Download NSG124 EXAM 2: 2025/2026, WITH CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
NSG124 EXAM 2: 2025/2026, WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
Venous ulcers are thought to be a result of: - CORRECT ANSWERS- venous insufficiency Nursing Interventions for the care of Vascular Ulcers: - CORRECT ANSWERS- SCDs or compression stockings a sprain is an injury to a: - CORRECT ANSWERS- ligament a strain is an injury to a: - CORRECT ANSWERS- muscle or tendon which degree of a sprain tears in only a few fibers? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 1st degree which degree of a sprain causes partial disruption of involved tissues which causes more swelling and tenderness? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 2nd degree
which degree of a sprain causes a complete tearing of the ligament associated with moderate to severe swelling? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 3rd degree which degree of a strain causes a mildly pulled muscle? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 1st degree which degree of a strain causes a moderately torn muscle? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 2nd degree which degree of a strain causes a severely torn or ruptured muscle? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 3rd degree which type of radiology looks at solid tissue? - CORRECT ANSWERS- xray which type of radiology looks at soft tissue? - CORRECT ANSWERS- CT (computed tomogrophy) which type of radiology looks at soft tissue but in a different way than CT scans? - CORRECT ANSWERS- MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
which classification of fracture presents with the break going completely through the bone - CORRECT ANSWERS- complete which classification of fracture presents where the fracture line does not go completely through the bone, only part way - CORRECT ANSWERS- incomplete when a bone is out of alignment, it's called: - CORRECT ANSWERS- displaced when a bone is not out of alignment, it's called: - CORRECT ANSWERS- non-displaced which type of fracture presents as complete 90 degree angle? - CORRECT ANSWERS- transverse which type of fracture presents as twisting, often from abuse - CORRECT ANSWERS- spiral which type of fracture presents as similar to a live tree branch (green in middle) does not break all the way through. Typical in pediatric population - CORRECT ANSWERS- greenstick
which type of fracture presents as more than 2 fragments. caused by traumatic crushing injury - CORRECT ANSWERS- Comminuted which type of fracture presents as a diagonal fracture line - CORRECT ANSWERS- oblique which type of fracture may be seen in osteoporosis, bone cancer, etc. Occurs in the absence of trauma. May be spontaneous. Seen in older adults? - CORRECT ANSWERS- pathologic which type of fracture occurs from repeated exposure to stress? - CORRECT ANSWERS- stress fracture a fracture that causes s crunching sound. bone on bone. seen in older adults. in a fracture, it means that a bone is out of alignment. this type of fracture is known as: - CORRECT ANSWERS- crepitation what are the 6 steps of fracture healing? - CORRECT ANSWERS- Fracture hematoma, Granulation tissue, Callus formation, Ossification, Consolidation, Remodeling both fracture sites (bone fragments) are joined back together. this is called: - CORRECT ANSWERS- union
is open reduction a surgical or nonsurgical procedure? - CORRECT ANSWERS- surgical what does ORIF stand for? - CORRECT ANSWERS- open reduction internal fixation the Application of a pulling force to an injured or diseased part of the body or an extremity while counter traction pulls in the opposite direction is called: - CORRECT ANSWERS- traction what is the purpose of traction? - CORRECT ANSWERS- decrease pain and muscle spasms and provide immobilization what are the two types of traction? - CORRECT ANSWERS- skin and skeletal how much weight should be used to provide counter-traction? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 5-45 lbs too little weight in counter-traction can cause: - CORRECT ANSWERS- malunion
too much weight in counter-traction can cause: - CORRECT ANSWERS- non-union circumferential casting is commonly used in which type of reduction? - CORRECT ANSWERS- closed a short arm cast is for: - CORRECT ANSWERS- wrist fractures a long arm cast is for: - CORRECT ANSWERS- elbow/unstable arm fractures a body jacket cast is for: - CORRECT ANSWERS- spinal fractures a single hip spica or double hip spica cast is for: - CORRECT ANSWERS- hip or pelvis fractures a long leg cast is for a: - CORRECT ANSWERS- femoral fracture a short leg cast is for: - CORRECT ANSWERS- lower leg fractures what are some dietary treatments for fractures? - CORRECT ANSWERS- protein; vitamins b, c, and d; calcium, phosphorous, and magnesium
the more movement of the bone, the more risk of a: - CORRECT ANSWERS- fat embolism the goal of amputation is to preserve the___ and ___ of the limb. - CORRECT ANSWERS- length and function what are the two types of amputation? - CORRECT ANSWERS- closed and disarticulation which type of amputation results with a skin flap for added padding? - CORRECT ANSWERS- closed which type of amputation is reserved for really bad infection? - CORRECT ANSWERS- disarticulation where does a disarticulation amputation occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS- through the joint which type of leg amputation is categorized in "short", "medium", and "long"? - CORRECT ANSWERS- above knee amputation what 2 medication may be given for nerve pain for phantom limb? - CORRECT ANSWERS- gabapentin and neurontin
A severe bone infection involving marrow and surrounding soft tissue:
- CORRECT ANSWERS- osteomyelitis what are the 2 types of osteomyelitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS- direct and indirect What does the limbic system control? - CORRECT ANSWERS- emotions what is phase 1 of the cycle of battering? - CORRECT ANSWERS- tension building phase what is phase 2 of the cycle of battering? - CORRECT ANSWERS- acute battering incident what is phase 3 of the cycle of battering? - CORRECT ANSWERS- honeymoon phase Elevated BP range - CORRECT ANSWERS- 120-129/< High BP Stage 1 - CORRECT ANSWERS- 130-139/80-
how do Insulin Resistance and Hyperinsulinemia effect HTN? - CORRECT ANSWERS- elevated insulin levels stimulate the sympathetic nervous system which ethnicities have an increased risk for HTN? - CORRECT ANSWERS- african americans, hispanic americans, native americans which gender has an increased risk for HTN? - CORRECT ANSWERS- men until women reach 55 years which ethnicity has the highest prevalence of HTN in the world? - CORRECT ANSWERS- african americans which ethnicity is the least likely to receive treatment for HTN? - CORRECT ANSWERS- mexican americans HTN is often referred to as the: - CORRECT ANSWERS- silent killer Why is HTN referred to as the "silent killer"? - CORRECT ANSWERS- normally asymptomatic until target organ disease occurs
HTN is a major risk factor for what? - CORRECT ANSWERS- coronary artery disease (CAD) what is the best way to diagnose HTN? - CORRECT ANSWERS- BP monitoring what foods are on the DASH diet? - CORRECT ANSWERS- poultry, fish, fruits and vegetables, whole grains, seeds, nuts what does nicotine do to the blood vessels? - CORRECT ANSWERS- vasoconstriction Two main actions of medications for HTN: - CORRECT ANSWERS- reduce volume of circulating blood, reduce systemic vascular resistance (SVR) an ABPM is a type of: - CORRECT ANSWERS- cardiac monitor what is the difference between hypertensive emergency and hypertensive urgency? - CORRECT ANSWERS- hypertensive urgency doesn't include target organ damage
formula for determining risk for developing CAD: - CORRECT ANSWERS- total cholesterol / LDL Who has the highest incidence of CAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS- white, middle aged men Who generally has the earliest onset of CAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS- african americans Who has the highest mortality rates related to CAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS- african americans and native americans Who has the lowest incidence of CAD? - CORRECT ANSWERS- hispanic population What does FITT stand for? - CORRECT ANSWERS- Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type in chronic stable angina, how long does chest pain typically last? - CORRECT ANSWERS- 5-15 minutes
what are the symptoms associated with silent ischemia? - CORRECT ANSWERS- none when do Nocturnal Angina and Angina Decubitus occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS- at night Prinzmetal's Angina is often caused by: - CORRECT ANSWERS- coronary artery spasms Microvascular Angina occurs In the absence of: - CORRECT ANSWERS- CAD CK-MB (cardiac marker) level for men: - CORRECT ANSWERS- <3. CK-MB (cardiac marker) level for women: - CORRECT ANSWERS- <3. cardiac troponin level should be: - CORRECT ANSWERS- <0. myoglobin should be between: - CORRECT ANSWERS- 25- homocysteine should be between: - CORRECT ANSWERS- 5-
what does systolic failure result from? - CORRECT ANSWERS- inability of the heart to pump blood what is it called when the left ventricle cannot generate enough pressure and the muscle begins to enlarge? - CORRECT ANSWERS- diastolic failure How will Mixed Systolic and Diastolic Failure often be noted as? - CORRECT ANSWERS- left sided or right sided failure where is ANP stored? - CORRECT ANSWERS- atria and ventricles where is BNP stored? - CORRECT ANSWERS- ventricles the BNP level should be less than: - CORRECT ANSWERS- 100 When does cardiac compensation occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS- when the compensatory mechanisms work When does cardiac DEcompensation occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS- when the mechanisms can no longer maintain a normal function
which type of heart failure is most common? - CORRECT ANSWERS- left sided heart failure why does left sided heart failure occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS- left ventricular dysfunction what does left ventricular dysfunction cause? - CORRECT ANSWERS- pulmonary edema what is the primary cause of right sided heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWERS- left sided heart failure which culture is at an increased risk for heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWERS- african americans can ventricular remodeling be stopped? - CORRECT ANSWERS- no, only slowed Sudden weight gain of greater than ___ lb. (1.4 kg) in 2 days may indicate an exacerbation of HF. - CORRECT ANSWERS- 3
