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A series of multiple-choice questions and answers designed to prepare individuals for the national registry of emergency medical technicians (nremt) exam. It covers various aspects of emergency medical care, including patient assessment, triage, anatomy, physiology, and treatment protocols. The questions are presented in a format similar to the actual nremt exam, offering valuable practice for aspiring emts.
Typology: Exams
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In the START triage model, what is the respiratory rate that is used to identify priority 1 adult patients? a. greater than 25 breaths/min b. greater than 30 breaths/min c. greater than 20 breaths/min d. greater than 40 breaths/min - Correct Answer b. greater than 30 breaths/min EXPLANATION: The thresholds used for making a pt. a priority 1 (red) with the START model are: respiration greater than 30 breaths/min, poor skin color, pulse with a cap refill greater than 2 sec, and poor mental status. The spleen is located in the ________ quadrant. a. left upper b. right upper c. left lower d. right lower - Correct Answer a. left upper
For a patient to provide informed consent they must a. have informed a relative about the need for care and the care to be provided b. be alert and realize they are giving consent to care c. understand the benefits and risks of the car provided d. be in the hospital and receive information for a nurse or physician - Correct Answer c. understand the benefits and risks of the car provided EXPLANATION: Informed consent is different than expressed consent in that the patient understands the risks and benefits of the care to be provided. For a patient to refuse care, he or she must a. be legally able to consent to care b. sign a release form c. have a physician's order d. be uninjured - Correct Answer a. be legally able to consent to care Which of the following statements in reference to lifting and moving patients is true? a. lift with your back, not your legs b. place your feet shoulder-width apart c. keep the weight you are carrying as far from your body as possible d. use your stronger hand or side to compensate for the weaker side - Correct Answer b. place your feet shoulder-width apart You check a patient's blood glucose and find a reading of 692 mg/dL. You should suspect the patient to a. have an irregular pulse b. be comatose c. be experiencing stroke-like symptoms
d. be dehydrated - Correct Answer d. be dehydrated The right carotid artery originates from the a. brachiocephalic artery b. circle of Willis c. brachial plexus d. Internal thoracic artery - Correct Answer a. brachiocephalic artery A first responder report to you that her assessment reveals a patient who is incontinent, confused, and has lacerations on her tongue. These findings are consistent with a. a reaction to a bee sting b. hyperglycemia c. a seizure d. myocardial infarction - Correct Answer c. a seizure The movement of the arm away from the body is called a. abduction b. adduction c. extensioon d. flexion - Correct Answer a. abduction A patient was the passenger in a collision that caused significant intrusion into the passenger side door. You would suspect injury to the a. appendix b. liver c. pancreas d. spleen - Correct Answer b. liver
The suffix meaning pain is a. - able b. - algia c. - agogue d. - ary - Correct Answer b. - algia Examples: arthralgia (joint pain) and myalgia (muscle pain) Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack because it: a. reduces the associated chest pain b. prevents the aggregation of platelets c. causes direct coronary vasodilation d. dissolves the coronary clot - Correct Answer b. prevents the aggregation of platelets A 19 - year-old male was stung multiple times by fire ants. He is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock. You administer high-flow oxygen and give him epinephrine via intramuscular injection. Upon reassessment, you determine his condition has not improved. You should: a. request a paramedic unit that is stationed approximately 15 miles away b. transport him immediately and provide supportive care while en route c. consider that he may actually be experiencing an acute asthma attack d. repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control - Correct Answer d. repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control You are transporting a 33 - year-old male who was involved in a major motor vehicle crash. You have addressed all potentially life-threatening conditions snd have stabilized his condition with the appropriate treatment. With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital in 20 minutes, you should: a. take his vital signs in 15 minutes b. repeat your secondary assessment
c. reassess his condition in 5 minutes d. arrange for an ALS rendezvous - Correct Answer c. reassess his condition in 5 minutes A young male is unresponsive after overdosing on an opioid. He is not breathing and his pulse is weak. The EMT should immediately: a. administer naloxone b. begin chest compressions c. ventilate with a BVM d. request an ALS ambulance - Correct Answer c. ventilate with a BVM Angina pectoris occurs when: a. myocardial oxygen supply exceeds the demand b. myocardial oxygen demand exceeds the supply c. a coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque d. one or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm - Correct Answer b. myocardial oxygen demand exceeds the supply A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch occurs when: a. A ventilation is compromised, resulting in the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, alveoli, and the tissues and cells of the body. b. a traumatic injury or medical condition impairs the body's ability to effectively bring oxygen into the lungs and remove carbon dioxide form the body. c. ventilation is inadequate due to traumatic injury or medical condition, which results in an impairment in pulmonary gas exchange. d. a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen. - Correct Answer d. a disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen. When performing a secondary assessment on a conscious patient with non-traumatic abdominal pain and stable vital signs, you should:
a. focus on his or her chief complaint. b. examine the patient from head to toe. c. prepare the patient for transport first. d. only palpate tender areas of the abdomen. - Correct Answer a. focus on his or her chief complaint. As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is the: a. one person bag valve mask b. manually triggered ventilation device c. mouth to mouth technique d. mouth-to-mask technique with a one-way valve - Correct Answer d. mouth-to-mask technique with a one-way valve A 67 year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and chest discomfort that awakened her from sleep. She states that she has congestive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has been prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. her blood pressure is 94/84 and her heart rate is 120 bpm. Treatment for this patient includes: a. oxygen at 2 7/min vi nasal cannula. b. placing her in an upright position. c. nitroglycerin for her chest pain d. ventilations with a BVM - Correct Answer b. placing her in an upright position. Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense: a. slight decreases in carbon dioxide and an increase in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. b. increased levels of oxygen in the blood and a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. c. decreased levels of oxygen in the blood and an increase in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
d. slight increases in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. - Correct Answer d. slight increases in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid. you respond to a college campus for a young male who is acting strangely. after law enforcement has secured the scene, you enter the patients dorm room and find him sitting on the edge of the bed, he appears agitated. as you approach him, you note that he has dried blood around both nostrils. he is breathing adequately, his pulse is rapid and irregular, and his blood pressure is 200/110. treatment for this patient includes: a. asking law enforcement to place handcuffs on the patient. b. assisting his ventilations with a bag mask device. c. requesting a paramedic to administer naloxone (Narcan) d. attempting to calm him and giving him oxygen if tolerated. - Correct Answer d. attempting to calm him and giving him oxygen if tolerated. A 74 year-old woman complains of heaviness in her chest, nausea, and sweating that suddenly began about an hour ago. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. Her blood pressure is 144/84 and her heart rate is 110bpm. She took two of her prescribed nitroglycerin before your arrival but still feels heaviness in her chest. You should: a. transport her at once and wait at least 20 minutes before you consider assisting her with a third dose of her prescribed nitroglycerin. b. assist her in taking one more of her nitroglycerin tablets, reassess her blood pressure, and contact medical control for further assistance. c. recall that geriatric patients often have slower absorption and elimination times, which may necessitate modification fo the dosing for certain drugs. d. give her high-flow oxygen, avoid giving her more nitroglycerin because it may cause a drop hi blood pressure and transport. - Correct Answer c. recall that geriatric patients often have slower absorption and elimination times, which may necessitate modification fo the dosing for certain drugs. Today's EMS providers are trained according to the __________. a. 2010 Federal EMS Provider Standards b. 1995 U.S. DOT Guidelines
c. 2009 National EMS Education Standards d. 1999 National EMS Curriculum - Correct Answer c. 2009 National EMS Education Standards Which of the following has training in limited advanced life support skills, such as IV therapy? a. EMR b. AEMT c. paramedic d. EMT - Correct Answer b. AEMT Which of the following is required to work as an EMT? a. advanced training in hazardous materials b. a human anatomy and physiology course c. an associate's degree d. A current basic life support/CPR credential - Correct Answer d. A current basic life support/CPR credential EMS, as we know it today, has its origins in the 1966 __________. a. White Paper b. Red Report c. EMS Chronicles d. Prehospital Roundtable - Correct Answer a. White Paper one of the most important recent advances in prehospital emergency care is the__________. a. AED b. small-volume nebulizer c. auto-injector
d. pneumatic stretcher - Correct Answer a. AED A 37 - year-old male was pinned between a flatbed truck and a loading dock. On exam, you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds, and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging. You should: a. aggressively manage his airway b. request a paramedic ambulance c. suspect a severe hemopneumothorax d. perform a secondary assessment - Correct Answer a. aggressively manage his airway An air embolism associated with diving occurs when: a. the diver hyperventilates prior to entering the water b. the alveoli completely collapse due to high pressure c. high pressure forces air into the mediastinum d. the diver holds his or her breath during rapid ascent - Correct Answer d. the diver holds his or her breath during rapid ascent Airway management can be challenging in patients with Down syndrome because their: a. mandible is larger, which inhibits a mask-to-face seal b. tongue is relatively small and falls back in the throat c. occiput is round, which causes flexion of the neck d. teeth are misaligned and they have a large tongue - Correct Answer d. teeth are misaligned and they have a large tongue The main objective of traffic control at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is to: a. get oncoming traffic past the scene as soon as possible b. facilitate a route for the media to access the scene c. warn oncoming traffic and prevent another crash
d. prevent curios onlookers from observing the scene - Correct Answer c. warn oncoming traffic and prevent another crash A partial-thickness bur involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: a. fatty layer b. dermis layer c. epidermis d. muscle fascia - Correct Answer b. dermis layer A 70 - year-old man presents with a severe nosebleed. His medical history includes COPD, depression, and a hemorrhagic stroke 3 years ago. His BP is 190/110 mm Hg, his pulse is 100 beats/min, and his respiratory rate is 24 breaths/min. His medications include albuterol, sertraline (Zoloft), and multivitamins. Which of the following is MOST likely causing his nose bleed? a. his prescribed albuterol b. diabetic complications c. hemorrhagic stroke d. high blood pressure - Correct Answer d. high blood pressure Which of the following statements regarding the rapid extrication technique is correct? a. Rapid extrication involves heavy equipment to disentangle a patient from his or her crashed vehicle. b. The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle. c. It involves rapidly removing a patient from his or her vehicle after immobilizing him or her with a short backboard. d. The only indication for performing a rapid extrication is if the patient is not entrapped and is in cardiac arrest. - Correct Answer b. The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle. A 6 - month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. He is conscious, but his level of activity is decreased. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled
diaper in over 12 hours. The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. you should suspect: a. severe dehydration b. moderate dehydration c. hypovolemic shock d. mild dehydration - Correct Answer b. moderate dehydration Compared to adults, infants and children are at higher risk for hypothermia for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT: a. a decreased ability to shiver b. a smaller amount of body fat c. a relatively small surface area d. a smaller overall muscle mass - Correct Answer c. a relatively small surface area A "silent" heart attack occurs when: a. sweating is the only presentation b. a sudden dysrhythmia causes death c. the usual chest pain is not present d. the patient minimizes the chest pain - Correct Answer c. the usual chest pain is not present Common causes of syncope in older patients include all of the following, EXCEPT: a. vasoconstriction b. blood volume loss c. acute hypotension d. venous pooling - Correct Answer a. vasoconstriction A disease vector is defined as:
a. the spectrum of signs that define a disease b. any agent that acts as a carrier or transporter c. the period of time between exposure and illness d. the ability of a virus or bacterium to be spread - Correct Answer b. any agent that acts as a carrier or transporter Whenever possible, a female sexual assault victim should be: a. given the option of being treated by a female EMT b. asked to provide a brief description of the perpetrator c. encouraged to take a shower and change her clothes d. thoroughly assessed, even if no signs of injury exist - Correct Answer a. given the option of being treated by a female EMT General care for a patient with a tracheostomy tube includes all of the following, EXCEPT: a. suctioning the tube as needed to clear a thick mucous plug b. removing the tube if the area around it appears to be infected c. ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation at all times d. maintaining the patient in a position of comfort when possible - Correct Answer b. removing the tube if the area around it appears to be infected Which of the following statements regarding gonorrhea is correct? a. Mild infections with gonorrhea cause abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever b. symptoms of gonorrhea usually appear within 3 months of being infected c. most men who are infected with gonorrhea do not experience symptoms d. painful urination is a common symptom of gonorrhea in both men and women - Correct Answer d. painful urination is a common symptom of gonorrhea in both men and women Equipment and supplies that are carried on an ambulance should be stored:
a. as directed by the EMS system's medical director. b. in locked or secured cabinet in order to prevent theft c. according to the urgency and frequency of their use d. based on recommendations of the heath department - Correct Answer c. according to the urgency and frequency of their use Continual reassessment of the scene at a suspected terrorist weapon of mass destruction incident is MOST important because: a. a secondary explosive device may detonate b. bystanders may destroy the evidence weather conditions may change quickly d. terrorist are often at the scene after an attack - Correct Answer a. a secondary explosive device may detonate cerebral palsy is a condition that results from damage or injury to the: a. spinal cord b. peripheral nervous system c. brain d. voluntary muscles - Correct Answer c. brain A person is said to be obese when he or she is ________ over his or her ideal weight. a. 20% or more b. 30% or more c. 40% or more d. 10% or more - Correct Answer b. 30% or more An older woman with osteoporosis presents with pain and deformity to her left hip after she shifted her weight onto her other foot. She has MOST likely experienced a(n): a. pathologic fracture b compression fracture
c. comminuted fracture d. idiopathic fracture - Correct Answer a. pathologic fracture Bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is MOST suggestive of injury to the: a. stomach b. spleen c. liver d. kidney - Correct Answer c. liver During a HazMat incident, you are working in the treatment area. As patients are removed from the danger zone, you should: a. remain where you are and have the patients brought to you b. retrieve patients from the decontamination area and begin treatment c. quickly decontaminate the patients and begin assessing them d. perform a rapid assessment and then have them decontaminated - Correct Answer a. remain where you are and have the patients brought to you Aggressive ambulance driving may have a negative effect on other motorists because: a. they move to the right or drive as close to the curb as possible b. they often freeze when they see the lights in the rearview mirror c. they may become enraged and attempt to run you off the road d. it may not allow for their reaction time to respond to your vehicle - Correct Answer d. it may not allow for their reaction time to respond to your vehicle A precipitous labor and delivery is MOST common in women who: a. have gestational diabetes b. have delivered a baby before c. are pregnant for the first time
d. are younger that 30 years of age - Correct Answer b. have delivered a baby before A 45 - year-old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear-ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. she is conscious and alert, but complaints of pain to both of her knees. there is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. In addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees, you should be MOST suspicious for: a. posterior hip dislocation b. a thoracic spine fracture c. anterior hip dislocation d. fracture of the tibia or fibula - Correct Answer a. posterior hip dislocation