NREMT STUDY GUIDE questions with correct answers, Exams of Nursing

Download NREMT STUDY GUIDE questions with correct answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NREMT STUDY GUIDE questions with correct answers A) An exaggerated immune system response to any substance ans ✓✓ Which of the following MOST accurately defines an allergic reaction? A) An exaggerated immune system response to any substance B) Destruction of the immune system by an external substance C) A release of erythrocytes in response to a foreign substance D) A direct negative effect on the body by an external substance D) Oxygen via nonrebreather mask, supine position with legs elevated 6" to 12" and transport ans ✓✓ You are caring for a conscious, confused patient with left-sided hemiparalysis. His airway is patent and his respirations are 22 breaths/minute with adequate tidal volume. Treatment for this patient should include: A) Oxygen via nonrebreather mask, left lateral recumbent position, and transport. B) Assisted ventilation with a BVM, right lateral recumbent position, and transport C) An oral airway, assisted ventilation with a BVM, Fowler's position, and transport D) Oxygen via nonrebreather mask, supine postition with the legs elevated 6" to 12" and transport B) Kidney ans ✓✓ A young female presents with costovertebral angle tenderness. She is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Which of the following organs is MOST likely causing her pain? A) Liver B) Kidney C) Pancreas D) Gallbladder B) Assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic BP is less than 100 mm Hg ans ✓✓ A 62 year-old male presents with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin, but states he has not taken any. After administering 100% oxygen and contacting medical control you should: A) Begin immediate transport and request rendezvous with a paramedic unit. B) Assist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic BP is less than 100 mm HG C) Administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin before assessing his blood pressure D) Administer the nitroglycerin unless he has taken Viagra within the past 72 hours A) Assess for the presence of a brachial pulse ans ✓✓ You receive a call to a local daycare center for an unconscious 8-month-old infant. Upon arrival, you perform an assessment and determine that the infant is not breathing. After delivering two rescue breaths, you should: A) Assess for the presence of a brachial pulse. B) Begin chest compressions and request backup C) Immediately transport the child to the hospital D) Assess for a carotid pulse for 10 to 15 seconds D) Rocky mountain spotted fever ans ✓✓ You are dispatched to a residence for a young female who is "sick" The patient complains of a rash to her lower extremities and truncal area. Your assessment reveals a small, painful blister on her inner thigh. As your partner is taking the patient's vital signs, she states that she and her family returned from a camping trip 2 days ago. On the bass of this patient's presentation, you should suspect: A) Lyme disease B) An allergic reaction D) Maintain firm pressure to the head until it completely delivers D) Place him on his left side and administer oxygen via a nonrebreather mask ans ✓✓ What is the MOST appropriate management for an uninjured semiconscious 40-year-old male with respirations of 20 breaths/minute and adequate tidal volume? A) Place him in a supine position and assist ventilations with a BVM device B) Position him in a semi-sitting position and give oxygen via nasal cannula C) Place him in Fowler's position and give him 100% oxygen as needed D) Place him on his left side and administer oxygen via a nonrebreather mask C) Administer up to 25g of activated charcoal ans ✓✓ A 4-year-old male ingested an unknown quantity of Tylenol, the child's mother states that the ingestion occurred approximately 20 minutes ago. the child is conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. after contacting medical control, you should: A) Induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac B) Transport the child for definitive care C) Administer up to 25g of activated charcoal D) Give the child cold milk to absorb the Tylenol D) Record the time and dose of the injection on the run form ans ✓✓ A 50- year-old male was stung by a honeybee approximately 15 minutes ago. He presents with respiratory distress, facial swelling, and hypotension. After placing him on oxygen and administering his epinephrine auto-injector, you note that his breathing has improved. Additionally his facial swelling is resolving and his blood pressure is stable. Your next action should be to: A) Load him into the ambulance and transport to the hospital B) Visualize his airway to assess for oropharyngeal swelling C) Notify medical control of the situation and your treatment D) Record the time and dose of the injection on the run form C) Assess the scene for potential hazards ans ✓✓ You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a young male with abdominal pain. Your priority upon arriving at the scene should be to: A) Quickly gain access to the patient B) Notify dispatch of your arrival C) Assess the scene for potential hazards D) Place a paramedic ambulance on standby C) Place her supine and elevate her legs ans ✓✓ Shortly after assisting a 65- year-old female with her prescribed nitroglycerin, you note that she has become hypotensive and complains of dizziness. the patient remains conscious and her breathing is adequate. You should: A) Wait 5 minutes and reassess her BP B) Transport her in a Fowler's position C) Place her supine and elevate her legs D) Assist ventilations with a BVM device B) Advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification ans ✓✓ Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patient's condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should: A) Carry out the order and then carefully document it on the run form B) Advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification C) State that you will not carry out the order because it is inappropriate D) Obtain consent from the patient and then carry out the order as usual B) Obtain a description of how the seizure developed ans ✓✓ You arrive at a grocery store shortly after a 35-year-old male stopped seizing. Your assessment reveals that he is confused and incontinent of urine. The patient's girlfriend tells you that he has a history of seizures and takes Tegretol. When obtaining further medical history from his girlfriend, it is most important to: A) Determine if the patient is a known alcohol abuser B) Obtain a description of how the seizure developed C) Determine when he was last seen by his physician D) Ask her how long the patient has been taking Tegretol C) Have the bystanders stop CPR and assess the patient ans ✓✓ You are dispatched to a convenience store from a possible cardiac arrest. Upon arriving at the scene, you find town bystanders performing CPR on the patient, a 48-year-old male. Your initial action should be to: A) Assess the effectiveness of the bystander's CPR B) Quickly attach the AED and push the analyze button C) Have the bystanders stop CPR and assess the patient D) Request a paramedic unit and quickly attach the AED B) Extremity lift ans ✓✓ A 56-year-old female is found supine in a narrow hallway of her mobile home. She complains of severe weakness and dizziness, and states she is unable to walk. There is no evidence of trauma and the patient states that she did not fall. How should you and your partner move this patient to a more spacious area? A) Direct Carry B) Extremity lift C) Scoop stretcher D) Emergency move B) Acidosis and dehydration ans ✓✓ A 37-year-old female with a history of diabetes presents with excessive urination and weakness of 2 days' duration. You apply 100% oxygen and assess her blood glucose level, which reads 320 mg/dL. If the patient's condition is not promptly treated, she will MOST likely develop A) Severe insulin shock B) Acidosis and dehydration C) Complete renal failure D) hypoxia and overhydration B) Rapid eye movement ans ✓✓ You are assessing a conscious 55-year-old male with a sudden change in behavior. Which of the following clinical findings would be MOST suggestive of dysfunction of the patient's central nervous system? A) an irregular pulse B) Rapid eye movement C) Excessive tearing or crying D) Consistent eye contact with you C) Assess the brachial or umbilical pulse ans ✓✓ You have just delivered a full-term infant. His respirations are rapid and irregular and he has a strong cry. What should you do next? A) Allow the mother to hold her baby B) Clamp and cut the umbilical cord C) Assess the brachial or umbilical pulse D) Assist ventilations with a BVM Device D) Make her comfortable and provide emotional support ans ✓✓ You are summoned to a convalescent center for an 88-year-old female with an altered mental status. A staff nurse advises you that the patient has terminal cancer and that her physician stated that she would probably die within the next few hours; a valid don not resuscitate (DNR) is presented to you. When caring for this patient, you should: A) Depart the scene and allow her to die with dignity B) Start CPR if she experiences cardiopulmonary arrest C) Provide no interventions and transport to the hospital D) Make her comfortable and provide emotional support C) Provide rescue breathing, remove wet clothing, immobilize his spine, keep him warm and transport carefully ans ✓✓ A 20-year-old male was pulled from cold water by his friends. The length of his submersion is not known and was not witnessed. You perform an initial assessment and determine that the patient is apneic and has a slow, weak pulse. You should: A) Suction his airway for 30 seconds, provide rescue breathing, keep him warm, and transport at once B) Ventilate with a BVM device, apply a cervical collar, remove his wet clothing and transport rapidly C) Provide rescue breathing, remove wet clothing, immobilize his spine, keep him warm and transport carefully D) apply 100% oxygen via a nonrebreather mask, immobilize his spine, keep him warm, and transport rapidly D) Introduce yourself to the patient ans ✓✓ Upon arriving at the scene of a patient with difficulty breathing, you determine that the scene is safe. You enter the residence and find the patient sitting in a chair in obvious distress. Your first action should be to: A) Ask the patient whats wrong B) Obtain a set of baseline vital signs C) Assess the patient's airway status D) introduce yourself to the patient B) Push the infants head away from the cord ans ✓✓ While examining a woman in labor, you see the umbilical cord protruding from the vagina. You should: A) Carefully push the cord back into the vagina B) Push the infants head away from the cord C) Cover the umbilical cord with a dry dressing D) Gently pull on the cord to facilitate delivery B) Administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport ans ✓✓ A 59-year- old male presents with a sudden onset of severe lower back pain. He is conscious and alert, but very restless and diaphoretic. Your assessment reveals a pulsating mass to the left of his umbilicus. You should: A) Vigorously palpate the abdomen to establish pain severity B) Administer oxygen and prepare for immediate transport C) Place the patient in a sitting position and transport at once D) Request a paramedic unit to give the patient pain medication C) Notify your dispatcher of your delay and take an alternate route to the scene ans ✓✓ While en route to a call for a patient with chest pain, you encounter a bridge that is covered with fast-moving water and is not barricaded off. You should: A) Notify dispatch that you are out of service and have another unit respond B) Contact dispatch to have barricades placed and attempt to cross the bridge C) Notify your dispatcher of your delay and take an alternate route to the scene D) Use your ambulance as a barricade to prevent others from crossing the bridge A) Clamp the umbilical cord B) Begin chest compressions C) Administer free flow oxygen D) Initiate ventilatory assistance A) Demonstrate courtesy and speak with a professional tone of voice ans ✓✓ You are caring for a 35-year-old female with pregnancy-related complications. She is clearly experiencing significant stress and is crying uncontrollably. Your MOST appropriate action would be to: A) Demonstrate courtesy and speak with a professional tone of voice B) Discourage her from expressing fears until a counselor is available C) Explain to her that "everything will be alright" to calm her down D) Restrain her is she is extremely emotional and will not calm down B) Cardiovascular disease ans ✓✓ When assessing an elderly male who complains of nausea and generalized weakness, you find that he takes furosemide, atenolol, and Plavix. This medication regimen suggests a history of: A) Bacterial infection B) Cardiovascular disease C) Reactive airway disease D) Non-insulin-dependent disease D) Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using a blanket or clothes drag ans ✓✓ You and your partner enter the residence of an elderly couple, both of whom are found unconscious in their bed. There is no evidence of trauma. As you begin your assessment, you and your partner notice the smell of natural gas in the residence. Which of the following should be your MOST appropriate action? A) Perform a rapid assessment and then move the patients from the residence B) Request another ambulance to assist with the lifting and moving of patients C) Quickly exit the residence and request the fire department to move the patients D) Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using a blanket or clothes drag A) Defuse and control the situation and safely transport the patient ans ✓✓ In addition to ensuring his or her own safety, the EMT-B's responsibility when caring for a patient with a behavioral emergency is to: A) Defuse and control the situation and safely transport the patient B) Diagnose the patient's problem and provide definitive treatment C) Transport the patient directly to a specialized psychiatric facility D) Determine the underlying cause of the problem and offer advice D) A heart attack ans ✓✓ A 75-year-old male with a history of insulin- dependent diabetes presents with chest pain and a general feeling of weakness. He tells you that he took his insulin today and ate a regular meal approximately 2 hours ago. You should treat this patient as though he is experiencing A) Hypoglycemia B) An actual stroke C) Hyperglycemia D) A heart attack B) Transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route ans ✓✓ You respond to a residence for a child who is having a seizure. Upon arrival at the scene, you enter the residence and find the mother holding her child, a 2-year-old male. The child is conscious and crying. According to the mother, the child had been running a high fever and then experience a seizure that lasted approximately 3 minutes. You should: A) cover the child with wet towels and give oxygen via nasal cannula B) Transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route C) Advise the mother to take her child to the doctor the following day D) Call medical control and request permission to give the child tylenol B) Ask him if he has high blood pressure or has ever had a heart attack ans ✓✓ You are assessing a 60-year-old male with severe chest pain. When communicating with the patient, you should: A) Use medical terminology to ensure that the patient understands you B) Ask him if he has high blood pressure or has ever had a heart attack C) Avoid answering direct questions for fear of causing patient anxiety D) Ask him if he has ever been diagnosed with a myocardial infarction B) Transport at once and carefully monitor his condition ans ✓✓ You have just administered subcutaneous epinephrine to a 22-year-old male from his AnaKit. After properly disposing of the syringe, you should: A) Have him chew and swallow the antihistamine tablets B) Transport at once and carefully monitor his condition C) Prepare another dose of epinephrine in case it is needed D) Apply a chemical cold pack to the site of the sting or bite D) Move him into the cooled ambulance ans ✓✓ You are dispatched to a local high school track and field even for a 16-year-old male who fainted. The outside temperature is approximately 95 degrees F with high humidity. Upon your arrival, the patient is conscious, alert and complains of nausea and headache. His skin is cool, clammy, and pale. You should: A) Give him a liquid salt solution to drink B) Administer 100% supplemental oxygen C) Apply chemical ice packs to his axillae D) Move him into the cooled ambulance A) Retreat and notify law enforcement personnel ans ✓✓ A 75-year-old male with a terminal illness has died at home. As you and your partner enter the residence, a family member becomes verbally abusive, pushes you and states that you took too long to get there. You should: A) Retreat and notify law enforcement personnel B) Tell the family member that it is not your fault C) Subdue the family member until the police arrive D) Ignore the family member and assess the patient B) The possibility that she may experience a seizure ans ✓✓ A 35-year-old woman who is 30 weeks' pregnant presents with a severe headache and swelling in her hands and feet. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 148/94 mm Hg, a pulse of 100 beats/minute, respirations of 24 breaths/minute. During transport you should be most concerned with: A) Her prematurely delivering the baby B) The possibility that she may experience a seizure C) Using your lights and siren to clear the traffic D) Her hypertension causing a hemorrhagic stroke C) Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation ans ✓✓ A 23-year-old male experience severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and is producing copious bloody secretions from his mouth. How should you manage his airway? A) Suction his oropharynx with a rigid catheter until all secretion are removed B) Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and provide suction and assisted ventilations C) Altertnate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation D) Provide continuous ventilations with a BVM device to minimize tissue hypoxia D) Tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor ans ✓✓ While on duty, your partner asks you out on a date and touches you in an inappropriate location without your consent. You should: A) Tell your partner to quit kidding around and focus on his or her job B) Warn your partner that you will report him or her if it happens again C) Notify law enforcement personnel and have your partner arrested D) Tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor A) Long backboard ans ✓✓ You are attempting to resuscitate a 50-year-old male in cardiac arrest. He is on the second floor of his home. What is the MOST appropriate device to use when carrying him to the first floor? A) Long backboard B) Wheeled stretcher C) Folding stair chair D) Portable stretcher C) Prepare for immediate transport ans ✓✓ A 50-year-old male presents with an altered mental status. His wife tells you he had a "small stroke" 3 years ago, but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive, but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen, you should: A) Perform a rapid assessment B) Inquire about his family history C) Prepare for immediate transport D) Perform a detailed physical exam B) Package the patient and rapidly transport ans ✓✓ A 44-year-old construction worker fell approximately 20 feet. He is unconscious and unresponsive with slow, shallow respirations. After completing your rapid assessment and caring form immediately life-threatening conditions, your priority should be to: A) Obtain vital signs and SAMPLE history. B) Package the patient and rapidly transport C) Request a paramedic ambulance for backup D) Ask a coworker what caused the patients fall D) Determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler ans ✓✓ A conscious and alert 29-year-old female with a history of asthma complains of difficulty breathing that began after her morning jog. The temperature outside is 40 degrees F. On exam, you hear bilateral expiratory wheezing. After providing 100% oxygen, you should: A) Place her in a recumbent position to facilitate breathing B) Contact medical control and administer an antihistamine C) Call medical control and ask how to proceed with treatment D) Determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler D) Calmly identify yourself to the patient ans ✓✓ A 40-year old male intentionally cut his wrist out of anger losing his high-paying job. Law enforcement has secured the scene prior to your arrival. As you enter the residence and visualize the patient, you can see that he has a towel around his wrist and a moderate amount of blood has soaked through it. You should: A) Approach the patient with caution B) Quickly tend to the bleeding wound C) Tell the patient that you want to help D) Calmly identify yourself to the patient A) Irrigating the wound with vinegar and immersing his leg in hot water ans ✓✓ A 48-year-old male was stung on the leg by a jellyfish while swimming in the