NREMT Practice Questions and Answers: Emergency Medical Technician Basics, Exams of Nursing

Download NREMT Practice Questions and Answers: Emergency Medical Technician Basics and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

You arrive to find a 48 year old male complaining that his chest feels heavy. The patient is awake and talking to you. During your assessment, you note that his skin is pale, cool, and clammy. Your first step is to: A. apply your AED B. administer supplemental oxygen C. obtain a past medical history D. assist the patient in taking his neighbor's nitroglycerin - correct answer ✅B (Your first step is to administer supplemental oxygen. When treating chest pain, it is important to get oxygen to the patient as soon as possible to help alleviate damage to the heart muscle.) Which of the following is the correct flow of blood through the heart and lungs? A. inferior/superior vena cavae, lungs, right atrium, right ventricle, left venntricle, aorta B. inferior/superior vena cavae, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium, left ventricle, aorta C. inferior/superior vena cavae, lings, aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, left ventricle D. inferior/superior vena cavae, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left ventricle, aorta - correct answer ✅D The mitral or bicuspid valve,

A. prevents blood from back flowing into the left atrium B. prevents blood from back flowing into the right atrium C. prevents the blood from back flowing into the lungs D. is located between the left atrium and the right ventricle - correct answer ✅A (The mitral or bicuspid valve is located between the left atrium and the left atrium and the left ventricle. It prevents the blood from back flowing into the left atrium.) Which of the following is NOT true of the treatment of an impaled object? A. remove if blocking the airway B. stabilize in place C. remove to accommodate transport of the patient D. control the bleeding - correct answer ✅C (The treatment of a patient with an impaled object includes: securing the object in place, exposing the wound area, controlling bleeding, and using a bulky dressing to help stabilize the object. The only time it is permissible to remove an impaled object is if it is impeding the breathing of a patient.) The electrical impulse generated in the right atrium is called the: A. atrioventricular node

B. purkinje fibers C. sinoatriual node D. bundle of his - correct answer ✅C You are treating a patient that has been involved in a motor vehicle accident. You can lift a flap of skin on the patient's head. This type of injury would e referred to as a(n): A. avulsion B. laceration C. evisceration D. puncture - correct answer ✅A (A puncture is created by an object that is typically sharp and pointed. A laceration is defined as a jagged cut. An evisceration is typically referred to as organs protruding.) Ligaments connect: A. muscle to bone B. bones to tendon C. bone to bone D. muscle to tendons - correct answer ✅C

Which of the following heat emergencies is considered a true emergency? A. heat cramps B. heat exhaustion C. heat infarction D. heat stroke - correct answer ✅D (Heat strokes are considered a true life threatening emergency. A heat stroke typically occurs after a patient as experienced heat cramps and heat exhaustion.) You are treating a patient who has overdosed on a narcotic. The greatest risk for this patient is: A. respiratory depression B. seizures C. hypertension D. hyperactivity - correct answer ✅A Which of the following is NOT an imminent sign that birthing is going to occur? A. crowning has occurred B. contractions are 5 minutes apart C. the patient feels the infant's head moving down her birth canal

D. the patient's abdomen is very hard - correct answer ✅B Which of the following patient characteristics does NOT represent a potential for violence? A. quick irregular movements B. threatening posture C. large, muscular individual D. loud, thunderous voice - correct answer ✅C There are hollow and solid organs in the abdomen. The gallbladder is considered a hollow organ. A ruptured hollow organ such as the gallbladder is most commonly associated with: A. severe bleeding B. inflammation and infection C. gall stones D. appendicitis - correct answer ✅B A 29 year old male has taken LSD. The patient appears very anxious and in a panic state. He is showing signs of paranoia. You should: A. agree withe everything the patient says B. restrain the patient

C. be aggressive and talk very straight and stern to the patient D. talk the patient down by reassuring the patient - correct answer ✅D The most serious side effect of alcohol consumption is: A. liver damage B. hepatitis C. death D. loss of consciousness - correct answer ✅C You arrive on the scene of an incident where a 16 year old male fell approximately 12 feet. That would be considered: A. a trauma alert B. a significant mechanism of injury C. not a significant mechanism of injury D. a case with a load 'n' go patient - correct answer ✅C (A patient over the age of 8 is considered an adult for most medical care purposes. A fall of greater than 20 feet is considered a significant injury in adults. If this had been an infant or child, it would have been a significant mechanism of injury since any fall greater than 10 feet would be considered a significant mechanism of injury.)

When assessing a 35 year old patient complaining she is short of breath, you note that her breathing is in excess of 28 times per minute. This is considered: A. neuropnea B. apnea C. bradypnea D. tachypnea - correct answer ✅D (Respiratory rates greater than 20 breaths per minute are considered tachypnea. Less than 12 breaths per minute is bradypnea and absent breathing is apnea.) You arrive on the scene of a patient who fell from a ladder. You should open the patient's airway by using: A. head-tilt/chin-lift B. jaw thrust maneuver C. neck-lift/head-tilt D. head-tilt/jaw-thrust - correct answer ✅B You arrive on the scene, finding an unconscious patient. There are no other individuals in the vicinity to give any other information or permission to treat the patient. Even though the patient cannot give you consent to treat him, you begin to do so because of" A. expressed consent

B. implied consent C. advanced directives D. emergency consent - correct answer ✅B The AED is used to treat patients in: A. asystole B. ventricular tachycardia with a pulse C. ventricular fibrillation D. pulseless electrical activity - correct answer ✅C You arrive on the scene to discover a 65-year-old female lying on the floor of her living room. Your first step in the care of this patient is to" A. begin chest compressions B. apply the AED C. maintain an open airway D. assess level of consciousness - correct answer ✅D You arrive on the scene to find an unconscious patient about 14 years of age. Where would you assess for a pulse on this patient? A. carotid artery

B. brachial artery C. femoral artery D. radial artery - correct answer ✅A The appropriate care for a patient with epistaxis is to: A. have the patient lay down and remain calm B. pinch the nostrils and have the patient lean forward C. pinch the nostrils and have the patient lean back D. have the patient lay in a supine position with his head lower than the body - correct answer ✅B (Epistaxis is a nose bleed. In these cases you should have the patient pinch their nose and lean forward.) During your assessment of a patient's chest you note that the left side of the chest moves opposite to the right. This is called: A. crepitus B. paradigmal motion C. subcutaneous emphysema D. paradoxical movement - correct answer ✅D

A minute after a baby is born, the heart rate is less than 60 beat per minute. You should: A. blow by oxygen B. attempt to stimulate the newborn C. aggressively warm the newborn D. begin chest compressions - correct answer ✅D You arrive on the scene to find an unresponsive female patient who is in her car in the garage. The car is still running and the door is closed. Looking through an outside window, your next action would be to: A. attempt and immediate rescue B. open the large garage door and any other outside openings C. wait for the car to run out of gas D. shut the car off immediately and remove the patie - correct answer ✅B When you listen to the lungs of an asthma patient you would expect to hear: A. wheezes B. rales C. stridor D. rhonchi - correct answer ✅A

Tidal volume is best defined as the: A. volume of air inhaled on a single breath B. volume of air that remains in the upper airway C. total volume of air that the lungs are capable of holding D. volume of air moved in and out of the lungs each minute - correct answer ✅A (average is 500 ml) During transport of a patient with a head injury, what assessment factor will provide you with the most information regarding the patient's condition? A. pupil size B. heart rate C. mental status D. blood pressure - correct answer ✅C Which of the following would findings would be most significant during an assessment of a patient with a severe headache? A. pain in both legs B. chest discomfort C. unilateral weakness

D. abdominal tenderness - correct answer ✅C Seizures in children most often are the result of: A. a life threatening infection B. a temperature greater than 102 F C. an abrupt rise in body temperature D. an inflammatory process in the brain - correct answer ✅C A 34-year-old woman, who is 36 weeks pregnant, is having a seizure. After you protect her airway and ensure adequate ventilation, you should transport her: A. on her left side B. in the prone position C. in the supine position D. in a semisitting position - correct answer ✅A Snoring respirations are most rapidly managed by A. suctioning the oropharynx B. initiating assisted ventilations C. correctly positioning the head

D. inserting an oropharyngeal airway - correct answer ✅C The scene size-up includes all of the following components, except: A. determining scene safety B. applying personal protective gear C. assessing the need for assistance D. evaluating the mechanism of injury - correct answer ✅B Which of the following actions should be carried out during the initial assessment? A. assessing the skin B. palpating the cranium C. auscultating the lungs D. obtaining a blood pressure - correct answer ✅A Firefighters have rescued a man from his burning house. He is conscious and in considerably respiratory distress. He has a brassy cough and singed nasal hairs. The most immediate threat to this patient's life is: A. hypothermia B. severe burns C. severe infection

D. closure of the airway - correct answer ✅D (Because of the signs and symptoms that this patient is exhibiting, you must be immediately concerned with the potential for closure of the airway and be prepared to assist ventilations. Signs of airway burns include respiratory distress, singed nasal hairs, a brassy cough, difficulty breathing and coughing up soot sputum. Infection, the burns themselves and hypothermia should concern you; however, airway problems are the greatest threat to human life.) Immediately upon delivery of a newborn's head, you should first: A. dry the face B. cover the eyes C. suction the nose D. suction the mouth - correct answer ✅D Which of the following conditions would most likely cause flushed skin? A. shock B. hypoxia C. exposure to heat D. low blood pressure - correct answer ✅C (Flushed or red skin commonly is seen in patients who are exposed to heat. Fever can also cause flushed skin. Shock and low blood pressure

generally cause the skin to become pale, and hypoxia causes cyanosis, a bluish-gray tint to the skin.) After a patient has a seizure, they will have a gradual state of awakening. This phase of a seizure is called: A. the tonic phase B. the postictal phase C. the clonic phase D. an aura - correct answer ✅B The process of losing heat through direct contact is called: A. radiation B. convection C. conduction D. evaporation - correct answer ✅C You are called to assist s SCUBA diver who is having trouble breathing. The patient states that it started approximately 15 minutes after she surfaced. She complains of chest pain, dizziness, blurred vision and nausea and vomiting. The patient is most likely suffering from: A. pneumothorax B. decompression sickness

C. barotrauma D. an air embolism - correct answer ✅D (Any of these could be associated with dive incidents but these signs and symptoms are indicative of an air embolism. Divers who suffer from decompression sickness, or the bends, typically do not develop signs and symptoms of the bends for 12 to 24 hours after their dive. Barotrauma usually occurs as the diver is ascending or descending.) You are called to the home of a 20-year-old male who is depressed. The patient states he is going to kill himself. Your first step in treating this patient after the scene is safe is to: A. restrain the patient to prevent him from hurting himself B. ask the patient why he wants to do something so stupid C. ask the patient how he plans t kill himself D. turn the scene over to law enforcement - correct answer ✅C (At this point, the scene is safe and the patient does not appear to be a threat to anyone. Restraining him would not be appropriate. No matter how you feel about what the patient is going to do, it is inappropriate for you to say that the patient is going to do something stupid. You should continue your treatment of the patient and not turn the scene over to law enforcement.) The patient is bleeding severely from the lower leg. You have applied direct pressure and elevated the leg. Your next step is to:

A. apply a tourniquet B. apply direct pressure C. apply pressure at the pressure point D. elevate the arm - correct answer ✅C When treating an eye injury involving an impaled object, it is important to: A. cover both eyes and stabilize the object B. cover the affected eye and stabilize the object C. stabilize the object and do not cover either eye D. remove the object and cover both eyes - correct answer ✅A You have successfully converted your cardiac arrest patient out of v-fib with your AED. The patient has a pulse and respirations are 6 per minute. You should: A. continue CPR B. monitor patient C. administer 15 LPM via NRB D. continue to assist the patient with ventilations via a BVM and oxygen

correct answer ✅D

Which of the following arryhythmias should be shocked using an AED? A. asystole B. ventricular tachycardia C. pulseless electrial activity D. atrial fibrillation - correct answer ✅B A soft-tissue injury that results in a flap of torn skin is referred to as: A. an incision B. an avulsion C. an abrasion D. a laceration - correct answer ✅B When is it most appropriate to clamp and cut the umbilical cord? A. as soon as the cord stops pulsating B. after the placenta has completely delivered C. before the newborn has taken its first breath D. immediately following delivery of the newborn - correct answer ✅A You are treating a patient with a fractured femur. The most appropriate splint to use for this patient would be:

A. a ladder splint B. the other leg C. two board splint D. a traction splint - correct answer ✅D (A traction splint is used for femur fractures. Ladder splints are used for angulated fractures. Board splints are good to use for extremity fractures.) Albuterol is a medication administered by: A. injection B. inhalation C. absorption D. orally - correct answer ✅B (Albuterol is a bronchodilator) You arrive on the scene of a tanker truck carrying a hazardous material. You should position your vehicle: A. 2,000 feet from the tanker truck B. uphill C. upwind D. all of the above - correct answer ✅D

You are treating a 35 year old conscious choking victim. The patient suddenly goes unresponsive. Your next step is to: A. attempt to ventilate the patient B. perform CPR C. deliver 5 abdominal thrusts D. deliver 5 chest thrusts - correct answer ✅B You are the triage officer at the scene of a mass casualty incident. Which of the following patients should be treated first? A. A 37-year-old female patient who is unresponsive B. An 18-year-old male patient who is not breathing and has no pulse C. A 29-year-old male patient with a femur fracture D. An 8-year-old patient who is conscious but is having trouble breathing - correct answer ✅A When treating children, all of the following are important considerations except: A. the fact that they are more susceptible to hypothermia B. the padding is needed when immobilizing C. that they should be treated just like adults

D. that they have smaller airways - correct answer ✅C When established a landing zone for a medical helicopter, the minimum area secured should be A. 100' x 100' B. 200' x 200' C. 50' x 50' D. 60' x 60' - correct answer ✅A A 20-year-old patient was sexually assaulted. The patient states that she is hemorrhaging profusely from the vagina. You should A. do nothing and transport immediately B. apply a sterile sanitary napkin C. pack the vagina with sterile dressings D. have the patient squeeze her leg together and transport immediately

correct answer ✅B A 45-year-old male was involved in a MVA. The patient is complaining of shortness of breath and chest pain. You recognize that the patient has JVD and the patient's pulse is weak and thready. You believe the patient has a pericardial tamponade. You distinguish that this is the problem with the patient by nothing or discovering

A. decreased heart sounds B. patient has JVD C. narrowing pulse pressure D. patient is complaining of chest pain - correct answer ✅C You arrive on scene to find a patient who had a productive cough for the past two weeks. The patient is complaining of a fever and night sweats. Your next step would be to A. obtain a better medical history B. obtain vital signs C. immediately transport the patient to the hospital D. put the HEPA mask on - correct answer ✅D You arrive at an emergency room to find that the nurses are busy taking care of other patients. You are getting off shift and want to get back to the station. You and your partner move the patient into a hospital bed, lay the report on the bed with the patient, and leave. You and your partner have just committed A. abandonment B. negligence C. appropriate patient care

D. vicarious liability - correct answer ✅A Which artery do you typically assess on an infant? A. brachial artery B. carotid artery C. femoral artery D. radial artery - correct answer ✅A You are treating a patient suffering from anaphylactic shock. Which of the signs and symptoms would you likely see in this patient? A. urticaria, bradycardia, tachypnea, and stridor B. subcutaneous emphysema, bradycardia, dyspnea, and wheezing C. urticaria, hypertension, tachypnea, and tachycardia D. urticaria, tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypotension - correct answer ✅D When you grab a backboard, you realize that blood remains from an earlier call. With your hand covered in blood, your first step towards decontamination should be: A. contacting your Infection Control Officer B. washing your hands with soap and water C. completing exposure control forms

D. going to the emergency department for admission - correct answer ✅B Which of the following is the most common cause of suicide? A. alcohol B. drugs C. depression D. the holidays - correct answer ✅C You are called to the scene of a possible drowning at a local pool. When you arrive on the scene, a bystander is holding the patient at the surface of the water. The patient is unconscious. Your next step is to: A. being rescue breathing B. remove the patient from the pool C. start CPR D. apply cervical and spinal immobilization - correct answer ✅D You arrive on the scene of a patient who says that she was bitten by fire ants. She has bites all over her legs. Your first step in treating this patient would be to: A. apply high flow oxygen and remove any jewelry B. cleanse the bites with alcohol to remove the sting

C. transport the patient to the hospital D. use her epi-injector - correct answer ✅ You are treating a patient with frostbite. Which of the following actions should be taken? A. break any blisters on the wound B. apply direct heat to the affected area C. rub or massage the affected area D. remove any jewelry from the afflicted limb - correct answer ✅D You are suctioning your patient's airway. One of the biggest side effects of suctioning is: A. hypoxia B. aspiration C. suction power D. suction catheter clogging - correct answer ✅A Which of the following are the signs and symptoms of shock in the early stages? A. tachycardia, anxious, restless, skin pale, cool, clammy B. bradycardia, anxious, restless, skin pale, cool, and clammy