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NFDN 1002 Final Review What is the goal of Patient education Achieve optimal health What are the three main goals of patient educations -Maintaining and promoting health and preventing illness --Restoring health -Coping with impaired function What is the key factor the patient has to have to learn Motivation What is cognitive domain It's an intellectual behavior that requires thought What is affective domain It's about the feelings, attitudes, options, and values What is Psycho-motor domain It's being able to show skills, like doing a demo What are so barriers to leaning -Physical -Emotional -Sensory -Developmental stage -Illness -Language -Grieving What is charting by exception When there is a change and you chart the most common expectation What is Functional nursing NFDN 1002 Final Review The nurse's focus on the task at hand What is Team nursing The nurses help each other to achieve a goal so, the nurse never has the same patient What is Primary nursing The patient always gets the same nurse What is case management The Heath Care workers finds out the patients needs and finds the best stream of action for them (EX. being an educator, advocate, manager, researcher) What is the collaborative Practice Model -It involves the intraprofessional team -It's evidence-informed What is used to control odor from a wound -Active Charcoal -Silver -Iodine -Honey What are the sections in the Braden Scale -Sensory -Moisture -Immobility -Friction and Shear -Nutrition -Metabolism Disorders Is the patient more at risk with a higher Braden scale score or lower Lower NFDN 1002 Final Review -Documentation -To Refuse -Reason -Education -Assessment -Evaluation What are bulk forming foods Whole grain (high-fiber) Protein is important for -Tissue growth -Collagen -Hormones -enzymes -immune cells -DNA/RNA -Blood Clotting -Fluid Regulation -Acid Base balance -Nutrition and drugs are transported by protein What are the fat soluble vitamins A,D,E,K What are the water soluble vitamins C and B complex What happens to our hydration and digestive system as we age -Decrease of thirst sensation NFDN 1002 Final Review -Decrease in GI mobility -Decrease saliva production -Decrease in Vit.B12 synthesis because it gets absorbed from food What is Xerostomia -Dry mouth Symptoms of aspiration -Coughing -Gagging -Change in voice -Drooling -Crackles in lungs -Cyanosis -SOB How to prevent aspiration -High Fowler's position -Eat slowly -DO NOT eat thin foods -Place food on stronger side of mouth Aspiration can lead to -Aspiration Pneumonia -Hyperosmolar dehydration (feed with not enough water given) What does Hypotonic mean The fluid stays in the cells Moves from interstitial fluid to cells What does Hypertonic mean NFDN 1002 Final Review Fluid leaves cells Fluid from cells moves into the interstitial fluid What does Isotonic mean The fluid in the cells is equal to the fluid outside of the cells How long should you leave your client with the head of the bed at 45-90 degrees after feeding 30 mins-1 hr What are the different types of therapeutic diets NPO (Not by mouth) Clear fluids (Broth) Full fluids (pudding) DAT (diet as tolerated) Soft diet (cooked vegetables) Pureed diet Thickened fluids (Jello) Low Residue (Grains, vegetables and fruits without the skin) What are the characteristics of a NG Tube Small bore feeding tube Starts at nose Short term What are the characteristics of a G Tube/PEG Tube Large bore feeding tube Directly into the stomach Long term use What are the characteristics of a PEJ Tube Small/low vol. tubes NFDN 1002 Final Review Increase risks for UTI's Increase in prostate size What do these illnesses and chronic disease do to our urinary function: Cerebrovascular accident/MS Parkinson's Diabetes Mellitus Alzheimer's Rheumatoid Arthritis Urgency and frequency Overactive bladder Impaired bladder contraction/Decrease in sensation Loss of full bladder sensibility Slows mobility What is a cystoscopy Insert a camera to see bladder and urethra Uses anesthesia and sedatives What is Intravenous Pyelogram A dye is used to outline the collecting ducts, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, urethra What does a urinalysis measure pH Protein Ketones Glucose RBC Specific gravity(concentration of particles in the urine) NFDN 1002 Final Review WBC What is an indwelling catheter A catheter used for a long or short period of time depending on condition. Has a inflated balloon in the bladder to prevent catheter from coming out. Has a double or triple lumen What is an intermittent catheter It has one tube for draining the bladder. Used for urine samples Why would you irrigate a bladder To remove blood clots Inflammatory bowel disease symptoms Abdominal pain Bloating Flatulence Anorexia Diarrhea Things that alter bowel elimination Age (Decreased mobility) Disease IBS Diabetes Pain Pelvic floor trauma (Labor and delivery, surgery) Illness Surgery Enteral Feeding Medication NFDN 1002 Final Review What is the definition of constipation Less than 3 bowel movements per week How much fluids should you drink if you are constipated 1500-2000mL What is the definition of impaction Hard stool in rectum Why do we administer suppositories To promote defecation by irritating the mucous lining of the rectum/colon What position should you be in when administering a suppository In SIM's position on left side Why do we administer enemas To promote defecation by increasing peristalsis How long should you try and keep the enema solution in for 15min What is a loop colostomy Cutting the transverse colon temporary What is an end colostomy Distal end is sewn closed and proximal end forms stoma What is a double barrel colostomy Bowel is cut both ends are sewn together and brought out to make a stoma What does a pink stoma mean Anemia. REPORT this What does a purple stoma mean Poor circulation. REPORT this After a stoma is made how long does it take for the bleeding and swelling to go down NFDN 1002 Final Review If >4L is being given What has to be done for a reservoir mask Make sure the bag is inflated before you place on the client Why would we suction our client If their auditory is moist, noisy, gurgling, coughing without secretions. Their visual is drooling. Why do we use a spacer with a MDI It brings the medication to the lower part of the lungs, instead of upper portion only Adolescents have what when it comes to sleep Sleep debt What kinda drugs affect sleep Diuretics Narcotics Hypnotics Alcohol Caffeine Antidepressants B-Blockers Anti-Parkinson Anti-Convulsants What are the benefits of mobility Increase blood flow Increase oxygenation Increase muscle tone and strength Prevents constipation, DVT, PE NFDN 1002 Final Review What is Atelectasis of the lung Lung collapsing from alack of oxygen What is hypostatic pneumonia Pneumonia from a decrease in mobility What are TEDS used for They are tight stockings to increase blood flow back to the heart. They prevent Thombi's and edema What is passive range of motion The nurse supports and moves the joint for the client When going up the stairs with crutches, which goes first the crutch or good leg Good leg Why would you place restraints on a client If they can harm themselves or others How can a nurse promote communication with the client Approaching the patient Alter communication methods Teach the patient What is the definition of sensory deprivation Inadequate amount of quality and quantity of stimuli What is quality stimulation Meaningful stimuli What is quantity stimulation Overload of sensory information What is pain shaped by Culture The situation NFDN 1002 Final Review Past experiences What do neurotransmitters do Transmit the pain impulse Whats is acute pain Sudden onset Protective Resolved with or without treatment What is chronic pain Lasted longer than 6 months Non-life threatening What is nociceptive pain A normal painful stimuli that damages tissues What is neuropathic pain Abnormal pain processed by PNS or CNS Does fatigue increase the reaction to pain Yes Can genes affect your pain Yes What are Kubler Ross's five stages of grief Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance What are Bowlby's four stages of mourning