NFDN 1002 Final Review Questions with Complete Verified Solutions 2024/2025, Exams of Health sciences

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NFDN 1002 Final Review Questions with Complete Verified Solutions 2024/2025 What is the goal of Patient education Achieve optimal health What are the three main goals of patient educations Maintaining and promoting health and preventing illness Restoring health Coping with impaired function What is the key factor the patient has to have to learn Motivation What is cognitive domain It's an intellectual behavior that requires thought What is affective domain It's about the feelings, attitudes, options, and values What is Psycho-motor domain It's being able to show skills, like doing a demo What are so barriers to leaning Physical Emotional Sensory Developmental stage Illness Language Grieving What is charting by exception When there is a change and you chart the most common expectation What is Functional nursing The nurse's focus on the task at hand What is Team nursing The nurses help each other to achieve a goal so, the nurse never has the same patient What is Primary nursing The patient always gets the same nurse What is case management The Heath Care workers finds out the patients needs and finds the best stream of action for them (EX. being an educator, advocate, manager, researcher) What is the collaborative Practice Model It involves the intraprofessional team It's evidence-informed What is used to control odor from a wound Active Charcoal Silver Iodine Honey What are the sections in the Braden Scale Sensory Moisture Immobility Friction and Shear Nutrition Metabolism Disorders Is the patient more at risk with a higher Braden scale score or lower Lower Six is the lowest you can get What kind of pressure ulcer is this: Non-blanch-able Purple Deep tissue What kind of pressure ulcer is this: Tissue loss and damage leading to eschar Unstagable You NEVER remove the eschar because you don't know how deep it goes What does serous drainage look like Clear watery and kinda pink What does Sanguineous drainage look like Thick and bloody What does serosanguineous drainage look like Cyanosis SOB How to prevent aspiration High Fowler's position Eat slowly DO NOT eat thin foods Place food on stronger side of mouth Aspiration can lead to Aspiration Pneumonia Hyperosmolar dehydration (feed with not enough water given) What does Hypotonic mean The fluid stays in the cells Moves from interstitial fluid to cells What does Hypertonic mean Fluid leaves cells Fluid from cells moves into the interstitial fluid What does Isotonic mean The fluid in the cells is equal to the fluid outside of the cells How long should you leave your client with the head of the bed at 45-90 degrees after feeding 30 mins-1 hr What are the different types of therapeutic diets NPO (Not by mouth) Clear fluids (Broth) Full fluids (pudding) DAT (diet as tolerated) Soft diet (cooked vegetables) Pureed diet Thickened fluids (Jello) Low Residue (Grains, vegetables and fruits without the skin) What are the characteristics of a NG Tube Small bore feeding tube Starts at nose Short term What are the characteristics of a G Tube/PEG Tube Large bore feeding tube Directly into the stomach Long term use What are the characteristics of a PEJ Tube Small/low vol. tubes Tube is inserted in the Jejunum Used for patients with an increased risk of aspiration What should the pH be of: The stomach The intestine less that 5.5 more than 7 How much of a pre-medication of feeding flush should you give 30mL How much water do you add to dilute a G Tube medication 20-30mL How much of a water flush do you give in between medications for G Tubes 5-10mL What is an intermittent feed Only at specific times More than 150-250mL at one time Increase the amount by 50mL every time What is a continuous feed Small amount over a 24 hr period Delivered in mL/hr Increases by 10-20mL every 12-24hr Why do we do water flushes To prevent dehydration Balances fluid and electrolytes What is the normal range for blood glucose 4-8mmol/L Why might a client develop tube occlusion Not flushing after feeding or medication What are the signs and symptoms of tube occlusion Dry cracked lips Sores in mouth Sore throats Where is an HDC inserted into The subcutaneous layer of the skin What are the sites we can use for HDC Supra-scapula Upper chest Anterior thigh Abdomen What is the angle of insertion for HDC 45 degrees What do we document when assessing urine Color Amount Clarity Odor Age changes for the urinary system Loss of muscle tone Decreased bladder capacity Decrease in sphincter contraction Increase risks for UTI's Increase in prostate size What do these illnesses and chronic disease do to our urinary function: Cerebrovascular accident/MS Parkinson's Diabetes Mellitus Alzheimer's Rheumatoid Arthritis Urgency and frequency Overactive bladder Impaired bladder contraction/Decrease in sensation Loss of full bladder sensibility Slows mobility What is a cystoscopy Insert a camera to see bladder and urethra Uses anesthesia and sedatives What is Intravenous Pyelogram A dye is used to outline the collecting ducts, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, urethra What does a urinalysis measure pH Protein Ketones What is the same about giving Heparin and Insulin. And what is different Both measured in units When giving Heparin you hold the pinch What is the needle length and gauge for IM 5/8- 1 1/2 inch 18-25 g Why do we use z-track for IM injections Prevents escape of the medication and irritation of the skin Do we massage the injection site after administration NO, can cause tissue damage When is reconstitution used When giving an IM injection were the medication is powder and you add saline to make it liquid What changes for older adults when it comes to oxygenation Increased size of trachea and bronchi Increased size of alveolis Decrease number of cilia Decreased cough mechanism Decreased lung expansion What is deep breathing used for Open the airways and increase lung volume Why is an incentive spirometer used To promote deep breathing and treat atelectasis Why is O2 therapy used Prevent hypoxia Decrease breathing effort and workload on heart What kind of oxygen mask should be used for someone with COPD High flow device Venturimask When should you humidify O2if If >4L is being given What has to be done for a reservoir mask Make sure the bag is inflated before you place on the client Why would we suction our client If their auditory is moist, noisy, gurgling, coughing without secretions. Their visual is drooling. Why do we use a spacer with a MDI It brings the medication to the lower part of the lungs, instead of upper portion only Adolescents have what when it comes to sleep Sleep debt What kinda drugs affect sleep Diuretics Narcotics Hypnotics Alcohol Caffeine Antidepressants B-Blockers Anti-Parkinson Anti-Convulsants What are the benefits of mobility Increase blood flow Increase oxygenation Increase muscle tone and strength Prevents constipation, DVT, PE What is Atelectasis of the lung Lung collapsing from alack of oxygen What is hypostatic pneumonia Pneumonia from a decrease in mobility What are TEDS used for They are tight stockings to increase blood flow back to the heart. They prevent Thombi's and edema What is passive range of motion The nurse supports and moves the joint for the client When going up the stairs with crutches, which goes first the crutch or good leg Good leg Why would you place restraints on a client If they can harm themselves or others How can a nurse promote communication with the client Approaching the patient Alter communication methods Teach the patient What is the definition of sensory deprivation Inadequate amount of quality and quantity of stimuli What is quality stimulation Meaningful stimuli What is quantity stimulation Overload of sensory information What is pain shaped by Culture The situation Past experiences What do neurotransmitters do Transmit the pain impulse Whats is acute pain Sudden onset Protective Resolved with or without treatment What is chronic pain Lasted longer than 6 months Non-life threatening What is nociceptive pain A normal painful stimuli that damages tissues What is neuropathic pain Abnormal pain processed by PNS or CNS Does fatigue increase the reaction to pain Yes Can genes affect your pain Yes What are Kubler Ross's five stages of grief Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance What are Bowlby's four stages of mourning Numbing Yearning and Searching Disorganization and Despair Reorganization Can the stages of grief appear in a random order and overlap Yes What are Worden's four stages of mourning