NR 566 Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update, Exams of Advanced Education

Download NR 566 Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! NR 566 Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update Raloxifene (Evista) and bisphosphonates (alendronate, calcitonin) - Correct Answer-alternatives for hormone replacement therapy Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) - Correct Answer-Tamoxifen, toremifene, raloxifene -- provide estrogen benefits while avoiding its drawbacks Dysfunctional uterine bleeding - Correct Answer-10-14 day course of progestin Amenorrhea treatment - Correct Answer-progestin helps induce menstrual flow Amenorrhea estrogen levels are low - Correct Answer-give progestin for 5-10 days Long term progestin therapy - Correct Answer-protection against endometrial cancer Estradiol - Correct Answer-most active estrogenic compound. oral estrogen option Advantages of estrogen transdermal patch - Correct Answer- lower total estrogen dose. less n/v. less fluctuation of estrogen blood levels. lower r/f DVT, PE and stroke Femring - Correct Answer-intravaginal ring controls hot flashes and night sweats. Treats vulval and vaginal atrophy No gap method of changing from one OC to another - Correct Answer-go straight from one type of OC to the other without taking a gap. initiating OC treatment - Correct Answer-first day of menstrual cycle (no backup BC needed) OR first sunday after onset of menses (backup BC needed for 7 days) Initiating androgen therapy short term - Correct Answer- delayed sexual maturation causing a boy significant distress. PD tx for improving motor function - Correct Answer-levodopa PD tx for drug induced dyskinesias - Correct Answer-dopamine agonist COMT inhibitor - Correct Answer-Entacapone (Comtan). added to levo/carbidopa to increase levo concentrations & extend half life & decrease wearing off time Pramipexole side effects - Correct Answer-impulse control disorders, combined with levodopa causes orthostatic hypotension and dyskinesias Pregabalin - Correct Answer-Safest medication for seizure patients on OC Phenytoin - Correct Answer-can decrease effects of OCs, warfarin and glucocorticoids Migraine tx 1st line - Correct Answer-serotonin 1b/1d receptor agonists (triptans) First line migraine prevention - Correct Answer-propanolol Divalproex - Correct Answer-antiepileptic med reduce migraine attacks. Contraindicated in pregnancy Amitriptyline - Correct Answer-tricyclic antidepressant. Can prevent migraine/tension type headache. Orthostatic hypotension Preventative migraine meds - Correct Answer-propanolol, divalproex and amitriptyline Abortive migraine meds - Correct Answer-non specific NSAIDs, migraine specific analgesics, ergot alkaloids, dihydroergotamine Non-specific NSAIDS - Correct Answer-aspirin, naproxen, diclofenac and metoclopramide. Combos of acetaminophen +aspirin + caffeine Butorphanol nasal spray - Correct Answer-opioid analgesic for migraine Migraine specific analgesics - Correct Answer-SS 1b/1d receptor angonists (triptans) Triptans MOA - Correct Answer-constrict intracranial blood vessels and suppress release of inflammatory neuropeptides Sumatriptan contraindications - Correct Answer- contraindicated in pts with hx of ischemic HD, MI, uncontrolled HTN or other heart dz. Avoid in pregnancy Ergot Alkaloids and dihydroergotamine - Correct Answer-2nd line therapy after 1st doesnt work Pramipexole can cause - Correct Answer-sleep attacks (overwhelming and irresistible sleepiness) screening before pramipexol prescribing - Correct Answer- compulsive behaviors Memantine - Correct Answer-used to treat severe dementia/AD and reduces actions of chemicals in the brain contributing to AD. use in caution w pts hx of cardiovascular dz, hepatic/renal impairment or ophthalmic dz Donepezil (Aricept) - Correct Answer-tx moderate to severe AD. Cholinesterase inhibitors - Correct Answer-donepezil, rivastigimine and galantamine NMDA antagonist - Correct Answer-memantine Bipolar dz treatment (other drugs) - Correct Answer- anticonvulsants, clonazepam, lorazepam, oxcarbazepine, antidepressants, mood stabilizers and antipsychotics Mood stabilizers - Correct Answer-lithium and divalproex sodium Divalproex Sodium (Valproate) - Correct Answer-controls sx in acute manic episodes and can help prevent relapse into mania. Teratogen and can cause thrombocytopenia, pancreatitis and liver failure Carbamezepine (Tegretol, Equetro) - Correct Answer- approved for tx and prevention of manic episodes. Neuro side effects-- visual disturbances, ataxia, vertigo, unsteadiness, headache Lithium - Correct Answer-drug of choice for controlling manic episodes and for long term ppx against recurrence of mania or depression. monitoring is mandatory Lithium can accumulate to toxic levels in what sodium level... - Correct Answer-LOW SODIUM. edu patients to maintain normal sodium intake Diuretics and lithium - Correct Answer-these promote sodium loss and can increase r/f lithium toxicity NSAIDs and lithium - Correct Answer-increase lithium levels by 60% NSAIDs to prescribe when on lithium if necessary - Correct Answer-aspirin or sulindac bc they do not increase levels Lithium drug interactions - Correct Answer-diruetics, NSAIDs and anticholinergics Anticholinergics and lithium - Correct Answer-cause urinary hesitancy + lithium induced polyuria which can cause discomfort. AVOID antihistamines, phenothiazine, antipsychotics and TCAs Lithium level monitoring - Correct Answer-measure levels every 2-3 days during initial therapy and every 3-6 months during maintenance. Serum levels checked 5 days after any dosage change and 6 months thereafter LIthium can be toxic to what other organs - Correct Answer- renal and thyroid. Check renal/thyroid function every 6 months SSRIs for MDD - Correct Answer-fluoxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, fluvoxamine, paroxetine and sertraline Benzodiazepine - Correct Answer-first choice drug for ACUTE anxiety. onset of benefits is immediate. high abuse potential. (-pams) first gen antipsychotics side effects - Correct Answer- conventional. EPS-- acute dystonia, parkinsonism, akathasia and TD Second gen antipsychotics side effects - Correct Answer- sedation/weight gain, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects, neuroendocrine effects, sexual dysfunction trazadone - Correct Answer-useful for tx of insomnia due to antidepressants causing CNS stimulation (fluoxetine and bupropion) Zaleplon - Correct Answer-good for helping pts fall asleep Flurazepam - Correct Answer-good for falling and staying asleep. Long lasting sleep effects Zolpidem (ambien) - Correct Answer-most widely used hypnotic. rapid onset helps pts fall asleep. Extended release can help stay asleep benzodiazepines examples - Correct Answer-lorazepam, diazepam, alprazolam, clonazepam benzodiazepine-like drugs - Correct Answer-zolpidem, zaleplon, eszopiclone melatonin receptor agonist - Correct Answer-ramelteon (rozerem) Ginkgo biloba - Correct Answer-suppresses plt aggregation. interaction w/ warfarin. AE: stomach upset, HA, dizziness Echinacea - Correct Answer-stimulate immune function, suppress inflammation. avoid in pts with autoimmune dz. Interactions w/ immune suppressant drugs. AE: unpleasant taste, allergic rxns St. Johns Wort - Correct Answer-used for mild/mod depression and can manage local infections. Interactions: OCs, amphetemines, cocaine etc can cause fatal serotonin syndrome. Ginger Root - Correct Answer-used to treat vertigo & suppress n/v. High doses can cause spontaneous abortion. INteractions with antiplt drugs Flaxseed - Correct Answer-Used for constipation & dyslipidemias. Can use to fight hotflashes/menopause symptoms. take 1-2 hours after medications. AE: bloating, flatulence, abd discomfort Black Cohosh - Correct Answer-tx sx of menopause. potential hypotensive effects and hypoglycemic effects of meds. AE: liver inflammation and failure.