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NREMT EMR Exam Prep QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2023
Typology: Exams
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You arrive to find a 48 year old male complaining that his chest feels heavy. The patient is awake and talking to you. During your assessment, you note that his skin is pale, cool, and clammy. Your first step is to administer supplemental oxygen Which of the following is the correct flow of blood through the heart and lungs? inferior/superior vena cavae, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left ventricle, aor 00:0301: The mitral or bicuspid valve prevents blood from back flowing into the left atrium. Which of the following is NOT true of the treatment of an impaled object? remove to accommodate transport of the patient The electrical impulse generated in the right atrium is called the: sinoatrial node You are treating a patient that has been involved in a motor vehicle accident. You can lift a flap of skin on the patient's head. This type of injury would e referred to as a(n): avulsion Ligaments connect: bone to bone Which of the following heat emergencies is considered a true emergency? heat stroke Which of the following is NOT an imminent sign that birthing is going to occur? contractions are 5 minutes apart You are treating a patient who has overdosed on a narcotic. The greatest risk for this patient is: respiratory depression Which of the following patient characteristics does NOT represent a potential for violence?
large, muscular individual There are hollow and solid organs in the abdomen. The gallbladder is considered a hollow organ. A ruptured hollow organ such as the gallbladder is most commonly associated with: inflammation and infection 00:0201: The most serious side effect of alcohol consumption is Death You arrive on the scene of an incident where a 16-year-old male fell approximately 12 feet. That would be considered: not a significant mechanism of injury When assessing a 35-year-old patient complaining she is short of breath, you note that her breathing is in excess of 28 times per minute. This is considered: tachypnea You arrive on the scene of a patient who fell from a ladder. You should open the patient's airway by using: jaw thrust maneuver. You arrive on the scene, finding an unconscious patient. There are no other individuals in the vicinity to give any other information or permission to treat the patient. Even though the patient cannot give you consent to treat him, you begin to do so because of" A. expressed consent implied consent The AED is used to treat patients in: ventricular fibrillation You arrive on the scene to discover a 65-year-old female lying on the floor of her living room. Your first step in the care of this patient is to" assess level of consciousness You arrive on the scene to find an unconscious patient about 14 years of age. Where would you assess for a pulse on this patient? carotid artery The appropriate care for a patient with epistaxis is to: pinch the nostrils and have the patient lean forward. During your assessment of a patient's chest you note that the left side of the chest moves opposite to the right. This is called:
paradoxical movement A minute after a baby is born, the heart rate is less than 60 beat per minute. You should: begin chest compressions You arrive on the scene to find an unresponsive female patient who is in her car in the garage. The car is still running, and the door is closed. Looking through an outside window, your next action would be to: open the large garage door and any other outside openings. When you listen to the lungs of an asthma patient you would expect to hear: wheezes Tidal volume is best defined as the: volume of air inhaled in a single breath During transport of a patient with a head injury, what assessment factor will provide you with the most information regarding the patient's condition? mental status Which of the following would findings would be most significant during an assessment of a patient with a severe headache? unilateral weakness Seizures in children most often are the result of: an abrupt rise in body temperature A 34-year-old woman, who is 36 weeks pregnant, is having a seizure. After you protect her airway and ensure adequate ventilation, you should transport her: on her left side Snoring respirations are most rapidly managed by correctly positioning the head The scene size-up includes all of the following components, except: applying personal protective gear Which of the following actions should be carried out during the initial assessment? assessing the skin Firefighters have rescued a man from his burning house. He is conscious and in considerably respiratory distress. He has a brassy cough and singed nasal hairs. The most immediate threat to this patient's life is: closure of the airway - Immediately upon delivery of a newborn's head, you should first:
suction the mouth Which of the following conditions would most likely cause flushed skin? exposure to heat After a patient has a seizure, they will have a gradual state of awakening. This phase of a seizure is called: the postictal phase The process of losing heat through direct contact is called: conduction You are called to assist s SCUBA diver who is having trouble breathing. The patient states that it started approximately 15 minutes after she surfaced. She complains of chest pain, dizziness, blurred vision and nausea and vomiting. The patient is most likely suffering from: an air embolism You are called to the home of a 20-year-old male who is depressed. The patient states he is going to kill himself. Your first step in treating this patient after the scene is safe is to: ask the patient how he plans to kill himself The patient is bleeding severely from the lower leg. You have applied direct pressure and elevated the leg. Your next step is to: apply pressure at the pressure point When treating an eye injury involving an impaled object, it is important to: cover both eyes and stabilize the object You have successfully converted your cardiac arrest patient out of v-fib with your AED. The patient has a pulse and respirations are 6 per minute. You should: continue to assist the patient with ventilations via a BVM and oxygen Which of the following arryhythmias should be shocked using an AED? ventricular tachycardia A soft-tissue injury that results in a flap of torn skin is referred to as: an avulsion When is it most appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord? as soon as the cord stops pulsating. You are treating a patient with a fractured femur. The most appropriate splint to use for this patient would be: a traction splint Albuterol is a medication administered by:
inhalation You arrive on the scene of a tanker truck carrying a hazardous material. You should position your vehicle: all of the above You are treating a 35 year old conscious choking victim. The patient suddenly goes unresponsive. Your next step is to: perform CPR You are the triage officer at the scene of a mass casualty incident. Which of the following patients should be treated first? A 37-year-old female patient who is unresponsive When treating children, all of the following are important considerations except: that they should be treated just like adults When established a landing zone for a medical helicopter, the minimum area secured should be 100' x 100' A 20-year-old patient was sexually assaulted. The patient states that she is hemorrhaging profusely from the vagina. You should apply a sterile sanitary napkin A 45-year-old male was involved in a MVA. The patient is complaining of shortness of breath and chest pain. You recognize that the patient has JVD and the patient's pulse is weak and thready. You believe the patient has a pericardial tamponade. You distinguish that this is the problem with the patient by nothing or discovering narrowing pulse pressure You arrive on scene to find a patient who had a productive cough for the past two weeks. The patient is complaining of a fever and night sweats. Your next step would be to put the HEPA mask on You arrive at an emergency room to find that the nurses are busy taking care of other patients. You are getting off shift and want to get back to the station. You and your partner move the patient into a hospital bed, lay the report on the bed with the patient, and leave. You and your partner have just committed abandonment Which artery do you typically assess on an infant? brachial artery You are treating a patient suffering from anaphylactic shock. Which of the signs and symptoms would you likely see in this patient?
urticaria, tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypotension When you grab a backboard, you realize that blood remains from an earlier call. With your hand covered in blood, your first step towards decontamination should be: washing your hands with soap and water Which of the following is the most common cause of suicide? depression You are called to the scene of a possible drowning at a local pool. When you arrive on the scene, a bystander is holding the patient at the surface of the water. The patient is unconscious. Your next step is to: apply cervical and spinal immobilization You arrive on the scene of a patient who says that she was bitten by fire ants. She has bites all over her legs. Your first step in treating this patient would be to: apply high flow oxygen and remove any jewelry You are treating a patient with frostbite. Which of the following actions should be taken? remove any jewelry from the afflicted limb You are suctioning your patient's airway. One of the biggest side effects of suctioning is: hypoxia Which of the following are the signs and symptoms of shock in the early stages? tachycardia, anxious, restless, skin pale, cool, clammy Which of the following pressures is considered narrowed? 30 You are treating a patient with shortness of breath. You want to deliver 6 liters per minute of oxygen. You would deliver this flow rate with a: nasal cannula Which of the following is the first line of defense in fighting against infectious diseases? hand washing The production of insulin occurs in the pancreas You are treating a 62-year-old female patient who is complaining of shortness of breath, chest pain, and is coughing up a frothy sputum. You would suspect this patient has: left sided congestive heart failure
You arrive on the scene of a 2 year old that has a barking cough, low-grade fever, and cold-like symptoms. You suspect Croup The three main bones of the arm are the: humerus, ulna, and radius Which of the following is not considered a significant mechanism of injury for an adult? falls greater than 10 feet Your patient has what appears to be a dislocated shoulder. Treatment for this patient should be: sling and swathe the injured shoulder You arrive on the scene to discover a patient who refuses to allow you to touch her. You feel the patient is in need in treatment and attempt to take her blood pressure. You have just committed: battery You are assessing a 24-year-old male who was involved in a bar room brawl. Witnesses say the patient was struck with a barstool. The patient is unresponsive. You note battle signs on your assessment. This is a sign of: basilar skull fracture Your patient is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. The patient does not complain of any pain or tenderness in the abdomen during your assessment. The patient's pulse is 128 and he is having difficulty breathing. His skin is pale, cool and clammy. You noticed he has a jaundiced appearance. You would suspect this patient has: esophageal varices There are three stages of labor. In the second stage of labor. the baby is born You are at the scene of a mass casualty incident. Who is in charge of the overall scene? the incident commander You arrive at the scene of a possible unconscious patient located in a lab setting. On the exterior of the room there is a NFPA diamond with a 4 in the blue portion of the diamond. This is an: extreme health hazard You have just intubated a patient in cardiac arrest. Your partner tells you he hears breath sounds on the right side but not on the left. You would suspect: intubated the right stem bronchus You are attempting to intubate a patient. The vocal cords appear anterior and you are having a difficult time visualizing them. You could
ask your partner to perform the Sellick maneuver Which of the following medications is an EMT-B not allowed to assist the patient in taking? the neighbor's nitroglycerin for chest pain Which of the following is not part of the history or secondary exam? form a general impression of the patient In which age is capillary refill most useful? patients less than six years of age You are assessing a conscious patient complaining of chest pain. Which mnemonic will assist you in assessing the patient's current chief complaint? OPQRST The patient you are treating has white, waxy skin on both hands. The patient's hands feel as if they're frozen. They are swollen and you notice that blisters are forming. Which of the following would you not want to do in caring for the patient. rub the hands The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space The right side of the heart has a three-flap valve called the tricuspid valve Which of the following is a late sign of shock? hypotension You should never approach a helicopter from the: rear EMTs should wear high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirators when they are in contact with patients who would have which of the following? TB You are called to assist a 60-year-old female who consists of a severe headache. Upon entering the home, you smell a strong odor of natural gas. What is your first action? remove the patient from the house to your ambulance The most common electrical rhythm disturbance that results in sudden cardiac arrest is called: ventricular fibrillation Which of the following is the highest priority patient?
57 - year-old male with chest pain and systolic blood pressure of 80 Of the following, which body fluid has the most potential to transmit blood-borne diseases? amniotic fluid Your patient is an 11-month-old female. How can you determine if she was decreased mental status and is responsive to verbal stimuli? she will attempt to locate her parents' voices when they speak What is the best method to assess circulation in an infant? palpate the brachial pulse A 45 year old male is experiencing chest discomfort. After placing him in his position of comfort, your next action should be to administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 15L/min Which patient should receive a rapid trauma survey to determine hidden injuries? alert 2-year-old child in car seat who was in a medium-speed crash. After arriving at the hospital you notice blood on your stretcher. The most appropriate way to disinfect the stretcher is a(n) 1:10 ratio of bleach to water solution In which of the following situations may an EMT-B place their hands in a patient's vagina? to relieve pressure on a prolapsed cord Which of the following is NOT a risk for a stroke? hypervolemia During your assessment you find a possible fractured leg and hear the bones grinding together. This is called: crepitus You are the first on the scene of a mass casualty incident. Your responsibility is to begin triaging the patients To assess the motor function in the lower extremities of a responsive patient you want to ask the patient to wiggle his toes Which patient can safely receive only a focused physical examination rather than a rapid trauma assessment? 20 - year-old female who complains of severe pain in her ankle after stepping off a curb. Immediately after delivering a shock with an AED to a patient in cardiac arrest, you should: do CPR In which of the following situations should you call for immediate assistance?
you must care for two critical patients with gunshot wounds. The air sacs in the lung where oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange occurs are the alveoli Which of the following is a sign of inadequate breathing? accessory muscle use - Pink or bloody sputum is often seen in patients with flu A patient complaining of facial paralysis on one side of his face with tearing, localized pain, and sensitivity may be suffering from the most common form of facial paralysis called: bell's palsy A gurgling sound heard with artificial ventilation is a sign that the patient must be suctioned immediately If a person was hit by an object described in the following, which would have the potential to cause the most damage? one-pound object traveling at 30 mph Which rhythm often converts to ventricular fibrillation? ventricular tachycardia You are transporting a patient who has been resuscitated but is still unresponsive. You should check the patient's pulse every: 5 minutes What is the primary action of nitroglycerin? dilate the coronary arteries Patients commonly describe heart attack pain as which of the following characteristics? crushing or squeezing In pedestrian versus automobile impacts, which of the following statements are true? children often turn toward the impact and are often thrown down and under the vehicle Your patient has profuse bleeding from a wound on her lower leg but no signs of skeletal injury. The steps you should take to stop the bleeding in the correct order, are: direct pressure, elevation, pressure dressing and pressure point Where should you place your hands when using the head-tilt chin-lift maneuver to open an unconscious patient's airway?
on the forehead, with the fingertips of the other hand under the lower jaw When performing the modified jaw-thrust maneuver to open your patient's airway, which of the following steps is NOT correct? use your index fingers to push the angles of the lower jaw forward Following an explosion, a patient is trapped in a collapsed structure and suffers crush injuries to both lower extremities. How would the injuries be classified based on the blast-injury phase? tertiary blast injury When splinting an injured limb, you should assess pulse, motor function, and sensation distal to the injury before and after applying the splint The golden hour in emergency medicine refers to the first 60 minutes after the occurrence of multisystem trauma Your patient is a 25 - year-old female who is severely hypothermic after having plunged into an icy river. Although she was rescued after only a few minutes in the water, she is showing a diminished level of responsiveness. Your care should include covering the patient in blankets and turning up the heat in the ambulance Your unconscious patient has blood in his airway. You should: use a suction unit to immediately clear the airway Your patient is behaving abnormally but refuses treatment after falling down a flight of stairs. Before transporting the patient without consent, you should: ask bystanders to serve as witnesses You should not suction a patient's airway for more than 15 seconds because: the patient will become hypoxic during this time Which of the following is true regarding using a pocket mask to ventilate a nonbreathing patient? a one-way valve prevents exhaled air from contacting the rescuer To which patient should you administer oral glucose? 60 - year-old female behaving as if she is intoxicated, and whose daughter informs you that she takes insulin by injection The focused history for patients with altered mental status should include questions about a history of trauma, diabetes, seizures and which of the following? fever All of the following may be signs of an allergic reaction except:
decreased heart rate Under medical direction, the EMT-Basic may administer epinephrine to a patient with respiratory distress or hypoperfusion resulting from an allergic reaction if the: medication has been prescribed for this patient Ethics is best described as: the principles of conduct; concerns for what is right or wrong, good or bad A sign of generalized cold emergency, or hypothermia, is cool skin on the abdomen Which of the following indicates that a patient with hyperthermia is in serious danger? hot skin Your patient has been stung by a bee, and the stinger is present in the wound. You should attempt to remove it by: scraping it away with a rigid object In legal terms, a tort is a(n) civil wrong committed by one individual against another Which of the following are signs of early respiratory distress in children and infants? increased rate of breathing, nasal flaring, intercostal or supraclavicular retractions, mottled skin color, abdominal muscle tone Your patient is an 8-year-old female who had a single, brief seizure at school. Her mother arrives at the same time you do and reports that her daughter has seizures often and is under medical treatment. What should you do? ensure a patent airway and request medical direction regarding transport All of the following are signs of possible child abuse except a single, severe traumatic event that occurred for no reason The head of a newborn infant has just been delivered. You should suction the baby's mouth and nostrils with a bulb syringe Emergency care for a responsive 7-year-old child with a foreign body airway obstruction includes standing behind the child and performing sub-diaphragmatic thrusts A 2 year old male is in respiratory failure when he has altered mental status and breathing rate of 68 per minute A sign or symptom of a predelivery emergency is: profuse vaginal bleeding
Select the correct-sized oral airway for a small child by measuring from the corner of the patient's mouth to what structure: angle of the jaw Vitreous humor is found: behind the lens of the eye You are assisting with childbirth in the field. As the infant's head is delivered, you discover that the umbilical cord is wrapped tightly around the neck. You should immediately: clamp the cord in two places and cut it between clamps You have just assisted in delivering an infant with a pink body, a pulse rate of 106 per minute, and a good muscle tone. The infant is crying lustily. How should you care for this newborn? wrap the newborn in clean towels and give her to the mother to hold during transport The presence of a bloody show during the first stage of labor is a sign that labor is progressing normally Your patient has experienced a spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. You should treat the patient for shock What is the first treatment when a mother bleeds excessively from her vagina after delivery? massage her abdomen gently Emergency care for an infant when meconium is present in the amniotic fluid includes suctioning and notifying the hospital that meconium was present In addition to caring for injuries, emergency care for a rape victim should focus on which of the following? preserving evidence in a paper bag and reassuring the victim The reason to position a pregnant woman on her left side is to reduce the pressure of the fetus on maternal circulation The patient is a 29-year-old female pregnant with her second child. She is 39-weeks pregnant and a saw a bloody show approximately 4 hours ago. Her contractions are 2 minutes apart and lasting 60 seconds. Transport time is approximately 45 minutes. You should prepare for an imminent on-scene delivery When arriving at the scene of a possible hazardous materials incident, you would identify hazards by scanning binoculars from a safe distance For which of these procedures should you wear gloves, gown, mask, and protective eyewear? bleeding control with spurting blood
Which of the following situations represents your abandonment of a patient? you begin assessing a patient but turn responsibility for that patient over to a first responder. You are called to a store where a holdup has been committed. Police are already on the scene searching for the gunman. Through the store window, you see the store manager, who has been shot. You should wait until the police tell you it is safe to enter the scene What is the first thing you should do after receiving orders from the medical direction physician? repeat the orders exactly as you heard them. Your pregnant patient is experiencing contractions. She feels like she needs to move her bowels. This may indicate that birth is imminent Which statement about a patient's right to refuse care is correct? an adult patient who is of sound mind and understands the consequences can refuse treatment Which situation requires that an emergency patient be moved? your patient has undergone cardiac arrest while seated in a chair Bacterial meningitis has an incubation period of 2 - 10 days You can assess a pregnant woman's uterine contractions by placing your gloved hand on her abdomen, above the naval The purpose of incident management system is to provide a(n) orderly method for communications and decision making A 23-year-old pregnant female is bleeding profusely from her vagina. All of the following actions are appropriate EXCEPT: placing a sanitary napkin in the vagina In a multiple casualty situation, which patient should be assigned the highest priority? inadequate breathing, unresponsive, suspected internal bleeding Your patient is an 84-year-old female having difficulty breathing. Her daughter, age 45, is with her. When communicating with this patient, you should assume that she is competent and able to understand; speak respectfully Which statement about patient confidentiality is correct? a patient must sign a written release before any confidential information can be disclosed
Your patient, a 69-year-old male, is in cardiac arrest. His wife informs you that their physician has written a DNR order for the patient, but she does not have the written order. You should provide all necessary care to save the patient's life Your patient is a 6-year-old female who fell off her bicycle. She has a suspected broken ankle, no respiratory compromise, and no suspected internal injuries. After providing necessary care at the scene, you are transporting the child and her father to the hospital. The father loudly insists that you use your siren and lights en route. You should