NRNP 6540 - ADVANCED PRACTICE CARE OF OLDER ADULTS’ DIDACTIC EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

Download NRNP 6540 - ADVANCED PRACTICE CARE OF OLDER ADULTS’ DIDACTIC EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NRNP 6540 - ADVANCED PRACTICE CARE OF OLDER ADULTS’ DIDACTIC EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST VERSION 2025 GRADED A+ There are benign and lethal murmurs. Which of the following are true of lethal murmurs hospitalization is required when arrhythmias result from hemodynamic compromise Cardioversion pre hospitalization may be needed Aggressive therapeutic treatment is needed when symptomatic Underlying cardiac problems need to be discovered What are the classes of BMI for obesity Class 1 30-35 Class II 35-39.9 Class morbid >40 What is the screening tool for alcohol Cage It is positive if they answer yes to two or more and then perform a SMAST-G screening tool What are the hypertension guidelines for patients greater than 60 years of age 150/90 for patients without DM or CKD 140/90 for patients with DM or CKD Why would you initiate statins on elderly patients 1-cvd 2 - LDL >190 3-in patients age 40-75, LDL of 70-189 Was what is a positive malnutrition score Greater than 10 lb weight loss in 6 months Use the MUST tool Elderly population should you screen for hyperlipidemia Patients that have known hypertension, smoking, or diabetes What is the scales nutrition screening tool S-sadness, C-cholesterol, A-albumin, L- loss of weight E- eating problems, S - shopping problems What are the vision screening requirements of patients > 65 Snelling chart - annually Patients with hypertension or diabetes must have a dilated exam annually What are the hearing screening requirements of patients > 65 Asking questions about whether people say they appear to have problems with turning the volume up When should you screen for osteoporosis Women >65 Men > 70 You must use a dual energy dxa x-ray And perform at-score What is the T score for osteoporosis? Normal 1.0 Osteopenia -1 to -2.5 Osteoporosis -2.5 Severe osteoporosis < 2.5 and fragility fracture What are the mammogram screening requirements Age greater than 40-74 What are the colon cancer screening recommendations All patients over the age of 50 Colonoscopy every 10 years Sigmoidoscopy every 5 years Occult blood yearly What are the cervical cancer screening recommendations Age 21-65 > age 65 is not required What are the requirements for counseling patients > 65 Exercise, nutrition, tobacco, alcohol functional abilities are best assessed by Observed assessment of function What is a reference range in laboratory values How age or sexcan attribute to The leading cause of death in elderly Travelers worldwide Accidents What should be avoided in countries where food and water precautions are to be observed Salad buffet What insect precautions are not necessary to prevent insect-born diseases in the tropics Using 100% DEET on skin to prevent bites What is an example of a secondary prevention you could recommend order for older adults Check for a fecal occult blood Ali is a 72-year-old man who recently came to the US from Nigeria. He reports having BCG vaccination as a child. Which of the following is correct regarding a TB skin test Vaccination history is irrelevant, read as usual A 72-year-old woman and her husband are on a cross country driving Vacation. After a long day of driving, they stopped for dinner. Midway through the meal the woman becomes very short of breath, with chest pain and a feeling of panic which of the problems is most likely Pulmonary embolism Ivan is a 65-year-old man who is new to your practice. He is a history of COPD, CID, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. He has no immunization since his discharge from the military at age 25. Childhood diseases include chicken pox, measles, mom's, and German Measles. He prevents for a disease management visit. Which of the following immunizations would you recommend for Ivan Tdap, pneumococcal, influenza, zostovax Personal health history includes smoking one pack per day, consuming a case of beer every weekend and working as an assembler for the past 10 years. Family history is first grew relatives include hypertension, high cholesterol, heart attack, and type 2 diabetes. Leo's BMI is 32, BP today is 1:30 over 86 you order a fasting glucose, lipid profile of Secondary prevention A local chapter of a nurse practitioner organization has begun planning a community- based screening for hypertension at a local congregate living facility. This population was selected on the basis of A recognized element of high risk within this group Performing range of motion exercises on a client who has had a stroke is an example of which level of prevention Tertiary prevention The nurse practitioner demonstrates an understanding of primary prevention of Falls among the elderly through which management plan Provide information about medications, side effects, and interactions An example of an active strategy of health promotion for an individual to accomplish would be Beginning a Stress Management program You are working with an older male adult with a long history of alcohol abuse and a 30- year history of smoking. In recommending an intervention for this client you're responsibility is to Chest x-ray at the same time of PPD test What is primary prevention measures to decrease the incidence of disease What is secondary prevention? treating or controlling a disease or condition after it occurs What is tertiary prevention? Rehabilitative therapies and monitoring of health to prevent complications or further illness, injury, or disability What are some recommendations not to use with dementia patients Do not use antipsychotics as first line drug Do not recommend percutaneous feeding tubes Only use metformin in patients with Hemoglobin A1c of less than 7.5 What trip details are considered high risk in the elderly patient Longer than 3 weeks Mission, medical tourism, volunteerism, visiting friends or relatives Traveling alone Adventure-backpacking scuba diving Hostile, Budget Hotel, camp What is malaria chemoprophylaxis Subtropical areas in Africa South America, and South Asia What is travelers diarrhea -bacterial or parasitic -usually lasts 2-3 days -self limiting usually -only treat if severely ill, high fever, or lasts >7 days Treat with fluoroquinolones What are the exercise recommendations for older adults Strengthen muscles The best recommendation for a patient who states they have no equipment to exercise would be Improvise with recommended objects at home that can be used When the nurse practitioner recommends exercise for sedentary older adult, which of the following pieces of advice should be considered for all types of exercise Start low and go slow The evidence reflects that comprehensive geriatric assessment should be conducted Targeting the vulnerable and frail elderly Evidence-based geriatric assessment instruments available to the clinician Subacute cough lasting greater than 2 weeks The routine testing of tuberculosis should occur in all of the following vulnerable populations Nursing home residents Prison inmates Immunocompromised patients What is true about fluid balance in the elderly Thirst response decreases as a person ages Total body water decreases with age African Americans have higher rates of dehydration than white Americans Distinguishing delirium from dementia can be problematic since they may coexist the primary consideration in the differential is Rapid change and fluctuating course of cognitive function Presbystasis age-related decline in equilibrium or dynamic balance If dizziness has a predictable pattern associated with it common the clinician should first consider Hypoglycemia What are contributing factors to dysphagia Anticholinergics Drugs that increase reflux Inadequate intake of fluids with medication and meals Evidence shows that the most important predictor of a fall is A prior history of Falls The most cost-effective intervention used to prevent Falls Home modifications and Vitamin D supplements Chronic fatigue syndrome is best described as Fatigue lasting longer than 6 months and not relieved by rest Which form of headache is bilateral Tension Microscopic hematuria is defined as 3 or more RBCs on 3 or more samples of urine What are the associated risk factors of finding malignancy in a patient with hemoptysis Male sex Smoking history Over the age of 40 Recent weight loss is defined as A loss of greater than 10 lb over the past 3 to 6 months The most common cause of disability in the elderly is due to Arthritis Lipedema is best described as Bilateral distribution of fat in the lower extremities Drug-induced pruritus is distinguished because it is May occur right after the drug is taken or months later A form of syncope that is more common in the elderly than young adults is Orthostatic hypertension What is true about tremors Most individuals with Tremor do not seek medical attention Psychogenic Tremor is uncommon Tremor is more prevalent in whites than blacks Overflow incontinence is usually associated with bladder outlet obstruction Wandering is best described as Purposeful excessive ambulatory Behavior What are common disease causes of fecal incontinence Diabetes, shy dragger syndrome, toxic neuropathy, traumatic neuropathy, fecal infection What is a common musculoskeletal symptom of chest pain Costochondritis What is isotonic dehydration The most common type of fluid loss. Fluid is lost only from the extracellular fluid space, including both the plasma and the interstitial spaces. Circulation blood volume is decreased (hypovolemia) leading to poor tissue perfusion. What is hypertonic dehydration? When water loss exceeds electrolyte loss. Causes cellular dehydration and shrinkage. What is hypotonic dehydration? When electrolyte loss exceeds water loss. Causes a DECREASE in plasma volume. Severe unilateral periorbital pain <2 hours, ipsilateral Horner's syndrome, nasal congestion Cluster headache When should cystoscope be performed on a patient after hematuria Renal ultrasoundin addition with patients micro hematuria categorized as intermediate risk for malignancy What is life-threatening hemoptysis Greater than 100 ml in less than 24 hours Sudden onset of hemoptysis Probable PE What are common medications that can cause weight loss Antidepressants, digoxin, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers,laxatives,Flagyl,calcium carbonate, iron, potassium, NSAIDs,theophiland, Synthroid, anticolinergics What should be performed on a geriatric assessment for joint pain Swelling, deformity, decreased range of motion, crepitus,and whether there are multiple joints involved Cholinesterase inhibitors Examples of Cholinesterase Inhibitors Donepezil Rivastigmine Galantamine The comorbid psychiatric problem with the highest frequency and dementia is Anxiety When treating depression associated with dementia, which of the following would be a poor choiceAnd should not be prescribed Amitriptyline Miss James is a 78 year old and comes to the clinic for an annual checkup. The advanced practice registered nurse addresses the psychosocial needs of an older adult and specifically the needs for which of the following Dignity credibility and respect Mr sloveninsky 80 year old is unable to leave his home due to Mobility problems. Which patient factors might make the APR in consider conducting a social support assessment Making frequent appointments for consultation with the APRN 89-year-old is reporting bouts of agitation. The apron is counseling her family that these periods of agitations can be triggered by which of the following Approaches from other people The APRN is considering ordering medications to help control an older patient's agitationWhich medication should they order Psychotropic medications-including antipsychotics, anxiolytics and antidepressants An APRN is admitting a patientWho has diminished ability to ambulate and as difficulty with ADLs. When asked if he drinks alcohol he says yes the practitioner follows up with a psychosocial evaluation because His condition could be related to a long-term usage of alcohol or a new occurrence The daughter of a 7-year-old woman asked the APR and why her mother has had a change in functional ability recently.The mother has regularly been drinking for 40 years however her behavior is changingThe reply from the APRN should be Physical changes due to aging affect the body's metabolism of alcohol differently Older adults often have trouble sleeping due to age-related issues. What can the APRN suggest to help with insomnia Maximize daytime exposure to Bright Light during the day to help promote sleep What are some signs of bipolar with Mania or hypomania in a 67 year old Flight of ideas, rapid speech, grandiosity The APRN is assessing a 69-year-old man for possible bipolar. Which for the following are appropriate tests for to screen a patient for cognitive disorders related to bipolar disorder Diagnostic studies - CBC, CMP, toxicology, urinalysis, thyroid function test,Rapid plasma rhinogen, HIV, EKG Mini mental state examination St Louis University mental statu (slums) In 82-year-old is in rehab for a knee replacement. The APRN is visiting and find some confused, disoriented, and having difficulty speakingThe staff nurse says that his condition chain quickly over the last few hoursSome suggested orders would be Pulse oximetry,Evaluation for infection,Brain scan,Assessment for change in medications A 69-year-old is beginning to experience some cognitive decline. His son brings him to the practitioner for evaluation. The APRN assesses for which of the following signs or symptoms Cognitive decline is complex attention, executive function, learning, and memory Gradual onset and slow course of illness and progression Impaired ability to care for oneself Total or partial loss of ability to recognize familiar people A 75 year old is suffering from depression. He tells the API and that he is tired of feeling so low. He asked if depression is a normal part of aging.The APRN tells him the depression is which of the following Not a normal part of aging Can be related to nutritional deficiencies, especially vitamin B12 and D Triggered by one life event Compounded by learned helplessness, loss, and bereavement A 70-year-old being treated for geriatric depression. What would the APRN do for the treatment of the patient's depression Evaluate the present medication regimen Treat any comorbidity Order and SSRI Order Abilify A 90-year-old has a daytime caregiver. her daughter stays with her during the evening. The daughter suspect her mother is being abused. What should the APN inquire about Unusual bruising in areas that are not usually thought to be accident Weight loss are always being hungry in the evening Withdrawing from loved ones Physical signs include slap marks and unexplained Burns or blisters especially circular as from a cigarette An 84 year old has lost his wife 2 months ago. He goes to the APRN and complains of the same symptoms that his wifeHad before she died. Possible treatment options available to the APRN include which of the following Educate him on normal signs of grieving Time to remember his wife and discuss memories Provide emotional support Monitor current chronic medical conditions A 76-year-old comes in with a wound checked on her right leg she fell a month ago and the wound has not yet healed. She is concerned that something is wrong the APRN examines the wound and sees that it has been clean properly and has no signs of infection. The edges are approximated but the skin around the wound is red and tender to touch. The best response regarding Miss Williams wound concern is Cellulitis of the upper left arm Lymphangitis The treatment for cellulitis resulting from an open wound includes which of the following Oral antibiotics for mild cellulitis Dicloxacillin 500 mg four times a day as the antibiotic of choice Drug of choices typically given for 7 days Patient being treating for chemotherapy comes in and describes a couple of days of itching, burning, tingling on the left sidethe APRN advises the nursing staff to observe her vesicles for a few days. The patient ask why she is so sick. Which of the following responses from the APRN would be best We are not certain at this point. However these symptoms often occur before a break out of herpes zoster Because you had chickenpox as a child, and you now have a depressed immune system, the chance of developing herpes zoster is high Herpes zoster is more common in people 55 years and older Miss Peters and 82-year-old comes to the well Clinic to see an appear in for a bump on her ear. This growth has been there for almost a year but is recently grown. The area around the growth appears inflamed the APR and suggests a biopsy for which of these reasons The growth is elevated increasing in size The ear has high exposure to the Sun There is inflammation around the growth The patient is 82 years old The APRN is making patient rounds in a long-term care facility and is visiting a 95-year- old who has large amounts of fungus growing on his toenails. The staff nurse ask what can be done to help alleviate this nail fungus. Which of the following interventions does the APRN advise Wash and completely dry the feet and Toes daily Keep the patient's feet cool and dry Use aluminum acetate solution (Burrows solution) What is a stage 1 pressure injury? intact skin with localized area of non-blanchable erythema What is a stage 2 pressure injury partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis, dermis, or both What is a stage 3 pressure injury? Full-thickness skin loss Subcutaneous tissue and underlying fascia may be damaged or necrotic Bone, tendon, muscle NOT exposed May have undermining and tunneling What is a stage 4 pressure injury? a full-thickness skin and tissue loss, only it involves deep tissue necrosis of muscle, fascia, tendon, joint capsule, and sometimes bone What is an unstageable pressure injury involve full-thickness tissue loss but are impossible to accurately stage due to the wound bed being obscured by eschar or excessive slough What is a deep tissue injury? Localized area of discolored (purple or maroon) intact skin or blood-filled blister caused by underlying soft tissue damage resulting from pressure or shear. May be difficult to detect among individuals with dark skin tone. May include a blister over a dark wound bed; wound may become covered with eschar. What is the main contributing factor to pressure injury Pressure, Shear, adverse microclimate, and malnutrition Additionally moisture is cited as a related condition because it Alters the resiliency of the epidermis to external forces What are the main treatments for pressure injury I-infection-eliminate, reduced bioburden D-debride necrotic tissue -consider surgical, conservative, sharp, mechanical, enzymatic, biologic, autolytic I -insulate the wound P - protect the periwound tissue A - absorb excess exudate M-maintain a constant moisture level O - obliterate Dead Space P - prevent further injury Pharmacological treatment of pressure injury Most moisture retentive dressings are available without a prescription. Some antimicrobials such as silver sulfonamide and Bactroban, some antifungals fluconazole and some enzymatic debriding agents collagenase Common treatments for herpes zoster Acyclovir 800 mg 5 times a day for 7 days Patience with disseminated disease and those who are immunocompromised may need IV antivirals Glucocorticoids Capsaicin cream or Lidocaine patches Gabapentin or Lyrica Patients with involvement of the ocular should be consulted to see an ophthalmologist What are the common causes of cellulitis Beta - hemolytic streptococci,staphylococcus aureus,MSSA and MRSA, and occasional gram- negative organism What are the typical diagnostic test for cellulitis CBC,CRP,erythrocyte sediment rate, Patients with diabetes mellitus should have a radiograph of the area and an ESR to rule out the presence of osteomyelitis or necrotizing infection. Ultrasound can detect an abscess fascicular inflammation The importance of protecting the eyes from sunlight Information on age-related visual changes Nosebleeds are generally minor and non reoccurring, but when a patient is seen for this, a consultation with an ent specialist has indicated when which of the following conditions occurs Bleeding that is not controlled after 15 minutes of compression A second episode were occurs within a week Massive bleeding Being losses a decreased ability or inability to hear. The loss may involve the external, middle, or inner ear and can be unilateral or bilateral. Which of the following ideologies may result in hearing loss Sensorineural abnormalities Conductiveissues There is no specific diagnostic test for hordeolum or chalazion Unless it becomes recurrent. Which of the following may be a differential diagnosis for these conditions orbital cellulitis Contact dermatitis Acute dacryocystitis Which of the following systemic ideologies can cause retinopathy Hypertension Macular degeneration Diabetes1/2 A patient comes into the emergency department complaining of itching, burning, scaling, and redness in their eye. Symptoms have been going on for some time and are affecting vision. The aprn diagnosis blepharitis. Which of the following should the patient be educated on regarding treatment Cleanse the eyelid once per day with diluted baby shampoo Apply a warm compress to the eye once a day Oral tetracycline should be taken as ordered What causes eyelid swelling when you pull down the lid there is redness treat conservatively or if unresolved with injectable steroids into the eye Chalazion-disorder of the eyelid Disorder of the eyelid that causes small pustule or stye at the edge of the eyelid, treat with warm compresses or antibiotics if unresolved Hordeolum Greasy scales or dandruff like on the eyelid, treat with gentle shampoo and cotton balls Blepharitis Ectropian eversion or turning outward of the eyelid entropion inward turning of the rim of the eyelid What is orbital cellulitis? Inflammation of eye tissues behind the orbital septum. It most commonly refers to an acute spread of infection into the eye socket, usually from untreated sinusitis. MC in ages 7-12 It is a medical emergency What is the treatment for orbital cellulitis HOSPITALIZE WITH IV ANTIBX, and possible surgery if recalcitrant ((nafcillin + metrondizaole OR clindamycin OR ceftriaxone) Vanco if MRSA suspected Ct scan Most likely staff or strep What is dacryoadenitis? inflammation of the lacrimal gland Bacterial conjunctivitis pterygium winglike growth of conjunctival tissue extending to the cornea What is the treatment for a corneal abrasion 1. Irrigation/foreign body removal 2. Topical Abx QID x 3-5 days (erythro, cipro, ofloxacin, sulfacetamide) 3. Lubricants hourly 4. Pain control- NO TOPICAL ANESTHESIA OR STEROIDS Can you use pressure patching but contraindicated with a foreign body What is herpes simplex keratitis a major cause of blindness from cornal scarring, usually HSV 1 subtype and usually from latent reactivation the proliferating viris is within epithelial cells and then lyses the cells What is hyphema and its S/S? Accumulation of blood, mainly RBC's that disperse and layer within the anterior chamber. A severe hymphema obscures entire anterior chamber + will diminish visual acuity severely or completely. Injuries are graded on amount of blood in chamber (Grades I-IV). S/S: - Blood in anterior chamber - Deep, aching pain - Mild to severe diminished visual acuity - Increased intraocular pressure A patient comes to the health care provider's office for a check up. Aprn notes that the patient is 67 years old and is presenting with symptoms of dizziness, orthopnea, edema.The aprn begins a focused assessment of the Cardiovascular system The appearance knows that one risk factor for cad is atherosclerosis. The APRN should provide counseling on which factors that can be remediated to help prevent cad Cholesterol levels and smoking An older adult patient presents with a systolic bp of 150 and a diastolic bp of 80. Which statement is correct regarding the blood pressure reading isolated systolic hypertension is defined as sbp greater than 160 and a dbp of less than 90 A 79 year old man who lives with his daughter. His daughter provides excellent care for her father and wants to know which changes in his heart and circulatory system are due to aging in which to lifestyle choices What is systolic heart failure? Heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction <40% Is diastolic heart failure more common in men or women? Heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection factor, EF > 50% What are the classes of heart failure 1. NO limitation of activity 2. Slight limitation of activity 3. Marked limitation of activity but comfortable at rest 4. Symptomatic at rest What is the acc heart failure rating A-risk factors are present for heart failure without structural change, history of signs or symptoms or functional limitations B-risk factors and structural changes in the heart are present without signs or symptoms of heart failure C-risk factors, structural changes in the heart, and past or current signs or symptoms of heart failure are present. At this stage the patient is diagnosed with hf that does not regress back to former stages D-hf is refractory despite maximum medical management. Patients are symptomatic at rest or with minimal exertion Which bnp levels are suggestive of heart failure Greater than 500but is not a standalone test Mineral corticoid receptor antagonists Spirolactone-part of the gold standard of heart failure care What is recommended for heart failure patients as a combination therapy in patients who experience hypotension, hyperkalemia, angioedema, or renal insufficiency with ACE/ARB therapy Can be indicated in african American patients As is orbited and hydralazine What can cause potential harm in heart failure patients receiving ace/arb Aldosterone antagonist Which should be considered in the primary workup for hypertension Cmp, cbc, lipid panel, tsh, urinalysis, 12 lead ekg, echocardiogram and uric acid level What is postprandial hypertension A frequent cause of syncope and older adults. Defined as a drop in sbp by 20 mms within two hours of a meal, increase the risk of falls in older adults Is orthostatic hypotension Reduced barrow flex sensitivity with age and loss of arterial comp compliance, hypovolemia or polypharmacy A decrease in systolic bp of 20 mms or decrease in diastolic pressure of 10mm 's within 3 minutes of standing What is the hallmark of acute coronary syndrome A sudden imbalance between myocardial oxygen consumption and demand, which is usually the result of ca obstruction Angina in the absence of cad could be an early sign of Aortic stenosis The physical findings of mitral regurgitation S3 gallop holosystolic blowing murmur, radiates to the carotids Eccentric LVH Hypotension 67 year old female came in for an office visit presenting with symptoms of nasal congestion, itching, and sneezing and was diagnosed with rhinitis. Which of the following is true about the types of rhinitis Allergic rhinitis has an increased occurrence in those older than age 60 An 85 year old female who comes in to urgent care setting with reports of pleuritis, nasal congestion, fever, and general malaise. Influenza is diagnosed. Which comorbid issues would increase risk of severe illness and hospitalization Heart failure A patient presents to the clinic with flu like symptoms. The np knows that older adults a typically present with symptoms of influenza. Which influenza symptom is absent in patients who have received the flu vaccine Fever An older adult male comes to the clinic with worsening symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and sputum production. Spirometry is performed in fev slash fvc is less than .07 and fev1 is less than 80% predicted. According to the gold criteria in which stage of copd is this patient diagnosed Moderate copd is diagnosed with an fev fvc less than .07andand fev one less than 80 What is mild copd FEV1 > 80% What is severe copd FEV1 30-49% What is very severe COPD? FEV1 <30% 80 year old male was diagnosed with copd about 10 years ago and the symptoms are getting progressively worse. The patient is on a combination bronchodilation therapy with a saba and LABA he needs better symptom management. What would be the best addition to the medication regimen to control his symptoms Inhaled glucocorticoid Interact one step one of asthma treatment which type of medication is preferred as a controller and a reliever to reduce the risk of exacerbations As needed ICS/SABA Which of the following disorders has symptoms of acute onset of chest discomfort, dyspnea, dizziness, palpitations, and anxiety Pulmonary embolism Which of the following medications can cause drug induced pulmonary parenchyma disease Hydralazine Amiodarone, nitrofurantoin and closing, gold chemotherapeutic agents, and procainamide can cause pulmonary parenchymal disease Was diagnosed with a symptomatic aaa. The initial treatment is aggressive blood pressure control at which of the following readings should mean arterial pressure be maintained Between 60 and 70 Which medical specialist is the best referral for patients with symptomatic aaa Vascular surgeon Pvd is a disease that alters blood flow to and from the extremities and vital organs other than the heart. According to studies which of the following remains the most important risk factor for pvp Smoking Which of the following differential diagnosis should be considered with the diagnosis of pad Raynaud's phenomenon Patient education is very important for individuals with pid what educating about conservative management, which of the following are true regarding pad Controlling blood pressure Managing diabetes Smoking cessation is the most important thing to do Exercise and is an essential element of management Aaa is mostly atherosclerotic in nature but can also be caused by trauma, infection, and inflammation. Which of the following is a true statement regarding the tendency to develop aaa White people have a higher risk of developing There is a familial history associated Aaa is the 13th leading cause of death in the united states In treating aaa, arterial monitoring is recommended. Which of the following iv antihypertensive agents should be used to rapidly and consistently maintain blood pressure in the mean arterial pressure ranges Nitroglycerin Esmolol Nicardipine Lymphedema is characterized by swelling of the extremity. Which of the following symptoms is also presented with lymphedema Aching in the affected area Restricted range of motion Cellulitis How would you diagnose acute arterial ischemia Pain, pulselessness, paresthesia, pallor, paralysis Patient visits the npp because of a dull ache in her legs, edema that is worse at night, painful varicose veins, and skin changes.The np diagnosis her with venous disease which of the following would be appropriate management Elevation as much as possible during the day Compression stockings Trental 400 milligrams three times per day Topical steroid cream A 70 year old patient with venous ulcers to her right lower extremity due to venous disease. She has a history of multiple pregnancies and surgeries that have had her in a sedentary lifestyle. Which of the following would be possible contributing factors to her diagnosis Obesity Reduce mobility