NSG 3250 Adult Health I Exam 1 with answers, Exams of Nursing

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NSG 3250 Adult Health I Exam 1 with answers

Assessment |- |correct |answer |-The |systematic |collection |of |data, |through |interview, |observation, |and |examination, |to |determine |the |patient's |health |status |and |any |actual |or |potential |problems. Bundle |- |correct |answer |-A |set |of |three |to |five |evidence-based |practices |that, |when |implemented |appropriately, |can |measureably |improve |patient |oucomes Critical |thinking |- |correct |answer |-A |cognitive |process |that |utilizes |thinking |that |is |purposeful, |insightful, |reflective, |and |goal |directed |to |develop |conclusions, |solutions, |and |alternatives |that |are |appropriate |to |the |given |solution Evaluation |- |correct |answer |-Determination |of |the |patient's |response |to |nursing |interventions |and |the |extent |to |which |the |outcomes |have |been |achieved Evidence-based |practice |(EBP) |- |correct |answer |-a |best |practice |derived |from |valid |and |reliable |research |studies |that |also |considers |the |health |care |setting, |patient |preferences |and |values, |and |clinical |judgment Health |- |correct |answer |-According |to |the |World |Health |Organization, |it |is |a |complete |state |of |physical, |mental, |and |social |well-being |and |not |merely |the |absence |of |disease |or |infirmity. Health |informatics |- |correct |answer |-The |use |of |health |information |technology |to |improve |the |quality, |efficiency, |or |delivery |of |health |care Health |promotion |- |correct |answer |-focuses |on |the |potential |for |wellness |and |targets |appropriate |alterations |in |personal |habits, |lifestyle, |and |environment |in |ways |that |reduce |risks |and |enhance |health |and |well-being Implementation |- |correct |answer |-actualization |or |carrying |out |of |the |nursing |plan |of |care |through |nursing |interventions

Interprofessional |collaborative |practice |- |correct |answer |-employing |multiple |health |professionals |to |work |together |with |patients, |families, |and |communities |to |deliver |best |practices, |thus |ensuring |best |patient |outcomes Morality |- |correct |answer |-Specific |beliefs |or |actions |whose |outcomes |are |often |examined |utilizing |the |principles |of |autonomy, |beneficence, |nonmaleficence, |double |effect, |and |distributive |justice Moral |dilemma |- |correct |answer |-situation |in |which |two |or |more |ethically |plausible |principles |are |in |opposition |to |each |other |and |only |one |may |be |chosen Moral |distress |- |correct |answer |-internal |response |that |occurs |when |a |health |care |provider |believes |they |inherently |know |the |correct |ethical |action |that |is |needed |but |cannot |act |on |that |knowledge Moral |integrity |- |correct |answer |-virtue |composed |of |veracity, |fidelity, |benevolence, |wisdom, |and |moral |courage Moral |problem |- |correct |answer |-competing |moral |claim |or |principle; |one |principle |is |clearly |dominant Moral |uncertainty |- |correct |answer |-internal |conflict |that |arises |when |the |person |cannot |define |what |the |moral |situation |is |or |what |moral |principles |apply |but |has |a |strong |feeling |that |something |is |not |right Nursing |- |correct |answer |-according |to |the |American |Nurses |Association |(2015b), |"the |protection, |promotion, |and |optimization |of |health |and |abilities, |prevention |of |illness |and |injury, |facilitation |of |healing, |alleviation |of |suffering |through |the |diagnosis |and |treatment |of |human |response, |and |advocacy |in |the |care |of |individuals, |families, |groups, |communities, |and |populations" |(p. |1) Nursing |diagnosis |- |correct |answer |-A |clinical |judgement |concerning |a |person's, |family's, |or |community's |actual |or |potential |health |problems, |state |of |health |promotion, |or |potential |risk |that |can |be |managed |by |independent |nursing |interventions

Nursing |process |- |correct |answer |-a |systematic, |problem-solving |approach |for |meeting |people's |health |care |and |nursing |needs; |components |include |assessment, |diagnosis, |planning, |implementation, |and |evaluation Patient |- |correct |answer |-a |traditional |term |used |to |identify |someone |who |is |a |recipient |of |health |care Planning |- |correct |answer |-Development |of |measurable |goals |and |outcomes |as |well |as |a |plan |of |care |designed |to |assist |the |patient |in |resolving |the |diagnosed |problems |and |achieving |the |identified |goals |and |outcomes Precision |medicine |- |correct |answer |-using |advances |in |research, |technology, |and |policies |to |develop |individualized |plans |of |care |to |prevent |and |treat |disease Quality |and |Safety |Education |for |Nurses |(QSEN): |- |correct |answer |-a |project |whose |aim |is |to |develop |curricula |that |prepare |future |nurses |with |the |knowledge, |skills, |and |attitudes |(KSAs) |required |to |continuously |improve |the |quality |and |safety |of |the |health |care |system |through |demonstrating |competency |in |patient-centered |care, |teamwork |and |collaboration, |evidence-based |practice, |quality |improvement, |safety, |and |informatics Telehealth |- |correct |answer |-the |use |of |technology |to |deliver |health |care, |health |information, |or |health |education |at |a |distance The |Joint |Commission |- |correct |answer |-a |nonprofit |organization |that |accredits |hospitals |and |health |care |organizations Wellness |- |correct |answer |-The |ability |to |perform |well, |adjust |and |adapt |to |varying |situations, |and |report |feeling |well |and |harmonious Maslow's |hierarchy |of |needs |- |correct |answer |-Physiologic |needs |-> |safety |and |security |-> |belongingness |and |affection |-> |esteem |and |self-respect |-> |self-actualization Steps |of |nursing |process: |- |correct |answer |-1. |Assessment

2. |Diagnosis

3. |Planning
4. |Implementation
5. |Evaluation Activities |of |daily |living |(ADLs): |- |correct |answer |-personal |care |activities |such |as |bathing, |dressing, |grooming, |eating, |toileting, |and |transferring Adaptive |device |- |correct |answer |-a |type |of |assistive |technology |that |is |used |to |change |the |environment |or |help |the |person |to |modify |the |environment Assistive |device |- |correct |answer |-a |type |of |assistive |technology |that |helps |people |with |disabilities |perform |a |given |task Assistive |technology |- |correct |answer |-any |item, |piece |of |equipment, |or |product |system |that |is |used |to |improve |the |functional |capabilities |of |individuals |with |disabilities; |this |term |encompasses |both |assistive |devices |and |adaptive |devices Critical-care |nursing |- |correct |answer |-a |specialty |area |of |practice |that |provides |nursing |services |to |critically |ill |patients |across |the |lifespan |in |acute |care |settings |such |as |the |hospital |intensive |unit; |current |practice |settings |have |expanded |to |include |virtual |care |and |community |settings Home |health |nursing |- |correct |answer |-a |specialty |area |of |practice |that |provides |nursing |services |to |patients |across |the |lifespan |in |a |home |setting; |practice |roles |include |holistic |care |planning |which |incorporates |resource |and |service |coordination |as |part |of |an |interdisciplinary |team Impairment |- |correct |answer |-loss |or |abnormality |of |psychological, |physiological, |or |anatomical |structure |or |function |at |the |organ |level |(e.g., |dysphagia, |hemiparesis); |an |abnormality |of |body |structure, |appearance, |an |organ, |or |system |function |resulting |from |any |cause Instrumental |activities |of |daily |living |(IADLs): |- |correct |answer |-complex |skills |needed |for |independent |living, |such |as |shopping, |cooking, |housework, |using |the |telephone, |managing |medications |and |finances, |and |being |able |to |travel |by |car |or |public |transportation

Medical-surgical |nursing |- |correct |answer |-a |specialty |area |of |practice |that |provides |nursing |services |to |patients |from |adolescence |through |the |end-of-life |in |hospital-based |and |community-based |settings Orthosis |- |correct |answer |-an |external |appliance |that |provides |support, |prevents |or |corrects |joint |deformities, |and |improves |function Prosthesis |- |correct |answer |-a |device |used |to |replace |a |body |part Rehabilitation |- |correct |answer |-Making |able |again; |learning |or |relearning |skills |or |abilities |or |adjusting |existing |functions |to |meet |maximum |potential Rehabilitation |nursing |- |correct |answer |-A |speciality |area |of |evidence-based |practice |that |provides |holistically-focused |nursing |services |to |patients |who |have |been |incapacitated |by |illness |or |injury |or |are |facing |potentially |life-altering |health |conditions |throughout |their |lifespan Rehospitalization |- |correct |answer |-admission |to |the |hospital |within | 30 |days |of |a |prior |discharge |from |a |hospitalization Telehealth |- |correct |answer |-The |use |of |technology |to |provide |health |care |services Third-party |payer |- |correct |answer |-an |organization |or |insurance |company |that |provides |reimbursement |for |services |covered |by |a |health |plan Transfer |- |correct |answer |-Movement |of |a |patient |from |one |place |to |another, |such |as |a |bed |to |chair |, |chair |to |commode, |or |wheelchair |to |tub Transitional |care |- |correct |answer |-a |process |of |ensuring |consistency |and |coordination |of |care |as |patients |move |within |and |between |health |care |settings Ambulatory |surgery |- |correct |answer |-includes |outpatient, |same-day, |or |short-stay |surgery |that |does |not |require |an |overnight |hospital |stay

Bariatrics |- |correct |answer |-having |to |do |with |patients |with |obesity History |and |physical |- |correct |answer |-mandatory |form |completed |by |the |surgeon |that |gives |a |comprehensive |overview |of |the |patient's |history, |current |physical |status, |and |plan |of |care Informed |consent |- |correct |answer |-The |patient's |autonomous |decision |about |whether |to |undergo |a |surgical |procedure, |based |on |the |nature |of |the |condition, |the |treatment |options, |and |the |risks |and |benefits |involved Intraoperative |phase |- |correct |answer |-period |of |time |that |begins |with |transfer |of |the |patient |to |the |operating |room |area |and |continues |until |the |patient |is |admitted |to |the |postanesthesia |care |unit Minimally |invasive |surgery |- |correct |answer |-surgical |procedures |that |use |specialized |instruments |inserted |into |the |body |either |through |natural |orifices |or |through |small |incisions Perioperative |phase |- |correct |answer |-period |of |time |that |constitutes |the |surgical |experience; |includes |the |preoperative, |intraoperative, |and |postoperative |phases |of |nursing |care Postoperative |phase |- |correct |answer |-period |of |time |that |begins |with |the |admission |of |the |patient |to |the |postanesthesia |care |unit |and |ends |after |follow-up |evaluation |in |the |clinical |setting |or |home Preadmission |testing |- |correct |answer |-diagnostic |testing |performed |before |admission |to |the |hospital Preoperative |phase |- |correct |answer |-period |of |time |from |when |the |decision |for |surgical |intervention |is |made |to |when |the |patient |is |transferred |to |the |operating |room |table Anesthesia |- |correct |answer |-a |state |of |narcosis |or |severe |central |nervous |system |depression |produced |by |pharmacologic |agents Anesthesiologist |- |correct |answer |-physician |trained |to |deliver |anesthesia |and |to |monitor |the |patient's |condition |during |surgery

Anesthetic |agent |- |correct |answer |-the |substance, |such |as |a |chemical |or |gas, |used |to |induce |anesthesia Certified |registered |nurse |anesthetist |(CRNA): |- |correct |answer |-advanced |practice |registered |nurse |who |delivers |anesthesia |care |under |the |direction |of |an |anesthesiologist Circulating |nurse |- |correct |answer |-registered |nurse |who |coordinates |and |documents |patient |care |in |the |operating |room Laparoscope |- |correct |answer |-a |thin |endoscope |inserted |through |a |small |incision |into |a |cavity |or |joint |using |fiber-optic |technology |to |project |live |images |of |structures |onto |a |video |monitor; |other |small |incisions |allow |additional |instruments |to |be |inserted |to |facilitate |laparoscopic |surgery Malignant |hyperthermia |- |correct |answer |-a |rare |life-threatening |condition |triggered |by |exposure |to |most |anesthetic |agents |inducing |a |drastic |and |uncontrolled |increase |in |skeletal |muscle |oxidative |metabolism |that |can |overwhelm |the |body's |capacity |to |supply |oxygen, |remove |carbon |dioxide, |and |regulate |body |temperature, |eventually |leading |to |circulatory |collapse |and |death |if |untreated; |often |inherited |as |an |autosomal |dominant |disorder Moderate |sedation |- |correct |answer |-previously |referred |to |as |conscious |sedation, |involves |the |use |of |sedation |to |depress |the |level |of |consciousness |without |altering |the |patient's |ability |to |maintain |a |patent |airway |and |to |respond |to |physical |stimuli |and |verbal |commands Monitored |anesthesia |care |- |correct |answer |-moderate |sedation |administered |by |an |anesthesiologist |or |anesthetist |(CRNA) Multimodal |anesthesia |- |correct |answer |-the |intentional |practice |of |using |a |combination |of |nonopioid |pharmaceuticals |and |regional |anesthesia |techniques Registered |nurse |first |assistant |- |correct |answer |-a |member |of |the |operating |room |team |whose |responsibilities |may |include |handling |tissue, |providing |exposure |at |the |operative |field, |suturing, |and |maintaining |hemostasis

Restricted |zone |- |correct |answer |-area |in |the |operating |room |where |scrub |attire |and |surgical |masks |are |required; |includes |operating |room |and |sterile |core |areas Scrub |role |- |correct |answer |-registered |nurse, |licensed |practical |nurse, |or |surgical |technologist |who |scrubs |and |dons |sterile |surgical |attire, |prepares |instruments |and |supplies, |and |hands |instruments |to |the |surgeon |during |the |procedure Semi |restricted |zone |- |correct |answer |-area |in |the |operating |room |where |scrub |attire |is |required; |may |include |areas |where |surgical |instruments |are |processed Sterile |technique |- |correct |answer |-measures |taken |to |maintain |an |area |free |from |living |microorganisms, |including |all |spores Surgical |asepsis |- |correct |answer |-absence |of |microorganisms |in |the |surgical |environment |to |reduce |the |risk |of |infection Unrestricted |zone |- |correct |answer |-area |in |the |operating |room |that |interfaces |with |other |departments; |includes |patient |reception |area |and |holding |area Dehiscence |- |correct |answer |-partial |or |total |separation |of |wound |layers/edges Evisceration |- |correct |answer |-protrusion |of |organs |through |the |surgical |incision First-intention |healing |- |correct |answer |-method |of |healing |in |which |wound |edges |are |surgically |approximated |and |integumentary |continuity |is |restored |without |granulation Phase |I |PACU |- |correct |answer |-area |designated |for |care |of |surgical |patients |immediately |after |surgery |and |for |patients |whose |condition |warrants |close |monitoring Phase |II |PACU |- |correct |answer |-area |designated |for |care |of |surgical |patients |who |have |been |transferred |from |a |phase |I |PACU |because |their |condition |no |longer |requires |the |close |monitoring |provided |in |a |phase |I |PACU. |The |patient |is |prepared |for |transfer |to |an |inpatient |unit |or |for |discharge |from |the |facility

Postanesthesia |care |unit |(PACU) |- |correct |answer |-area |where |postoperative |patients |are |monitored |as |they |recover |from |anesthesia Second-intention |healing |- |correct |answer |-method |of |healing |in |which |wound |edges |are |not |surgically |approximated |and |integumentary |continuity |is |restored |by |the |process |known |as |granulation Diabetes |- |correct |answer |-a |group |of |metabolic |diseases |characterized |by |hyperglycemia |resulting |from |defects |in |insulin |secretion, |insulin |action, |or |both Diabetic |ketoacidosis |(DKA) |- |correct |answer |-a |metabolic |derangement, |most |commonly |occurring |in |type | 1 |diabetes, |that |results |from |a |deficiency |of |insulin; |highly |acidic |ketone |bodies |are |formed, |resulting |in |acidosis Fasting |plasma |glucose |- |correct |answer |-blood |glucose |determination |obtained |in |the |lab |after |fasting |for |at |least | 8 |hours Gestational |diabetes |- |correct |answer |-any |degree |of |glucose |intolerance |with |its |onset |during |pregnancy Glycated |hemoglobin |- |correct |answer |-a |measure |of |glucose |control |that |is |a |result |of |glucose |molecule |attaching |to |hemoglobin |for |the |life |of |the |red |blood |cell |(120 |days) Glycemic |index |- |correct |answer |-the |amount |a |given |food |increases |the |blood |glucose |level |compared |with |an |equivalent |amount |of |glucose Hyperglycemia |- |correct |answer |-elevated |blood |glucose |level Hyperglycemia |hyperosmolar |syndrome |(HHS) |- |correct |answer |-a |metabolic |disorder, |most |commonly |of |type | 2 |diabetes |resulting |from |a |relative |insulin |deficiency |initiated |by |an |illness |that |raises |the |demand |for |insulin

Hypoglycemia |- |correct |answer |-low |blood |glucose |level Impaired |fasting |glucose |(IFG) |or |impaired |glucose |tolerance |(IGT) |- |correct |answer |-a |metabolic |stage |intermediate |between |normal |glucose |homeostasis |and |diabetes; |referred |to |as |prediabetes Insulin |- |correct |answer |-a |hormone |secreted |by |the |beta |cells |of |the |islets |of |Langerhans |that |is |necessary |for |the |metabolism |of |carbohydrates, |proteins, |and |fats; |a |deficiency |of |insulin |results |in |diabetes Ketone |- |correct |answer |-a |highly |acidic |substance |formed |when |the |liver |breaks |down |free |fatty |acids |in |the |absence |of |insulin Latent |autoimmune |diabetes |of |adults |(LADA) |- |correct |answer |-a |subtype |of |diabetes Medical |nutrition |therapy |(MNT) |- |correct |answer |-nutritional |therapy |prescribed |for |management |of |diabetes |that |usually |is |administered |by |a |registered |dietician Nephropathy |- |correct |answer |-a |long-term |complication |of |diabetes |in |which |the |kidney |cells |are |damaged; |characterized |by |microalbuminuria |in |early |stages |and |progressing |to |end-stage |kidney |disease Neuropathy |- |correct |answer |-a |long-term |complication |of |diabetes |resulting |from |damage |to |the |nerve |cell Prediabetes |- |correct |answer |-impaired |glucose |metabolism |in |which |blood |glucose |concentrations |fall |between |normal |levels |and |those |considered |diagnostic |for |diabetes; |includes |impaired |fasting |glucose |and |impaired |glucose |tolerance, |not |clinical |entities |in |their |own |right |but |risk |factors |for |future |diabetes |and |cardiovascular |disease Retinopathy |- |correct |answer |-a |condition |that |occurs |when |the |small |blood |vessels |that |nourish |the |retina |in |the |eye |are |damaged

Self-monitoring |of |blood |glucose |(SMBG) |- |correct |answer |-a |method |of |capillary |blood |glucose |testing Type | 1 |diabetes |- |correct |answer |-a |metabolic |disorder |characterized |by |an |absence |of |insulin |production |and |secretion |from |autoimmune |destruction |of |the |beta |cells |of |the |islets |of |Langerhans |in |the |pancreas; |formerly |called |insulin-dependent |diabetes, |or |juvenile |diabetes Type | 2 |diabetes |- |correct |answer |-a |metabolic |disorder |characterized |by |the |relative |deficiency |of |insulin |production |and |a |decreased |insulin |action |and |increased |insulin |resistance. |Formerly |called |non-insulin-dependent, |adult-onset, |or |type |II |diabetes. Heparin |- |correct |answer |-Indication: |venous |thromboembolism |prophylaxis |and |treatment, |low |dose |used |to |ensure |patency |of |IV |catheters Action: |Increases |the |inhibitory |effect |of |antithrombin |on |factor |Xa Class: |anticoagulant/ |antithrombotic Nursing |considerations: |monitor |for |signs |of |bleeding, |monitor |platelet |count, |may |cause |hyperkalemia, |have |patient |report |any |signs |of |bleeding Enoxaparin |- |correct |answer |-Indication: |Prevention |of |VTE, |DVT |and |PE Action: |Prevents |thrombus |formation |by |potentiating |the |inhibitory |effect |of |antithrombin |on |factor |Xa |and |thrombin Class: |anticoagulant/ |antithrombotic Considerations: |contraindicated |in |pork |hypersensitivity, |monitor |for |signs |of |bleeding, |administer |in |SubQ |tissue, |DO |NOT |eject |air |bubble |prior |to |injection, |DO |NOT |aspirate |or |massage |site Acetaminophen |- |correct |answer |-Indication: |pain, |fever Action: |inhibits |the |synthesis |of |prostaglandins |which |play |a |role |in |transmission |of |pain |signals |and |fever |response Class: |antipyretic, |non-opioid |analgesic Considerations: |DO |NOT |exceed |4,000mg |of |acetaminophen |per |day |to |limit |risk |for |liver, |renal, |and |cardiac |damage; |overdose |will |lead |to |hepatotoxicity; |acetadote |is |the |antidote |for |overdose; |may |increase |risk |for |bleeding |with |warfarin |therapy; |may |alter |blood |glucose |measurements

Ibuprofen |- |correct |answer |-Indication: |mild |to |moderate |pain, |inflammatory |states Action: |decreases |pain |and |inflammation |by |inhibiting |prostaglandins Class: |antipyretics, |antirheumatics, |nonopioid |analgesics, |nonsteroidal |anti-inflammatory |agents; |nonopioid |analgesics Considerations: |may |cause |GI |bleeding, |hepatitis, |Stevens-Johnson |Syndrome; |May |cause |anaphylaxis; |Monitor |for |headache, |nausea, |vomiting, |constipation; |monitor |renal |and |liver |labs; |therapy |should |be |discontinued |after |first |sign |of |rash; |patients |should |avoid |using |alcohol Meloxicam |- |correct |answer |-Indication: |management |of |moderate |to |severe |pain |in |adults; |relief |of |S/S |of |osteoarthritis, |rheumatoid |arthritis |and |juvenile |arthritis Action: |inhibits |prostaglandin |synthesis; |reduces |inflammatory |response, |intensity |of |pain | Class: |NSAID; |anti-inflammatory, |analgesic