NR 228 Nutrition Final Exam Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Exams of Nutrition

Download NR 228 Nutrition Final Exam Multiple Choice Questions and Answers and more Exams Nutrition in PDF only on Docsity!

NR 228 Nutrition Final Exam Multiple

Choice Questions and Answers

What are some causes of fluid retention? (select all that apply) - Correct answer A. Excess sodium/sodium retention B. Kwashiorkor C. Water intoxication What can cause a sodium deficiency? (select all that apply) A. Dehydration B. Hypernatremia C. Diarrhea D. Liver Disease - Correct answer A. Dehydration C. Diarrhea What are some ways to treat GERD? A. Lay down after meals B. Avoid big meals C. Avoid tight clothing D. Avoid high fat foods E. Eat chocolate to ease stomach - Correct answer B, C, D Which of the following are monosaccharides? A. Glucose B. Sucruose C. Fructose D. Galactose E. Maltose - Correct answer A, C, D Which of the following are disaccharides? A. Glucose B. Sucrose C. Maltose D. Galactose E. Lactose - Correct answer B, C, E

Glucose is the main source of energy for ___? - Correct answer the brain and nerves What is the sweetest artificial sweetener? - Correct answer Sunette Which of the following are sources of complex carbohydrates? (select all that apply) A. Grapes B. Grains C. Legumes D. Apples E. Potatoes - Correct answer B,C,E What complications are related to gestational diabetes? (select all that apply) A. premature birth B. congenital abnormalities C. fetal death D. type 2 diabetes later in mother E. macrosomia - Correct answer A. premature birth B. congenital abnormalities C. fetal death D. type 2 diabetes later in mother E. macrosomia What could cause infant hypoglycemia? - Correct answer When the mother had consistently high blood sugar during pregnancy so the baby gets used to having high blood sugar and gets used to producing high levels of insulin What are the fat soluble vitamins? - Correct answer A, D, E, K What are some food sources for monounsaturated fatty acids? - Correct answer olive oil, peanuts, avocado, canola oil What are some food sources for polyunsaturated fatty acids? - Correct answer vegetable oils, fish, margarine,

What type of cholesterol increases risk of CAD when elevated? - Correct answer LDL Where are nonessential amino acids found? - Correct answer created in the body When is a positive nitrogen balance common? - Correct answer growing children, pregnant women, people recovering from illness or injury When is a negative nitrogen balance common? - Correct answer aging adults, physical illness, extreme stress, starvation, surgery, eating disorders What effect does the acid- base balance have on proteins? - Correct answer if acid- base balance gets off then proteins become denatured and are not able to perform their usual functions Whats the function of hemoglobin? - Correct answer transports oxygen in the blood What is a complete protein? - Correct answer contains all nine essential amino acids What are some food sources for complete proteins? (select all that apply). A. Meats B. Dark green veggies C. Eggs D. Dairy products E. Fruits - Correct answer A, C, D What are high quality proteins? - Correct answer contain best balance of essential amino acids and are easily digested What are food sources for high quality protein? - Correct answer Eggs, human milk What is an incomplete protein? - Correct answer lacks one or more EAA and will not support life What are some incomplete proteins? - Correct answer plant foods

What is a vegan? - Correct answer No animal products at all What is a lacto-vegetarian? - Correct answer no animal products except dairy Whats an ovo-lacto vegetarian? - Correct answer no animal products except dairy and egs What is marasmus? A. Lack of protein while get adequate caloric intake B. Deficient caloric intake, skin hangs on skin C. Wasting Syndrome D. Dumping syndrome - Correct answer B What is Kwashiorkor? A. Lack of protein while get adequate caloric intake B. Deficient caloric intake, skin hangs on skin C. Wasting Syndrome D. Dumping syndrome - Correct answer A Beriberi is related to what vitamin deficiency? - Correct answer B Thiamine What are some food sources of B1 Thiamine? - Correct answer lean pork, whole grains and flours, legumes, seeds and nuts What is Beriberi? - Correct answer Bi Thiamine deficiency. Ataxia and tachycardia What are some food sources for Folate? - Correct answer leafy green veggies, legumes, fortified grain cereals What is Scurvy? - Correct answer Vitamin C deficiency, gingivitis, joint and limb aches, bruising, death What is the cause of Rickets? - Correct answer Vitamin D deficiency What are some food sources for Vitamin D? - Correct answer animal related foods (butter, egg, liver)

What are some possible complications of Iodine Deficiency? - Correct answer Cretinism in pregnancy, goiter What is viral hepatitis? - Correct answer inflammation of the liver cause by mono or another viral infection How is hep A transmitted? - Correct answer oral-fecal How is Hep B transmitted? - Correct answer sexual contact or blood How is Hep C transmitted? - Correct answer blood, saliva, semen How is Hep D transmitted? - Correct answer from Hep B virus How is Hep E transmitted? - Correct answer oral fecal What is cirrhosis of the liver and what is its cause? - Correct answer buildup of fibrous connective tissue from alcohol abuse, hepatitis, metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases What type of diet is recommended for patients with liver cirrhosis? - Correct answer low protein What is ascites? - Correct answer accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity What diet plan would a patient with ascites need to follow? - Correct answer low sodium and possibly restricted fluids What is cholecystitis? - Correct answer pain, tenderness, fever, fat intolerance, nausea, heartburn, jaundice, steatorrhea What is the recommended diet to manage pain for a patient with cholecytitis? - Correct answer low fat diet What is gastroparesis? - Correct answer Delayed gastric emptying causing heartburn, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting fullness and bezoar formation

Gastroparesis is most common with what other disease? - Correct answer Diabetes type one CAD is associated with a high _DL level? - Correct answer L (LDL) What are some modifiable risk factors for CAD? - Correct answer hypertension, smoking, type two diabetes, obesity, diet, steroids Nutrition therapy for patient with or at risk for CAD? - Correct answer low fat Who is most at risk for developing hypertension? - Correct answer African Americans Lifestyle changes to lower blood pressure? - Correct answer reduce weight, decrease alcohol intake, decrease sodium intake, stop smoking, increase activity level What diet is used to help with hypertension? - Correct answer DASH Diet for Congestive Heart Failure? - Correct answer Reduce Sodium intake What is the function of Vit B12? - Correct answer Transport and storage of folate What are some clinical manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency? - Correct answer pernicious anemia and CNS damage Who is most at risk for a vitamin B12 deficiency? - Correct answer Vegans and vegetarians What vitamin deficiency causes scurvy? - Correct answer Vitamin C What is macrocytic anemia? - Correct answer RBCs are larger than normal but don't carry enough hemoglobin which is required to transport oxygen What type of diet is recommended for Hepatitis? - Correct answer liquid, then small meals, high protein

What is celiac disease? - Correct answer Autoimmune disease with inability to digest gluten containing grains (wheat, barley, rye) What is a clear liquid diet? - Correct answer Only foods that are clear liquid at room temperature (should not be used more than 24 hours) What is a full liquid diet? - Correct answer For patients who have difficulty swallowing, and liquids (juices) Enteral vs Parenteral - Correct answer Enteral is through GI tract (nasogastric), Parenteral is through central line What happens to the body during starvation? - Correct answer It uses stored carb, protein and fat to meet energy demands, decline in metabolic rate to prolong survival Whats the difference between stress and starvation related weight loss? - Correct answer During stress metabolic rate increases, starvation it decreases to prolong life Nutrition therapy for burn victims? - Correct answer fluid and electrolyte replacement What foods should a patient with dumping syndrome avoid? - Correct answer refined sugars, high fat What is hepatic encephalopathy? - Correct answer type of brain damage resulting from toxic ammonia buildup What are some symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy? - Correct answer confusion, change in LOC, behavior changes, personality changes What diet is recommended for patients with hepatic encephalopathy? - Correct answer high kcal (maybe low protein and push fluids) What diet should someone with CHF follow? - Correct answer low sodium What type of diet should a patient with COPD follow? - Correct answer increase kcal, adequate not excessive protein, don't overfeed

What is wasting syndrome? - Correct answer involuntary weight loss greater than 10% in 1 month with the presence of chronic diarrhea, weakness or fever Nutrition therapy for someone with wasting syndrome/HIV/AIDS? - Correct answer increase kcal and protein without expanding food volume What foods should be avoided with calcium based renal calculi? - Correct answer chocolate, spinach, rubarb, nuts, strawberries, tea (foods that increase oxalate) What is diverticulitis? - Correct answer inflammation of the diverticuli in the colon Nutritional Therapy for diverticulitis? - Correct answer liquid diet may be recommended temporarily, low fiber! What diet is recommended for a patient on dialysis? - Correct answer low sodium, phosphorus, and potassium Foods that should be avoided for patients with IBS? - Correct answer Fruits, diary, wheat, legumes, beans Whats the normal range for HDL? - Correct answer 40- Whats the normal range for LDL - Correct answer under 100 is optimal Whats the normal range for cholesterol? - Correct answer under 200