NSG120 / NSG 120 Final Exam (Latest 2024 / 2025 Update): Nursing Pathophysiology | Exam Re, Exams of Nursing

Download NSG120 / NSG 120 Final Exam (Latest 2024 / 2025 Update): Nursing Pathophysiology | Exam Re and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NSG120 / NSG 120 Final Exam (Latest 2024 / 2025 Update): Nursing Pathophysiology | Exam Review with Questions and Verified Answers | All Units Covered | 100% Correct | Grade A _____ is a destructive disease of the alveoli and the adjacent capillary walls resulting in chronic dyspnea, cough, and the characteristic barrel chest - ANSWER Emphysema _____ is an injury that is the result of overuse, overstretching, or forcible stretching of a muscle beyond its functional capacity. It sometimes involves a tendon - ANSWER Strain _____ refers to obstructive diseases of the lungs, including chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, emphysema, and pneumoconiosis - ANSWER COPD A bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood - ANSWER Cyanosis A condition where the tissue and extremities swell due to an obstruction in the lymphatic system - ANSWER Lymphedema A coronary artery is totally obstructed, leading to prolonged ischemic and call death, or infarction, of the heart wall - ANSWER Myocardial infarction A deficiency in the release of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone [ADH]) by the posterior pituitary gland causes - ANSWER Diabetes insipidus a disease the occurs when the body's immune is mistakenly directed against its own tissues - ANSWER autoimmune A feeling that sometimes occurs before a seizure - ANSWER Aura A genetic disorder that has a defect in the exocrine glands causing abnormal thick secretions - ANSWER CF A neural transmitter that plays an important role in normal function of the brain and body - ANSWER Acetylcholine A presence of plaques consisting of lipid cells, fibrin, and cell debris often with attached thrombi - ANSWER Atherosclerosis A progressive degenerative disease affecting mortar in rounds in the cerebral cortex the brain stem and spinal cord - ANSWER ALS A progressive degenerative disease that affects motor function their loss of extrapyramidal activity - ANSWER Parkinson's disease A progressive demyelination of the neurons of the brain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves - ANSWER MS A reduced amount of WBC in the blood - ANSWER Leukopenia A staff nurse is teaching a client who has Addison's disease about the disease process. The client asks the nurse what causes Addison's disease. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? - ANSWER "It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland." A wet lung sound heard during late inspiration of patients with CHF or pneumonia - ANSWER Crackles A whistling sound during in expiration seen an asthmatic patient - ANSWER Wheezing a. The treatment of renal calculi might include - ANSWER relief of pain, lithotripsy, surgical intervention, increased fluid intake, and diuretics Abnormally slow heart rate is - ANSWER bradycardia Adrenal insufficiency, with progressive destruction of the adrenal gland, is called - ANSWER Addison's disease An acute, rapidly progressive disease of the spinal nerves with progressive muscle weakness and paralysis in a 24- to 72-hour period may be indicative of - ANSWER Guillain-Barre syndrome increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood - ANSWER hypercapnia increased white blood cells in the blood - ANSWER leukocytosis infections that occur in health care facilities - ANSWER nosocomial Inflammation of the joints caused by excessive uric acid levels in the blood and joints is - ANSWER Gouty arthritis Insulin reaction can be caused by - ANSWER -Too much insulin -Delayed meal of insufficient food -Excessive exercise interference with conduction in one of the bundle branches in the heart - ANSWER bundle branch block Long lasting leg weakness slurred speech and facial drooping is due to a? - ANSWER CVA May be caused by partial occlusion of an artery by atherosclerosis, or from a small embolus, a vascular. spasm - ANSWER Transient ischemic attack Neoplastic disorders of the WBC - ANSWER Leukemia Neurotransmitter that is responsible for relaying messages that plan and control body movement - ANSWER Dopamine noninvasive test that displays conductivity of the heart - ANSWER electrocardiogram Occurs when the blood and oxygen supply to the myocardium is impaired or the heart is working harder and needs more oxygen - ANSWER angia Occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body - ANSWER Congestive heart failure Parkinson's disease is characterized by - ANSWER "pill-rolling" tremor of thumb and forefinger, muscular rigidity, masklike facial expression, and shuffling gait pH 7.31 PaCO2 38 HCO3 18 - ANSWER Metabolic acidosis pH 7.33 PaCO2 47 HCO3 29 - ANSWER Respiratory acidosis pH 7.35 PaCO2 36 HCO3 23 - ANSWER normal pH 7.49 PaCO2 32 HCO3 20 - ANSWER Resp. alkalosis Polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, weight loss, and fatigue are the principal signs and symptoms of - ANSWER Diabetes mellitus Preventive measures for a decubitus ulcer include - ANSWER - Good skin care - Position changes every 2 hours -Early ambulation short-term illness that develops quickly - ANSWER acute signs and symptoms of disease - ANSWER manifestations Signs of hypoglycemia - ANSWER Headache and sweating stage where no clinical signs are present - ANSWER latent Superficial reddening of the skin - ANSWER erythema Swelling due to excess of watery fluid in the body issues or cavities - ANSWER Edema Temporary episodes of impaired neurologic functioning caused by inadequate blood flow to a portion of the brain are termed - ANSWER -Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) -Mini-strokes test to visualize the inside of the heart - ANSWER cardiac catheterizations The condition of the kidney caused by pressure from urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the urinary tract is called - ANSWER hydronephrosis The condition where fat-containing substances are deposited on the coronary artery lumens causing a narrowing is - ANSWER Coronary artery disease (CAD) The first sign of testicular cancer is - ANSWER a painless lump discovered in the testicle. The patient experiencing crushing chest pain, dyspnea, diaphoresis, and anxiety is usually suffering from - ANSWER MI The patient who experiences gradually increasing dyspnea, anxiety, and edema of the feet and ankles may be suffering from - ANSWER CHF The presence of a painless lump or nodule on the thyroid gland, along with complaints of persistent hoarseness and trouble swallowing, should raise the suggestion of - ANSWER Cancer of the thyroid gland