Nightingale Anatomy Practice Final exam questions fully solved & updated 2024.docx, Exams of Biology

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Nightingale

Anatomy

Practice Final

exam questions

fully solved &

updated 2024

A frontal plane is the same as a ________ plane. coronal Which branch of anatomy studies the structural changes that occur as one ages? developmental anatomy Previous Play

Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0: / 0: Full screen Brainpower Read More The gluteal region is ________ to the popliteal region. superior Which structure is located entirely within the right upper quadrant? gallbladder Regarding directional terms, superior means toward the head. The knee is ________ to the foot. proximal

The space that encloses the brain and spinal cord forms one continuous cavity called the _____ cavity. dorsal A coronal section through the human body can pass through both ears. Physiology is defined as the study of the _____ of a living organism. function Which letter indicates the umbilical region? B An example of a tissue in the body is epithelium Which letter indicates the mental region? A

Which organ is not found in the ventral body cavity? spinal cord All of the following are characteristics of human life except synthesis by scientists. Which letter indicates the popliteal region? E (behind the knee) The chest is ________ to the abdomen. superior The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into a cranial cavity and a spinal cavity. True The sternal region is ________ to the scapular region. anterior The abdominopelvic cavity is subdivided into the _____ cavities. abdominal and pelvic

The plane that divides the body into front and back portions is the _____ plane. coronal As an anatomical region, lumbar refers to the infero-medial aspect of the back. The body as a whole can be subdivided into two major divisions. They are axial and appendicular. Anatomy is defined as the study of the _____ of a living organism. structure The body as a whole can be subdivided into two major divisions. They are axial and appendicular. Another name for the midsagittal plane is median The inguinal region lies where the thigh joins the trunk. The brain is ________ to the skull. deep Muscles are ________ to the skin. deep

The ________ system is involved in immunity. lymphatic Which letter indicates the femoral region? D An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included? Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac We have an expert-written solution to this problem! An organization of many similar cells that are specialized to perform a certain function is called a(n): tissue Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of life?

Balance The lungs are located in the: thoracic cavity The number of abdominal regions is: nine The mediastinum contains all of the following except the: right lung. A frontal section divides the body into _____ portions. front and back Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum are examples of: organelles A plane through the body that divides the body into right and left sides is called: sagittal. We have an expert-written solution to this problem!

A surgeon removing a gallbladder should know to find it in the _____ region. right hypochondriac From smallest to largest, the levels of organization of the body are: chemical, organelle, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism. Popliteal refers to the: area behind the knee The structure that is called the "powerhouse" of the cell is the: mitochondria The brain is ______ as compared to the skull deep The abdominal quadrants are located with what structure as their midpoint? Umbilicus When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as a(n): tissue The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the:

heart The plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts is the _____ plane. transverse Blood production is a function of which system? Skeletal If your reference point is "farthest from the trunk of the body" versus "nearest to the trunk of the body," where does the knee lie in relation to the ankle? Proximal The reproductive system includes all of the following except the: ureter A plane through the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is: coronal We have an expert-written solution to this problem!

The gallbladder lies in the: abdominal cavity In anatomical position the wrist is ___________ as compared to the elbow inferior What is the anatomical direction term that means nearer the surface? Superficial Several kinds of tissues working together are termed a(n): organ. Which of the following does not describe anatomical position? Pinky is lateral as compared to the thumb The neck is ______ as compared to the right shoulder. Medial Two major cavities of the human body are: ventral and dorsal Molecules are: atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates.

An element that contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons is called a(n) isotope We have an expert-written solution to this problem! Which type of chemical reaction results in the breakdown of a complex substance into two or more simpler substances? decomposition reaction As the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) increases, the: Solution becomes more acidic and pH rises A weak acid: dissociates very little in solution. A substance that cannot be broken down or decomposed into two or more different substances is called a(n) element A force holding two atoms together is a(n)

chemical bond. As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH goes _____, and the solution becomes more _____. down; acidic Salts are electrolytes, will form crystals if the water is removed, can form as the result of a chemical reaction between acids and bases The water molecule has two distinct ends, each with a partial electrical charge. Because of this structure, water is said to be polar What term is used to describe all of the chemical reactions that occur in body cells? metabolism As a result of which reaction during catabolism is a water molecule added to break a larger compound into smaller subunits? hydrolysis The element oxygen has an atomic number of 8, which means it contains: eight protons.

A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between the outer shells of two atoms is called a(n) _____ bond. covalent The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen needed to form water is an example of a: synthesis reaction. An atom can be described as chemically inert if its outermost electron shell contains _____ electrons. eight Chemical bonds formed by the sharing of electrons are called: covalent Atoms with fewer than eight electrons in the outer energy level will attempt to lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms to achieve stability. This tendency is called the octet rule. A molecule that is polar: can form a hydrogen bond, and has unequal charge

Acids, bases, and salts belong to a large group of compounds called electrolytes Hydrogen bonds result from unequal charge distribution on a molecule. Such molecules are said to be polar The elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up which percentage of the human body? 96% The total number of electrons in a neutral atom equals the number of: protons in its nucleus. Ionic bonds are chemical bonds formed by the: transfer of electrons from one atom to another. The most abundant element essential to life is carbon Which subatomic particles carry a charge? Protons and electrons

The type of chemical reaction most likely to require energy is a(n) _____ reaction. synthesis Electrolytes are: called cations if they have a positive charge. Hydrolysis _____ a water molecule. breaks down compounds by adding The atomic number tells you the number of protons in the nucleus. What decomposition reaction requires the addition of a water molecule to break a bond? hydrolysis For sodium to transform from a neutral atom to a positive ion, it must: lose an electron. Which of the following is not a subatomic particle? Radon Which of the following bonds are the weakest? Hydrogen The octet rule refers to the:

stability of the atom when there are eight electrons in the outermost energy level. In the presence of a base, red litmus paper will: turn blue. A solution that contains a greater concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) than hydrogen ions (H+) is a(n) _____ solution. alkaline (basic) Which of the following represents a trace element in the body? Iron Acids are proton donors, taste sour, release hyrdrogen ions in an aquenos solution An example of a catabolic process is: hydrolysis The study of metabolism includes examination of: catabolism,anabolism.,ATP requirements. When atoms combine, they may gain, lose, or share: electrons

Which of the following is not one of the major elements present in the human body? Zinc The hydrogen isotope tritium consists of: one proton and two neutrons. Atomic mass is determined by the number of: protons and neutrons. An example of a catabolic process is: hydrolysis The process of the digestion of food is an example of which type of reaction? Decomposition A negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n): electron Which of the following elements is least likely to combine with another element? Helium An ionic bond is formed by: a positive and a negative ion attracting each other. The kind of element is determined by the number of:

protons An example of an element would be: Ne The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell? Four We have an expert-written solution to this problem! Approximately what percentage of the body weight of an adult female is water? 50% An isotope of an element contains different numbers of ____ from other atoms of the same element. neutrons As the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) increases, the: solution becomes more acidic.

Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The number of electrons found in the first shell is: two A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons. 12; 13; 10 Substances that accept hydrogen ions are called: bases AB + CD → AD + CB is an example of a(n) _____ reaction. exchange The type of reaction in which substances are combined to form more complex substances is called a(n) _____ reaction. synthesis The approximate pH of gastric fluid is: 2 A major function of the cell membrane is to control what enters and leaves the cell.

Which area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell? centrosome We have an expert-written solution to this problem! Which letter indicates the Golgi apparatus? D This organelle primarily modifies products from the rough ER, and it resembles a stack of hollow saucers, one cupped inside the next. Golgi apparatus Of the following, the only organelle that has a double membrane structure is the mitochondrion

Which of the following statements about integral proteins in the plasma membrane is false? They are more abundant by volume than the membrane phospholipids. This organelle has both a cis and a trans face. Golgi apparatus A spherical membrane-bound structure that contains the genetic material of the cell and is often referred to as the "command center" of the cell is the nucleus Which letter indicates the plasma membrane? b. plasma membrane Phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged as a bilayer with their nonpolar tails sandwiched between the polar heads.

Which letter indicates the rough endoplasmic reticulum? C This organelle is characterized by folded membranes called cristae. mitochondria Cisternae of this organelle are continuous with the nuclear envelope. rough endoplasmic reticulum This organelle is numerous in liver and kidney cells. peroxisome Which of the following is not a cytoskeleton element? centriole Which of the following cytoskeleton elements are the largest in diameter? microtubules

Which of the following is a type of cell extension that lines the intestines and other areas of the body? microvilli Ribosomes are organelles that float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. This organelle is primarily a sac of powerful digestive enzymes called acid hydrolases. lysosome Which letter indicates the mitochondrion? E Which letter indicates the nucleolus? A In the matrix of the plasma membrane, a variety of proteins are embedded. Some of

these proteins serve as passageway for Na+ ions or glucose. These proteins are called transport proteins. The outer boundary of a human cell is called the plasma membrane. Often referred to as the "power plant" of the cell, which organelle is the site of ATP production? mitochondrion The inside of the cell is composed largely of a gel-like substance called cytoplasm The plasma membrane is composed of all of the following except tubulin protein. Which type of junction is formed when membrane channels of adjacent plasma membranes adhere to each other? gap junction We have an expert-written solution to this problem!

This membranous organelle contains oxidase and catalase enzymes. peroxisome This membranous organelle is the site of protein synthesis for proteins that are secreted by the cell. rough endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes may be either free within the cytoplasm or bound to a membrane system known as the rough endoplasmic reticulum. A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the: flagellum Which of the following organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle? Ribosome Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? Surrounded by a membrane structure The nucleolus is composed chiefly of: rRNA