NREMT EXAM 2025 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS | A+ GRADE, Exams of Nursing

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NREMT EXAM 2025 LATEST ACTUAL

EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT

ANSWERS | A+ GRADE STUDY GUIDE

A 45 year old male patient is experiencing chest discomfort. after placing him in his position of comfort your next action should be? Correct Answer Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 15L/min (there is no info to indicate that the patient requires ventilator support any patient experiencing chest discomfort should receive the highest possible concentration of oxygen) your patient is a 62 year old man with a history of heart disease. He is experiencing chest pain. Your first action should be to_____? Correct Answer Place him in a comfortable position and administer high-flow oxygen. (Your first action would be to administer oxygen and place the patient in a comfortable position; next, if not contraindicated, you would request permission to administer nitroglycerin. You should first obtain a set of vital signs to ensure he is not in cardiogenic shock. Never put defibrillator pads onto a conscious patient with a pulse; this procedure is contraindicated. AED pads are not serving the same function as the electrodes used by ALS providers to monitor the heart rhythm.) Which heart rhythm often converts to ventricular fibrillation Correct Answer Ventricular tachycardia

(ventricular tachycardia often converts to ventricular fibrillation, a life-threating heart rhythm that the AED is designed to correct) Patients commonly describe heart attack pain as which of the following characteristics? Correct Answer Crushing or squeezing (Myocardial pain is often difficult to determine because it can take on many different characteristics, however, patients most commonly describe the pain of a myocardial infarction as a crushing, squeezing pressure that radiates outward to the arms and upper back) Which patient is showing signs and symptoms of cardiac compromise? Correct Answer 53 year old woman: dull chest pain, sudden sweating, difficulty breathing Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen-rich blood out to the body tissues? Correct Answer Left ventricle (oxygen rich blood reaches the left atrium from the lungs via the pulmonary veins; then, the left ventricle pumps it out to the rest of the body) a 64 year old female has just collapsed in cardiac arrest. you are alone. after your initial assessment you should give two ventilations then Correct Answer analyze the rhythm, and deliver a shock if indicated (while ther is limited info that people extended periods of cardiac arrest may benefit form CPR before defibrillation, overwhelming info indicated that defibrillating very early in a "fresh" arrest situation will provide the best opportunity

for correcting the most common cause of cardiac arrest- ventricular fibrillation) List the contraindications for use of an inhaler Correct Answer - Patient has already taken the maximum dose

• The patient is breathing inadequately and not able to bring the medication deep into the lungs
• The inhaler is not the patients prescribed device (for assisting with the patients inhaler)
• Medical direction has not approved or directed use of the inhaler List three considerations for scene management when caring for multiple births Correct Answer Multiple births may be premature and require more aggressive care or resuscitation Multiple births create a "mini MCI" with the mother plus two or more neonates. make sure additional resources are called for early Not all patients (e.g. those who haven't had prenatal care) are aware they are carrying multiple babies. be alert for signs of additional pending births (e.g. large abdomen after delivering one baby) What are the side effects of nitroglycerin Correct Answer Hypotension (including dizziness, rapid pulse, postural hypotension, and syncope) Headache What is the difference between a "rescue" inhaler and a "controller" inhaler Correct Answer A rescue inhaler is

used in emergencies to relieve bronchoconstriction (e.g. asthma attack). Albuterol is an example of a rescue inhaler. Controller inhalers are for long term use and will not provide relief in an emergency. The controller inhalers usually contain a steroid which reduces chronic inflammation and mucus production. examples include Flovent and Advair What are hives, and what is its medical name Correct Answer Uticaria. (They are red or occasionally blanched, raised and are often itchy. the Release of histamine, bradykinin and other substances cause the leaking of plasma into the dermis creating hives) You will provide ventilations to a newborn if his/her pulse is less than____ and provide compressions to the newborn if the pulse is less than____ Correct Answer ventilations if pulse is less than 100- at a rate of 40-60/min chest compressions at a rate of 120/min if heart rate is less than 60 beats/min What happens in the lungs of the patient with asthma during an attack Correct Answer A trigger (e.g. allergies, exertion, viral infection) causes constriction of bronchioles in the lungs. Results in classic wheezing and difficulty breathing. asthma if not treated can cause mucous production which can make subsequent attacks worse.

Define Myocardial infarction Correct Answer Myocardial infarction is a clinical term for heart attack- occurs when blood flow stops to part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. How do you care for a new born immediately after delivery Correct Answer Dry the babyand keep them warm. assess the baby, baby should be moving and crying (both should be vigerous) Evaluate the babys breathing, heart rate what is the proper amount of air that should be injected to the cuff of an endo tracheal tube Correct Answer 10cc the space between the base of the tounge and the epiglottis is called? Correct Answer Vallecula (Vallecula is an important landmark in intubation; it is where the blade of a laryngoscope is placed to facilitate direct visualization of the glottis) what condition is characterized my gasping, labored breathing, and strange vocalizations? Correct Answer agonal Breaths (agonal respirations are also commonly seen in cases of cardiac arrest, and may persist for several minutes after cessation of heartbeat) what is the maximum amount of time that may pass while attempting an intubation? Correct Answer 30 seconds

(if you are unsuccessful with your intubation, you should always cease your attempt after 30 seconds, allow for the patient to be hyperventilated and try it again) What condition is characterized by a high pitched sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the upper airway? It may be inspiratory or present on both inspiration and expiration Correct Answer stridor (stridor is a severe upper airway obstruction) the inability to move enough air required for adequate perfusion is known as what Correct Answer Respiratory Failure (Respiratory failure is a medical term for inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system. Respiratory failure can be indicated by observing a drop in O2 saturation and breathing rate/quality which is not a correct technique for confirming correct ET tube placement Correct Answer visualizing rise and fall of chest (seeing movement of the chest wall does not garuntee correct et tube placement) two large tubes that bring air to and from the lungs are knows as what? Correct Answer bronchi (the trachea leads to the bronchi which lead to the bronchioles) What term refers to the expansion of the stomach caused by excessive ventilation pressures which causes excess

air to enter the stomach instead of the lungs Correct Answer Gastric Distention (gastric distention should be avoided as it often leads to vomiting and aspiration of said emesis) Which of the following is NOT a sign of adequate breathing? Correct Answer Breathing limited to abdominal muscles ( using abdominal muscles to breath is a sign of labored breathing NOT of adequate breathing) cyanosis can be checked by observing the patients___? Correct Answer Nail beds (Early signs of cyanosis often presents more clearly in the nail beds and lips) Oral and nasal airway should be Correct Answer used to keep the tongue from blocking the airway (when a patients is unconscious, the tongue has a tendency to fall back in the mouth and block the airway an oral or nasal airway is used to prevent this) which medication that will open bronchioles and increase effectiveness of breathing is typically used to treat a patient with shortness of breath? Correct Answer bronchodilators (Bronchodilators are used to dilate or widen the bronchioles allowing air to more easily flow through them. A common bronchodilator is albuterol)

blue or grayish coloration of the skin caused by lack of oxygen in the blood is called> Correct Answer cyanosis (cyanosis occurs when the oxygen saturation of arterial blood falls below 85-90%. it is often presented in the lips and nail beds first) you are preforming rescue breaths using an Ambu bad attached to 100% O2. After several breaths you notice the patients o2 saturation has dropped significantly. what should you do next Correct Answer reposition the patients head (this is a sign that you are not getting effective respirations. you should reposition the patients head using the head tilt/chin lift or jaw thrust maneuver and attempt respirations again) The normal heart rate for a newborn is Correct Answer 140 - 160 The normal heart rate for a child between the ages of 1- 6 Correct Answer 100 - 120 The normal heart rate for a child over 6 is Correct Answer 80 - 100 The correct flow of blood through the heart and lungs is Correct Answer Inferior/Superior vena cavae, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

What is the difference between angina pectoris and a myocardial infarction? Correct Answer Angina pectoris is caused by physical or emotional stress (Angina pectoris is typically caused by physical or emotional stress. symptoms usually last no more that 10 mins and are relieved by rest) your patient is an 80 year old male with shortness of breath. which of the following could your patient be suffering from? Correct Answer (geriatric patients do not always present the clear-cut signs and symptoms of cardiac problems. with limited information given, this patient could be suffering from any of the above cardiac conditions, plus a wide variety of pulmonary illness as well) the three flap valve located on the right side of the heart is the Correct Answer Tricuspid valve (divides the right atrium from the right ventricle) what does the mitral valve do? Correct Answer Prevents blood from back flowing into the left atrium (The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and ventricle and prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium) Your patient a 52 year old male complaining of dull, achy chest pains. He is alert and oriented but upon assessment, you notice his skin is pale, cool and clammy. What is your next step? Correct Answer Administer Supplemental oxygen

Cardiac Compromise Correct Answer Any type of heart problem. Cardiac compromise is a blanket term used to describe any type of heart problem. As an EMT-B it allows you to identify cardiac problems without going above your scope of practice an AED is used to treat patients is Correct Answer Ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia the normal heart rate for a new born (0-3 months) is Correct Answer 140 - 160 the two flap valve located on the left side of the heart is the Correct Answer Mitral Valve also known as the Bicuspid Valve. The three flap valve is called the Tricuspid valve Name the layers of the heart form the outside in Correct Answer Epicardium, Myocardium, and Endocardium what complain is often used to describe chest pain resulting from a cardiac event Correct Answer A ton of bricks. or an elephant sitting on my chest. A sharp stabbing pain is often a Pulmonary Embolism What artery carries deoxygenated blood and which vein carried oxygenated bleed? Correct Answer Pulmonary artery, and Pulmonary vein

which are not blood components that are responsible for clot formation Correct Answer Plaque you are dispatched to a residence of a 46year old female patient who is in severe abdominal pain and vomited twice before your arrival. she ate cheesecake right before. what is the cause of her pain Correct Answer acute gastroenteritis- may be caused by a bacterial or viral ingestion, toxic ingestion, or ingestion of lactose in a lactose intolerant patient. signs and symptoms include nausea, vomiting diarrhea, and abdominal cramping. your patient is a 32 year old male who was complaining of severe, crushing, feeling in the center of his chest and shortness of breath that began while he was mowing his lawn 45 mins prior to you arrival. he is now only responding to painful stimuli. presently his minute ventilation is still adequate, his pulse oximeter reads 95% on room air and you find his skin to be pale, cool, and diaphoretic. what would your initial action be. Correct Answer 12 - 15 L Oxygen by nonrebreather you are called to a nursing home for a patient with swelling in her legs. Upon arrival you find a 76 year old patient sitting in a wheelchair. assessment confirms pitting edema to both lower legs you are able to palpate a dorsalis pedal pulse bilaterally. her skin is pink and dry. her lungs are clear bilaterally. which conditions do you suspect Correct Answer chronic CHF. Edema to the legs or sacrum is often a result of right sided congestive heart failure. there may also be a jugular vein distention and ascites present

as well. the most common cause of right sided heart failure is left sided heart failure. therefore, you may not s&s of left sided heart failure as a dry hacking couch or coughing up pink frothy sputum, shortness of breath orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and fatigue. you arrive on the scene of a patient who fell from a ladder. which of the following questions is NOT an important factor in care of the patient? Correct Answer Height of the ladder You are dispatched to the scene of a 9 year old girl who has been struck by a car. Police are unable to reach her parents. what gives you the ability to treat the girl Correct Answer implied consent you are dispatched to a call for a injured man. as you approach the door of the home, a man opens the door and tells you "this is none of your business" and to "get out of here". What is the correct course of action in this case? Correct Answer return to the ambulance drive a safe distance away and call for police to help was correct If a patient refuses treatment and an EMT treats the patient anyway, what crime can the EMT be charged with. Correct Answer battery This practice of protecting yourself and your patient from the transfer of bodily fluids is known as what? Correct Answer Body substance isolation

What Law provides protection from legal action to someone who provides help to an injured person? Correct Answer good Samaritan law While responding, ambulances are particularly at risk of collisions in which areas? Correct Answer intersections you have called an air medical service to come pick up you accident victim form your scene. The helicopter contacts you when they are 5 mins out they ask for landing zone (LZ) info. which of the following should be included in this safety brief Correct Answer which of the following patients would be appropriate for air medical transport from your scene? Correct Answer 55 year old male high speed motor cycle accident v.s. a cement highway barrier arriving on scene of a multi-car-accident, the in charge EMT tells dispatch that they have arrived and what they have found/ "squad 3 is on scene. there is a three car accident. all patients are out and walking on the scene" what is this information called? Correct Answer scene size up while responding to a hazardous material incident, the EMT should approach the scene from Correct Answer Up wind, up hill, and up river EMS should set up in which zone during a HazMat incident Correct Answer Cold zone

when is it acceptable to take a patient directly from the hot zone without going through decontamination Correct Answer Never, no matter how sick the patient is they must be decontaminated Headlights are often overlooked as part of the emergency warning lighting system. Headlights should be used while Correct Answer On the road When You arrive at the receiving facility you must transfer care to the ED staff. by giving a report to the attending nursing staff about the past medical history, the patients complaint assessment, and interventions you have just allowed for what? Correct Answer continuity of care a female patient complains of chest discomfort. she tells you she has a heart condition and that she hasn't been feeling well for three or four days, which of the following would most lead you to believe the cause wasn't cardiac related? Correct Answer fever and chills- RATIONAL: fever and chills most likely indicate an infectious process like pneumonia. this is the stongest indication that the problem is not cardiac in nature. while a slight elevatin in temperature may e seen in a cardiac event, fever and chilled indicate a significant infection. the 3-4 day duration of the symptoms also matches an illness like pneumonia Acute coronary syndrome is Correct Answer a group of conditions brought on by reduced blood flow to the heart.

(RATIONAL:

Acute coronary syndrome is a term for a group of conditions that are caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. These conditions include myocardial infarction and unstable angina) which of the following is a sign of right sided heart failure? Correct Answer jugular venous distention RATIONAL: JVD is a sign of right sided heart failure since blood backs up upon returning to the heart. this engorges the jugular veins which return blood from the head. Prolapsed umbilical cord Correct Answer is on e the presents first(before the baby) during labor. this is a serious emergency because the babys head in the birth canal will occlude the cord against the vaginal wall and stop delivery of oxygen to the baby