NHA PCT EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS NEWEST UPDATED 2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% C, Exams of Nursing

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NEWEST UPDATED 2024/2025 ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT

VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

• General Patient Care - CORRECT ANSWERS Provide basic patient care under the direction of nursing staff - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: bathing, bed making, catheter care, transfer, assisting with ALDs Provide emotional support for patients and their families while performing patient care - CORRECT ANSWERS Support the coping mechanisms of patients and their families who are dealing with grief, death, or are dying. - CORRECT ANSWERS Set up equipment to be used by the patient - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: oxygen, alternating pressure mattresses Provide patient care for a patient with a feeding tube - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: aspiration precautions, observe tubing for kinks or problems Perform care related to the special needs patient - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: physically, sensory, cognitively, or mentally impaired Report any new changes in a patients' condition - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: level of consciousness, shortness of breath Monitor and record functions related to digestion - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: bowel movements, percentage of meal eaten Monitor, record, and accurately measure intake/ output - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: urine, emesis, wound drainage Assist in admission, discharge, and/or transfer of the patient to another unit or facility - CORRECT ANSWERS Follow the established restorative plan of care ordered for the patient - CORRECT ANSWERS

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Perform passive Range of Motion (ROM) for the patient - CORRECT ANSWERS Assist with restorative rehabilitation activities - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: bowel and bladder retraining Use adaptive devices for activities of daily living - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: feeding and dressing devices Keep patient area clean - CORRECT ANSWERS Remove peripheral IVs - CORRECT ANSWERS Perform dressing changes - CORRECT ANSWERS a) sterile b)aseptic Transfer the patient using a mechanical lift - CORRECT ANSWERS Manually lift and transfer the patient - CORRECT ANSWERS Apply immobility splints to patients - CORRECT ANSWERS Provide one-on-one care for patients who are at risk for suicide - CORRECT ANSWERS Provide skin care - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: repositioning, creams, moisture barrier Identify and report any changes in skin integrity - CORRECT ANSWERS Utilize devices to prevent skin breakdown - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: air mattress, draw sheets Apply sequential compression boots - CORRECT ANSWERS

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Apply anti-embolitic stockings - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: TED hose Assist the patient with coughing, deep-breathing exercises - CORRECT ANSWERS Perform first aid, CPR, and rapid response procedures - CORRECT ANSWERS Report critical values to the appropriate nurse in charge of the patient - CORRECT ANSWERS Assist the patient with incentive spirometry - CORRECT ANSWERS Check dressings for increased saturation and changes - CORRECT ANSWERS Follow the 5 Rights of Delegation - CORRECT ANSWERS Prioritize patient care based on patient needs - CORRECT ANSWERS Recognize visual abnormalities in patient specimen - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: stool, sputum, urine, emesis Monitor vital signs and patient status during blood transfusions - CORRECT ANSWERS Assist the patient with taking self-administered prescribed medications - CORRECT ANSWERS Apply oxygen therapy - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: nasal cannula, mask Assist with patient-administered nebulizer treatments - CORRECT ANSWERS Weigh a patient - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: standing, wheel chair, or bed scaled

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Assist patients with orthotic or prosthetic devices - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: hearing aids, dentures, artificial eyes, or extremities Perform home health aid services - CORRECT ANSWERS Perform hospital/ palliative aid care services - CORRECT ANSWERS Perform ostomy care (excluding irrigation) - CORRECT ANSWERS Assist with ostomy care - CORRECT ANSWERS Perform postmortem care - CORRECT ANSWERS Observe for and report edema - CORRECT ANSWERS Observe and report patient pain using pain scale - CORRECT ANSWERS Monitor and Record the listed vital signs - CORRECT ANSWERS a) Blood Pressure (manually and electronically) b) Pulse (manually and electronically) c) Apical Pulse d) Apical-radial deficit e) Respirations (manually and electronically) f) Pulse oximetry

• Patient Care and Preparation Related to Phlebotomy and EKG - CORRECT ANSWERS Conduct appropriate introduction to the patient - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: introduce yourself, name, credentials

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Explain the phlebotomy procedure to be performed to the patient - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: ask if they have any questions after you explain to them what you are going to be doing, make sure they are aware and comfortable Review the requisition for testing requirements and patient identity - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: look at the doctors orders, be sure you conduct the tests as told on lab orders Receive implied or informed consent from patient - CORRECT ANSWERS Determine venipuncture site accessibility based on patient age and condition - CORRECT ANSWERS Verify patient compliance with testing requirements - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: fasting, medication, basal state Prepare the patient - CORRECT ANSWERS a) EKG monitoring (ex: patient history, cardiac medications, patient positioning) b) Holter monitoring c) Stress testing d) Telemetry monitoring Apply electrodes on patients - CORRECT ANSWERS a) EKG monitoring b) Holter monitoring c) Stress testing d) Telemetry monitoring e) Pediatric patients f) Patients with special considerations (ex: right-sided heart, posterior chest, amputations) Respond to signs and symptoms of cardiopulmonary compromise - CORRECT ANSWERS Monitor patient condition during stress testing - CORRECT ANSWERS

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Respond to complications during stress testing - CORRECT ANSWERS Verify patient understanding of Holter monitor procedures - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: explain to them the procedure, any restrictions, why they are having that procedure performed, ask if they have any questions

• Safety - CORRECT ANSWERS Identify and Report - CORRECT ANSWERS a) Abuse or neglect of patients b) Sexual harassment involving patients or staff c) Substance abuse involving patients or staff d) Domestic violence/ intimate partner abuse involving patients or staff Transport patients using proper body mechanics - CORRECT ANSWERS Transfer patients using proper body mechanics - CORRECT ANSWERS Monitor patients' environmental safety - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: fall precautions, faulty equipment Prevent workplace injuries by following OSHA guidelines - CORRECT ANSWERS Recognize and respond to emergency situations - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: fire, hostage, biological hazard Follow the proper procedures for identifying patients - CORRECT ANSWERS Follow Joint Commission (JCAHO) patient safety guidelines - CORRECT ANSWERS Practice safety procedures when using medical supplies and equipment - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: lock the hospital bed, lock wheelchairs, raise stretcher side rails, apply safety belts and restraints

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Report and document work-related accidents - CORRECT ANSWERS

• Professional Responsibilities - CORRECT ANSWERS Obtain and maintain Basic Cardiac Life Support (BCLS) certification for health care providers - CORRECT ANSWERS Adhere to HIPPA regulations regarding Protected Health Information (PHI) - CORRECT ANSWERS Communicate with other health care professionals using appropriate medical terminology - CORRECT ANSWERS Observe the chain of command in a healthcare setting - CORRECT ANSWERS Use therapeutic communication when talking to a patient - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: interpersonal skills Adhere to regulations regarding operational standards - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: JCAHO, CLSI
• Infection Control - CORRECT ANSWERS Use universal, standard, and transmission-based precautions - CORRECT ANSWERS Dispose of biohazardous materials properly, as dictated by OSHA - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: sharps containers, red bags Follow exposure control plans in the event of occupational exposure - CORRECT ANSWERS Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) while following standard precautions - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: gloves, gown, masks, shoe covers

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Perform aseptic technique - CORRECT ANSWERS Perform sterile technique - CORRECT ANSWERS

• Phlebotomy - CORRECT ANSWERS Listed below are Primary Collections Demonstrate proper insertion and removal techniques for venipuncture - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: bevel up Perform capillary collection method based on patient age and condition - CORRECT ANSWERS Ensure patient safety throughout the collection process - CORRECT ANSWERS Perform venipuncture steps in correct order - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: evacuated tube system, syringe, winged collection set Perform capillary (dermal) puncture steps in correct order - CORRECT ANSWERS Recognize common complications from primary collection - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: lack of blood flow, hematoma, nerve injury Identify problematic patient signs and symptoms throughout collection - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: syncope, diaphoresis, nausea, seizure Follow order of draw - CORRECT ANSWERS a) Venipuncture b) Capillary Collection Ensure that tube additives are appropriate for testing requirements - CORRECT ANSWERS Assemble equipment needed for primary blood collections - CORRECT ANSWERS

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Insert evacuated tubes with additives after collection - CORRECT ANSWERS Verify quality of equipment - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: sterility, expiration date, manufacturer's defects

• Phlebotomy - CORRECT ANSWERS Listed below are Special Collections Prepare peripheral blood smears - CORRECT ANSWERS Perform blood culture collections - CORRECT ANSWERS Assist other healthcare professionals with blood culture collections - CORRECT ANSWERS Collect blood samples for inborn errors of metabolism - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: PKU, galactosemia Perform phlebotomy for blood donations - CORRECT ANSWERS Calculate volume requirements to avoid causing iatrogenic anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS
• Phlebotomy - CORRECT ANSWERS Listed below is Processing Label all specimens - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: do not label specimens in front of patient(s) Perform quality control for CLIA-waived procedures - CORRECT ANSWERS Transport specimens based on handling requirements - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: temperature, light, time Explain non-blood specimen collection procedure to patients - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: stool, urine, semen, sputum

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Handle patient-collected, non-blood specimen - CORRECT ANSWERS Avoid pre-analytical errors when collecting blood specimens - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: QNS, hemolysis Adhere to chain of custody guidelines when required - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: forensic studies, blood alcohol, drug screen Prepare samples for transportation to a reference (outside) laboratory - CORRECT ANSWERS Coordinate communication between non-laboratory personnel for processing and collection - CORRECT ANSWERS Use technology to input and receive specimen data - CORRECT ANSWERS Report critical values to point of care testing - CORRECT ANSWERS Distribute laboratory results to ordering providers - CORRECT ANSWERS

• EKG Monitoring - CORRECT ANSWERS Calculate patient heart rate from the EKG tracing - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: 6-second method, R to R, sequencing Identify artifacts from the tracing - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: wandering baseline, somatic, electrical Resolve artifacts from the tracing - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: wandering baseline, somatic, electrical Record leads on patient - CORRECT ANSWERS a) 3-lead b) 5-lead c) 12-lead

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VERIFIED BEST SOLUTION GRADED A+ FOR PASS

Verify the leads recorded on an EKG - CORRECT ANSWERS Upload a completed EKG to a patient's electronic medical record - CORRECT ANSWERS Mount a completed EKG for a patient's chart - CORRECT ANSWERS Measure a patient's heart rhythm from the EKG tracing - CORRECT ANSWERS Inspect the waveforms of a cardiac cycle for symmetry, direction, and amplitude - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: P Waves, QRS Waves, ST Segments, I Waves Measure a patient's heart conduction from the EKG tracing - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: PR-Interval (PRI), QRS Duration, QT-Interval Identify the major classifications of arrhythmias from the EKG tracing - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: sinus, atrial, junctional, ventricular Identify the major variances to waveforms related to ischemia, injury, or infarction - CORRECT ANSWERS Respond to potentially life-threatening arrhythmias - CORRECT ANSWERS Verify EKG machine paper speed - CORRECT ANSWERS ex:25mm, 50mm Verify EKG machine sensitivity - CORRECT ANSWERS ex: h, 1, 2 Maintain EKG equipment and the work environment - CORRECT ANSWERS Recognize pacemaker spikes on an EKG tracing - CORRECT ANSWERS