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NR 507 FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
For a patient with candidiasis which factor will exacerbate the condition? - ANSWER-systemic antibiotics If a patient has carbuncles, the infection will be located in the: - ANSWER-hair follicles A 16 year old female student is driving to school when another diver nearly hits her. Her heart begins beating harder and faster as she becomes aroused and scared. Which of the following states of the general adaptation syndrome is she experiencing? - ANSWER-alarm stage The signs and symptoms of a large bowel obstruction are: - ANSWER-abdominal distention and hypogastric pain A 45 year old male complains of heart burn after eating and difficulty swallowing? These symptoms support which diagnosis? - ANSWER-hiatel hernia A 20 year old male received a knife wound to the arm during an altercation. Which of the following types of immunity was compromised? - ANSWER-innate immunity A 54 year old male with a long history of smoking presents with a chief concern of excessive tiredness, shortness of breath and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal a decreased pH, increased CO2 and normal bicarb. These findings help to confirm the diagnosis of: - ANSWER- respiratory acidosis A patients anemia is described as having erythrocytes that demonstrate poikilocytosis. The FNP would recognize the erythrocytes would be: - ANSWER-able to assume various shapes
A 40 year old male's history includes being a vegetarian and abusing alcohol. Which of the following factors put him at greatest risk for developing folate deficiency anemia? - ANSWER- being alcoholic Chronic gastritis is classified according to the: - ANSWER-location of the lesions As a result of blockage in the pulmonary artery, blood would first back up into the: - ANSWER- right ventricle A 20 year old female presents with vaginal itch and thin walled pustular lesions and is diagnosed with candidiasis. This condition is caused by a: - ANSWER-fungus What is the primary clinical manifestation of a stress ulcer? - ANSWER-Bleeding A patient wants to know which malignant skin lesion is the most serious. The correct response is: - ANSWER-malignant melanoma Clinical manifestations of bile salt deficiencies are related to poor absorption of: - ANSWER-fats and fat-soluble vitamins a 10 year old develops pneumonia. Physical exam reveals subcostal and intercostal retractions. The child reports that breathing is difficult with feelings that, "I cannot get enough air." What term should the FNP use to document this condition? - ANSWER-Dyspnea A 39 year old diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer. Which of the following behaviors may have contributed to the development of the ulcer? - ANSWER-Regular NSAID use
Stress-induced norepinephrine results in? - ANSWER-peripheral vasoconstriction Having ejected a mature ovum, the ovarian follicle develops into a(n): - ANSWER-corpus luteum Which pancreatic enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates? - ANSWER- Amylase What term is used to identify an interlacing bundle of dense, white fibrous tissue that is richly supplied with nerves, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels? - ANSWER-joint capsule What type of fracture occurs at a site of preexisting bone abnormally and is a result of a force that would not normally cause a fracture? - ANSWER-pathologic fracture Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast motor) muscle fibers? - ANSWER-fast conduction velocity Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of which clotting factor? - ANSWER-IX Which period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propopagated? - ANSWER-refractory period Which clinical manifestations are associated with fibromyalgia? - ANSWER-sensitivity at tender points and prolonged fatigue The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women? - ANSWER- ovarian cancer
Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis? - ANSWER-dysfunctional uterine bleeding What is the target tissue for prolactin-releasing factor? - ANSWER-anterior pituitary A child with which genetic disorder has a characteristic cry? - ANSWER-Cri du chat In 95% of children of delayed puberty, the problem is caused by: - ANSWER-physiologic hormonal delays Which statement is true regarding maternal antibodies provided to the neonate? - ANSWER-the antibodies enter into the fetal circulation by means of active transport Which dietary lifestyle choice has been associated with decreased risk for developing colon cancer? - ANSWER-Decreased consumption of foods high in fat What is the suggested mean blood pressure for an 8 to 9 year old child? - ANSWER-106/ Graves disease is a result of: - ANSWER-Autoantibodies binding to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor sites Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because: - ANSWER-Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling Which of the following are formed elements of the blood that are not cells but are disc shaped cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting? - ANSWER-Platelets
Which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty - ANSWER-Leptin A major characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus is that there is: - ANSWER-an autoimmune cause factor Which neurotransmitter is inhibited in panic disorders? - ANSWER-Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Which type of microorganism reproduces on the skin? - ANSWER-bacteria and fungi The existence of hyperkalemia is likely to result in which changes in a persons electrocardiogram (ECG)? - ANSWER-Peaked T waves When renin is released, it is capable of which action? - ANSWER-formation of angiotensin I Which type of croup is most common? - ANSWER-viral A complex partial seizure is described as: - ANSWER-impairment of both consciousness and the ability to react to exogenous stimuli Carcinoma refers to the abnormal cell proliferation originating from which tissue organ? - ANSWER-epithelial cells What is the end product of protein metabolism that is excreted in urine? - ANSWER-Urea What causes the crystallization within the synovial fluid of the joint affected by gouty arthritis? - ANSWER-overproduction of uric acid
Which statement is true regarding pain and cancer? - ANSWER-pain is generally associated with late stage cancer When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs? - ANSWER-alloimmune which patient will develop active immunity? A patient who: - ANSWER-has natural exposure to an antigen or receives an immunization A 20 year old presents reporting difficulty breathing when lying down. What term should the FNP use to document this condition? - ANSWER-orthopnea What is the most likely cause of croup? - ANSWER-viral infections A 44 year old patient who demonstrates chronic gastrointestinal bleeding is diagnosed with anemia. What is the primary cause of the patient's anemia? - ANSWER-iron deficiency Which of the following is responsible for initiating clonal selection? - ANSWER-Antigens Which of the following would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis? - ANSWER- pneumonia A 52 year old male is diagnosed with urinary tract obstruction. While designing the treatment plan, the nurse realizes that the patient is expected to have hydronephrosis and a decreased glomerular filtration rate caused by: - ANSWER-dilitation of the renal pelvis and calyces proximal to the blockage A 12 year old child fell off a swing and scraped his right knee. The injured area becomes painful. What else with the FNP observe upon assessment - ANSWER-edema at injured site
The FNP is teaching the community about health promotion. Which information should the FNP include for innate immunity? - ANSWER-at brith Which statement indicates a correct understanding of antibodies? The most abundant class of antibody in the serum is: - ANSWER-IgG When a patient asks the FNP what hypersensitivity is, how should the FNP respond? Hypersensitivity is best defined as: - ANSWER-an excessive or inappropriate response of the immune system to a sensitizing antigen When the FNP is reviewing lab results and notices that the erythrocytes contain an abnormally low concentration of hemoglobin, the nurse calls these erythrocytes: - ANSWER-hypochromic A 25 year old female has heavy menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood. Which of the following adaptations should the nurse expect? - ANSWER-peripheral vasoconstriction Pityriasis rosea is caused (most likely) by a: - ANSWER-Virus Which complication is associated with gastric resection surgery? - ANSWER-Anemia A 50 year old is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. This condition is caused by: - ANSWER- Loss of muscle tone at the lower esophageal sphincter A function of the pericardium is to: - ANSWER-provide a barrier against extracardial infections
Prominent vesicular eruptions on the face and trunk. He reports that he had chicken pox as a child. Which of the following is most likely the diagnosis based on his chicken pox history? - ANSWER-herpes zoster
