disputes between individuals -issues such as: wills, contracts, marriage, divorce and civil wrongs
- breech of private law results in the payment of money to compensate for damages What is malpractice? - ANSWER- Illegal, immoral or unprofessional conduct How are you judged in court? - ANSWER- Against your "Standards of Practice" Types of tort - ANSWER- Intentional and unintentional Types of intentional torts: - ANSWER- 1. assault (threat, verbal, or physical at which it effects well being of the client)
- Battery ( physical assault)
- restraints/false imprisonment (unjustified use of restraints).
- Invasion of privacy (looking up info that isn't relevant, whispering in the elevator, disclosing to the wrong people) Types of unintentional torts: - ANSWER- - Negligence (care that falls below unacceptable standards) (happens a lot in documentation) Key principals of documentation: (7) - ANSWER- - always use black/blue pen
- didn't chart it, it didn't happen
- don't chart something you did not do
- cross it out if you make an error -never pre chart
- don't leave spaces -sign everything and put your designation (SPN) Is it even okay to breach confidentiality? (3) - ANSWER- Yes.
- each province and territory as laws that require health care workers to report suspected child abuse to a local child protection agency
- in some jurisdictions it is required to contact police if there has been a gunshot or a stab wound
- nurses may also be required to release information about a client when they receive a subpoena (legal order) to testify in court Four elements that must be present for a case of negligence to be proven: - ANSWER-
- the nurse (defendant) owed a duty to the client (plaintiff)
- the nurse did not carry out that duty
- the patient was injured and
- the nurses failure to carry out the duty caused the injury What is informed consent? - ANSWER- Consent after being told all the benefits and consequences of a specific task Key points about consent: (3) - ANSWER- - Required for every task
- a nurse is just a WITNESS for consent
- anyone over 18/parent/guardian/personals directive can give consent
Power of attorney (2) - ANSWER- - deals with anything financial
- must be over 18 with mental capacity Personal directive (2) - ANSWER- - Allows someone else to make decisions for client if they are no longer able to
- can be anyone over 18 with mental capacity The Health Professions Act: (2) - ANSWER- requires health professional colleges to follow common rules to investigate complaints and set an educational and practice standards for registered members
- it is intended to protect the public by ensuring only competent, ethical professionals practice in a health care setting Key Features of the HPA: (8) - ANSWER- - Self Regulation
- transparency to the Public
- mandatory Registration
- protected Titles
- restricted Activities
- continuing Competency
- disciplinary Process
- employers' Role in cases of unprofessional conduct. What is the primary responsibility of the HPA? - ANSWER- To License members Health Information Act: - ANSWER- - this allows a person to access their personal information held by a public body
- how your own health info is collected used and disposed What does FOIP stand for: - ANSWER- Freedom of information and protection of privacy act Five purposes of FOIP: - ANSWER- 1)A right of access to records
- Protection of personal privacy
- A right of access to an individual's own personal information
- A right to request a correcting
- Independent review of decisions Purpose of Protection for Persons in Care Act: (PPICA) - ANSWER- Prevents abuse by making recommendations to the institution on how to prevent abuse. Investigates complaints of abuse. Occupational Heath & Safety : - ANSWER- A law that protects your health and safety at work What does PPE stand for? - ANSWER- Personal Protective Equipment
How to put on PPE? (Don) - ANSWER- 1) hand hygiene
- gown
- mask
- eyewear
- gloves How to take off PPE? (Doff) - ANSWER- 1) gloves
- hand hygiene
- gown
- hand hygiene
- mask
- eyewear
- hand hygiene What is health literacy / - ANSWER- Your ability to read write and understand health information What is the minimum amount of time to lather your hand with soap? - ANSWER- 10- seconds Frequently missed areas during hand hygiene: - ANSWER- -thumbs -fingertips When should you begin and end when drying hands? - ANSWER- Finger- wrists - forearms Principals of body mechanics (10) - ANSWER- -wider the base of supports the greater the stability
- the lower the center of gravity, the great the stability
- the equilibrium of an object is maintained as long as the line of gravity passes through its bases of support
- facing he direction of movement prevents abnormal twisting
- dividing balanced activity between arms and legs reduces the risk of injury
- leverage, rolling, turning, pivoting requires less work than lifting
- when friction is reduced between the object to be moved and the surface, less force is required to move it
- reducing the force reduces the risk of injury
- maintaining good body mechanics reduces fatigue of muscle groups
- alternating periods of rest and activity helps reduce fatigue