NHCO Phlebotomy 2024 Study Guide with Complete Solutions (verified), Exams of Nursing

Download NHCO Phlebotomy 2024 Study Guide with Complete Solutions (verified) and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NHCO Phlebotomy 2024 Study Guide with Complete Solutions (verified) Which of the following is the best indication that a patient might be at risk of syncope? a. Involuntary movement b. Lightheadedness and shallow breath c. Small red spots appearing on skin d. Paleness and sweating - correct answer -d. Paleness and sweating Why is it important for a phlebotomist to invert anticoagulant tubes? a. To prevent a pH imbalance b. To prevent hemolysis c. To ensure proper mixing of blood and additive d. To prevent hemoconcentration - correct answer -c. To ensure proper mixing of blood and additive Which of the following protects a patient's information? a. OSHA b. HIPPA c. The Joint Commission d. AAHSA - correct answer -b. HIPPA Which of the following needle sizes is NOT used for laboratory assays but for collection of donor units of blood? a. 18-gauge b. 23-gague c. 21-gague d. 22-gague - correct answer -a. 18-gauge How many minutes within collection of a urine sample should the phlebotomist take the temperature of the specimen? a. Within 10 minutes b. Within 45 minutes c. Within 30 seconds d. Within 4 minutes - correct answer -d. Within 4 minutes Quality control checklists ensure machines are inspected for compliance at time intervals specific to the equipment and ________. a. Clinical application b. Chemical measurement c. Expiration date d. Stock rotation - correct answer -a. Clinical application Which of the following actions will most likely prevent a needle stick injury? a. Having a nurse or other healthcare team member dispose of used needles for the phlebotomist b. Replacing sharps containers when they have reached their fill line c. Recapping every needle prior to discarding it in the sharps container d. Wearing rubber gloves during venipuncture - correct answer -b. Replacing sharps containers when they have reached their fill line Which of the following pieces of information need to be on a laboratory requisition form before a phlebotomist should proceed with obtaining a blood specimen? d. The phlebotomist should collect them in a cup for disposal at the end of the day. - correct answer -c. The phlebotomist should put it into a sharps container, SAFETY CAPPED, after withdrawing it from the patient's arm. When drawing blood from a patient who has a contagious pathogen, like COVID-19, which PPE provides the best protection for a phlebotomist? a. Surgical mask b. Gown c. Double gloves d. Respirator - correct answer -a. Surgical mask How should vitamin B6 be transported in order to protect its photosensitive nature? a. It should be transported on ice b. It should be transported at room temperature, no additional precaution needed c. It should be transported in an air-tight container, no additional precaution needed d. It should be transported in an amber or brown-colored biohazard bag - correct answer -d. It should be transported in an amber or brown-colored biohazard bag Before asking permission to obtain a specimen from a patient, a phlebotomist should: a. The phlebotomist should introduce themselves to the patient and any healthcare team members in the room b. The phlebotomist should ask the patient to extend their arm c. The phlebotomist should locate the sharps container d. The phlebotomist should begin to explain the phlebotomy procedure - correct answer -a. The phlebotomist should introduce themselves to the patient and any healthcare team members in the room What is an ICD-10 Code? a. ICD-10 codes classify diagnoses and diseases b. ICD-10 codes identify specimens c. ICD-10 codes dictate patient care and privacy d. ICD-10 codes organize the medical record number - correct answer -a. ICD-10 codes classify diagnoses and diseases If a patient expresses that they often faint when getting their blood drawn, a phlebotomist should do which of the following? a. The phlebotomist should tell a nurse to supervise the patient while the phlebotomist proceeds with the blood draw b. The phlebotomist should ask the patient to keep them updated on how they are feeling, have smelling salts ready, then proceed with the blood draw c. The phlebotomist should perform the blood draw while the patient lies down d. The phlebotomist should reassure the patient that they are in a safe place and keep close watch while they perform the blood draw - correct answer -c. The phlebotomist should perform the blood draw while the patient lies down How many inversions of a Lavender Top Tube should be done before placing it in the specimen collection tray? a. 8 to 10 times b. 2 to 6 times c. 3 to 4 times d. 6 to 8 times - correct answer -a. 8 to 10 times Which step of the blood draw should be done right before removing the needle from a patient's arm? a. Inverting all the tubes used in the procedure b. Getting a bandage ready for the patient c. Re-anchoring of the skin below the draw site d. Asking the patient to open their fist - correct answer -b. Getting a bandage ready for the patient A phlebotomist witnesses a nurse receive a major electric shock from an instrument and immediately calls 911. What action should the phlebotomist have taken before calling 911? a. The phlebotomist should have first removed the nurse from the instrument and the scene of the incident b. The phlebotomist should have first notified the supervisor that was on staff of the emergency c. The phlebotomist should have first found another nurse to take over the injured nurse's duties d. The phlebotomist should have first shut off the instrument to cut off the source of the shock - correct answer -d. The phlebotomist should have first shut off the instrument to cut off the source of the shock The type of microorganism that causes disease is which of the following? a. Normal flora b. Nonpathogenic c. Pathogenic d. Hereditary - correct answer -c. Pathogenic d. Either heel - correct answer -d. Either heel When removing gloves after a procedure, which action best prevents contact with blood? a. The phlebotomist should discard the first glove before touching the other glove b. The phlebotomist should ask another healthcare team member to assist them in taking off their gloves c. The phlebotomist should pinch the fingers of one glove and tug quickly d. The phlebotomist should remove the first glove so that it turns inside out - correct answer -d. The phlebotomist should remove the first glove so that it turns inside out Serum is the LIQUID portion of _______________ blood. a. Hemolyzed b. Anticoagulated c. Hemostasis d. Coagulated - correct answer -d. Coagulated Which of the following is true about OSHA standards and the hepatitis B vaccine? a. Employers must offer the hepatitis B vaccine to their phlebotomists at no cost b. Patients are unable to receive the hepatitis B vaccine unless they have also received the hepatitis E vaccine c. Employers must require that every employee receive the hepatitis B vaccine within 90 days of beginning employment d. Phlebotomists cannot receive the hepatitis B at their place of employment if they have had symptoms in the last 90 days. - correct answer -a. Employers must offer the hepatitis B vaccine to their phlebotomists at no cost When teaching a patient to collect a sputum sample at home, the MOST important direction to include would be which of the following? a. The patient should be directed to take the sample immediately after eating b. The patient should be directed to rinse out their mouth before spitting into the container c. The patient should be directed to spit into the container after taking a deep breath and coughing d. The patient should be directed to keep the specimen in a room- temperature area, preferably in the dark - correct answer -c. The patient should be directed to spit into the container after taking a deep breath and coughing Which of the following examples of questions is most appropriate to use when identifying a patient? a. "Are you Ms. Smith?" b. "Is your name Jane Smith?" c. "Would you please state and spell your full name and provide your date of birth?" d. "Would you please provide me with your last name and your billing address?" - correct answer -c. "Would you please state and spell your full name and provide your date of birth?" Why should a phlebotomist use an amber-colored microcontainer when obtaining a bilirubin level from a newborn? a. This reduces the risk of penetrating bone during the heel stick b. Bilirubin is photosensitive, and this tube protects the specimen from light exposure c. This tube prevents the risk of cross-contamination d. Bilirubin needs to be in a microcontainer in order to test properly - correct answer -b. Bilirubin is photosensitive, and this tube protects the specimen from light exposure Hemolyzation occurs when a phlebotomist: a. Uses an incorrect needle gauge b. Transports a specimen incorrectly c. Follows an incorrect order of draw d. Fails to invert the tube - correct answer -a. Uses an incorrect needle gauge How many minutes should a phlebotomist rinse with water after receiving a chemical spill to exposed skin? a. 10 minutes b. 15 minutes c. 12 minutes d. 7 minutes - correct answer -b. 15 minutes When the tourniquet is tied too tight, the capillaries in the area may rupture causing which of the following? a. Rashes b. Pain c. Urticaria d. Petechiae - correct answer -d. Petechiae When explaining an at-home collection of a semen specimen to a patient, the phlebotomist should tell the patient to return within _____to deliver the specimen to the lab? b. The phlebotomist should still wear the latex gloves but be sure to keep them on for less than a 5-minute period c. The phlebotomist should wear the latex gloves inside-out to not get the latex powder on their hands d. The phlebotomist should proceed with the procedure without gloves, but ensure they was their hands with hot, soapy, water - correct answer -a. The phlebotomist should wear nitrile gloves Which of the following ensures that a phlebotomist is able to perform their job duties? a. OSHA b. HIPPA c. ICD-10 Codes d. CLIA - correct answer -d. CLIA A patient has signed a general consent form upon arriving at a clinic. The patient rolls up their sleeve and holds out their arm as the phlebotomist explains the procedure. What should the phlebotomist assume from this action? a. The phlebotomist should not assume and should verify verbally with the patient that they are ready to proceed, as well as check the patient's general consent form b. The phlebotomist should assume the patient wants them to stop explaining the procedure c. The phlebotomist should recognize this as a sign of implied consent from the patient d. The phlebotomist should assume the patient is apprehensive about the procedure and start their explanation over - correct answer -c. The phlebotomist should recognize this as a sign of implied consent from the patient Who should a phlebotomist refer to when checking on a medication peak levels for a patient to see when their last dose was taken, and to verify that the medication schedule is accurate before blood collection? a. The phlebotomist should ask the patient's emergency contact b. The phlebotomist should ask the attending nurse c. The phlebotomist should ask the patient directly d. The phlebotomist should ask the provider - correct answer -b. The phlebotomist should ask the attending nurse Blood is classified based on the presence or absence of antigens on the surface of what? a. Thrombocytes b. Erythrocytes c. Leucocytes d. Basophils - correct answer -b. Erythrocytes How much blood is found in the average adult body? a. 0.5 L b. 5.0 - 7.0 L c. 10.0 L d. 90.0 gallons - correct answer -b. 5.0 - 7.0 L In what order should a phlebotomist take the below steps when they are accidentally stuck with a used needle? a. Contact their supervisor, report for a medical evaluation, rinse the injured area with water, then report for the HIV evaluation b. Report for HIV evaluation first, then do the other steps in any order c. Contact their supervisor, rinse the injured area with water, report for HIV evaluation, then report for a medical evaluation d. Rinse the infused area with water first, then do the other steps in any order - correct answer -d. Rinse the infused area with water first, then do the other steps in any order When taking a blood sample to measure the trough level of a medication, a phlebotomist should: a. Wait 24 hours after the last dose to take the sample b. Take the sample immediately after the patient takes the medication c. Take the sample about 15 minutes before the patient receives the next dose of medication d. Wait 20-30 minutes after the last dose to take the sample - correct answer -c. Take the sample about 15 minutes before the patient receives the next dose of medication When a phlebotomist centrifuges blood in a Gray Top Tube containing an anticoagulant, which is the resulting fluid portion? a. Plasma b. Serum c. Nosocomial d. Dehydration - correct answer -a. Plasma To avoid damaging test results, a tourniquet should not be left on a patient's arm longer than: a. 30 seconds b. 180 seconds c. 60 seconds d. Hepatitis B virus - correct answer -d. Hepatitis B virus When drawing blood from a patient who has pneumonia, which PPE provides the BEST protection for a phlebotomist? a. Mask b. Gown c. Double gloves d. Goggles - correct answer -a. Mask What term best describes a red blood cell that bursts because the plasma that attached to it was not a match? a. Rhesus b. Fibrinolysis c. Agglutination d. Prothrombin - correct answer -c. Agglutination When drawing blood from a patient who has active tuberculosis, which PPE provides the best protection for a phlebotomist? a. Double gloves b. Gown c. N95 respirator d. Surgical mask - correct answer -c. N95 respirator Which of the following is the total blood volume of an infant who weighs 3.3 kg (7.3 lb)? (Refer to latrogenic Anemia in the Glossary for conversion information.) a. 300 - 350 mL b. 400 - 450 mL c. 240 - 300 mL d. 115 - 225 mL - correct answer -a. 300 - 350 mL Which of the following is the most critical mistake a phlebotomist can make? a. Failing to properly identify the patient b. Failing to collect a specimen c. Collecting a timed specimen late d. A hematoma - correct answer -a. Failing to properly identify the patient Which of the following additives is required in the tube when collecting specimen for a blood culture test? a. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate b. EDTA c. Sodium fluoride d. Gel serum separator - correct answer -a. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate In what order should a phlebotomist remove their PPE after finishing a procedure? a. Mask, goggles, gown, gloves b. Gown, mask, gloves, goggles c. Gloves, mask, goggles, gown d. Gloves, goggles, gown, mask - correct answer -d. Gloves, goggles, gown, mask If a patient has recently had a mastectomy on their right side, the phlebotomist should draw blood from the: a. Left thumb finger b. Right thumb finger c. Left arm d. Right arm - correct answer -c. Left arm If a patient were to complain of a sharp pain running up and down their arm during a blood draw, which of the following is the best action for a phlebotomist to take? a. The phlebotomist should ask the patient to take some deep breaths b. The phlebotomist should slowly re-angle the needle c. The phlebotomist should quickly finish the blood draw, then ask the patient to lie down d. The phlebotomist should release the tourniquet and remove the needle - correct answer -d. The phlebotomist should release the tourniquet and remove the needle Postprandial means which of the following? a. Fasting b. Before a meal c. After a mean d. After a procedure - correct answer -c. After a mean When a phlebotomist is washing their hands, they should make sure to: a. Dry off with a microfiber towel b. Use hot water for at least 5 seconds c. Turn on the faucet with soapy hands d. Use enough soap to form a lather - correct answer -d. Use enough soap to form a lather When blood is found in the urine of a patient, it is defined as which of the following? a. Hematuria The vascular phase of hemostasis is characterized by which of the following reactions? a. Platelets aggregate at the injured site forming a temporary platelet plug b. The temporary platelet plug is converted to a stable fibrin clot. c. The blood vessels constrict in response to injury d. There is breakdown and removal of the clot - correct answer -c. The blood vessels constrict in response to injury When blood cultures are ordered on an adult patient, which of the following materials should the phlebotomist bring? a. The phlebotomist should bring an aerobic bottle and an anaerobic bottle b. The phlebotomist should bring three anaerobic bottles c. The phlebotomist should bring three aerobic bottles and one SPS tube d. The phlebotomist should bring one aerobic bottle - correct answer -a. The phlebotomist should bring an aerobic bottle and an anaerobic bottle A phlebotomist is asked to collect a specimen from a patient in the Oncology department. A patient in this department is most likely being treated for which of the following? a. Diabetes b. Cancer c. Vascular disorders d. Pregnancy - correct answer -b. Cancer If a patient has a syncopal episode during a blood draw, what should the phlebotomist do first? a. The phlebotomist should use an ammonia inhalant to wake them up b. The phlebotomist should remove the needle, and then remove the tourniquet c. The phlebotomist should remove the tourniquet, and then remove the needle d. The phlebotomist should call for help - correct answer -c. The phlebotomist should remove the tourniquet, and then remove the needle Which of the following is incorrect about the Lavender Top Tube? a. It contains an anticoagulant which binds to calcium b. It is used to collect a specimen for a complete blood count c. It must be inverted several times immediately after drawing to ensure uniform mixing of blood and anticoagulant d. It is used to collect specimens for coagulation studies - correct answer -d. It is used to collect specimens for coagulation studies The boundaries for the approved area in performing heel punctures are which of the following? a. The medial line extending from the great toe and lateral line extending from the fourth and fifth digit b. The lateral like extending from the third toe and the medial line extending from the second toe c. The line extending from the third toe, dividing the plantar surface into medial and lateral aspects d. The line extending from the third and fourth toe, dividing the plantar surface - correct answer -a. The medial line extending from the great toe and lateral line extending from the fourth and fifth digit The Joint Commission created patient safety goals to direct healthcare workers and facilities in: a. Identifying the correct order of draw with every individual test b. Identifying patient safety risks c. Using sharp containers correctly d. Using appropriate needle gauges - correct answer -b. Identifying patient safety risks Which of the following actions should a phlebotomist take if they are with a patient when they notice the patient's laboratory results are ready? a. The phlebotomist should notify the supervisor on site and have them communicate the results to the patient b. The phlebotomist should read the results after verification from the patient c. The phlebotomist should send the results to the patient's provider d. The phlebotomist should mail the results to the patient's home address - correct answer -c. The phlebotomist should send the results to the patient's provider Blood cultures, also known as culture and sensitivity (C&S) testing, are taken to determine which of the following? a. Hormone levels in the blood b. Presence of microorganisms in the blood c. Lactose intolerance d. Drug dosing - correct answer -b. Presence of microorganisms in the blood Every time a phlebotomist clocks in for their shift, they notice that the sharps container on the phlebotomy tray is overflowing. Which of the following is the appropriate reaction to the situation? a. The phlebotomist should pick out and discard the excess needles by hand until the unit can be sealed and replaced