NU629/ NU 629 Final Exam: (New 2024/ 2025 Update) Advanced Health Promotion & Disease Pre, Exams of Nursing

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NU629/ NU 629 FINAL EXAM: (NEW 2024/ 2025

UPDATE) ADVANCED HEALTH PROMOTION & DISEASE

PREVENTION| QS & AS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT

(VERIFIED ANSWERS) –

Hypertension primordial prevention - ANS ✓Promoting healthy lifestyles and encouraging balanced diets with public policy/campaigns Hypertension primary prevention - ANS ✓lifestyle changes that can prevent hypertension exercise reduce stress Hypertension secondary prevention - ANS ✓Blood pressure screening recommendations: adults 18 years or older with office blood pressure measurement (OBPM). & outside of the clinical setting for diagnostic confirmation before starting treatment Hypertension tertiary prevention - ANS ✓Medication and dietary management, blood pressure monitoring for individuals who have hypertension to PREVENT COMPLICATIONS LIKE KIDNEY DISEASE

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Hypertension quaternary prevention - ANS ✓Avoid the use of overmedication of antihypertensives. Consider non-pharmacological/holistic methods before medication. Intimate Partner Violence primordial prevention - ANS ✓Public awareness campaigns that promote healthy relationship and consent Intimate Partner Violence primary prevention - ANS ✓conflict resolution and communication skills in relationships. Intimate Partner Violence secondary prevention - ANS ✓screen for abuse Intimate Partner Violence tertiary prevention - ANS ✓Providing therapy, support groups, and legal services for survivors of intimate partner violence to help them recover and heal ABCDE rule - ANS ✓asymmetry, border irregularity, non-uniform color, diameter > 6mm, evolving over time risks for skin cancer - ANS ✓men fair skinned

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Testicular Cancer screening recommendations - ANS ✓all men examine their testicles monthly after puberty Testicular cancer risks - ANS ✓cryptorchidism, genetics, testicular development disorders Testicular Cancer tertiary prevention - ANS ✓Screening and early detection of secondary malignancies Testicular Cancer quaternary prevention - ANS ✓Avoiding chemotherapy overdose Pediatric vaccines - ANS ✓ Cervical Cancer primordial prevention - ANS ✓Encouraging safe sexual practices with national education programs and campaigns Cervical Cancer primary prevention - ANS ✓Encouraging the HPV VACCINE before becoming sexually active Cervical Cancer secondary prevention - ANS ✓screening

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pap smear Cervical cancer screening recommendations - ANS ✓Cervical cancer screening should start at age 25 every 3 years primordial prevention for falls - ANS ✓hospital POLICIES for fall risk people COMMUNITY INITIATIVES to ensure safe safe walking paths Cervical Cancer quaternary prevention - ANS ✓Avoiding chemotherapy overdose Cervical Cancer tertiary prevention - ANS ✓Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy to treat the cancer and prevent its progression primary prevention for falls - ANS ✓-rails up

• call light in reach
• assistive devices near
• bed @ lowest position
• non-skid socks/shoes
• bed/chair alarms

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STI quaternary prevention - ANS ✓avoid over treatment Primary prevention - ANS ✓prevent diseases or conditions BEFORE THEY OCCUR. It involves interventions such as vaccinations, health education, and lifestyle modifications to reduce the risk of disease in individuals example: VACCINATION Secondary prevention - ANS ✓-focuses on EARLY IDENTIFICATION of individuals or communities experiencing illness, providing treatment, and conducting activities that are geared to prevent worsening health status

• examples: communicable disease SCREENING and case finding; early detection and treatment of diabetes; exercise programs for older adult clients who are frail tertiary prevention - ANS ✓reducing the severity of the disease, preventing further complications, and improving the quality of life for individuals who ALREADY HAVE DISEASE OR CONDITION Quaternary prevention - ANS ✓prevention of OVER-MEDICALIZATION OVER- TREATMENT

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Primary prevention of smoking - ANS ✓Tobacco and vaping control POLICIES at a national or regional level:

• increased tobacco prices and taxes, - public smoking restrictions - anti-tobacco advertisements Secondary prevention of smoking - ANS ✓SCREENING for smoking use. Education about cessation tertiary prevention of smoking - ANS ✓health promotion for people who ALREADY SMOKE Providing medical treatment and rehab services for individuals who have developed complications from smoking, such as COPD or lung cancer. primordial prevention of suicide - ANS ✓Promoting mental health through public awareness campaigns, and community initiatives ANTI BULLYING LAWS primary prevention of suicide - ANS ✓activities that provide support, information, and education to prevent suicide secondary prevention of suicide - ANS ✓screening for depression

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hep b vaccination recommendations - ANS ✓-First dose at birth 3-shot series by age 6-18 months

• Mothers who have acute hepatitis B or a history of it should receive a special hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth
• Children younger than 19 who have not had the vaccine should receive a "catch- up" dose hep b secondary prevention - ANS ✓Screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adolescents and adults at increased risk for infection (USPSTF, 2020) and in pregnant women at their first prenatal visit hep b tertiary prevention - ANS ✓Medical management of complications such as cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma (primary liver cancer) What is used to screen for lung cancer? - ANS ✓low dose CT scan Lung Cancer screening recommendations - ANS ✓-annual screening w/ low- dose T scan in pt's 55-80 yrs who have smoked for 30 pack/years
• to be considered, pt should be currently smoking or have quit within the prior 15 yrs

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Lung cancer risks - ANS ✓smoking, second hand smoke, genetics, toxins, radon What is used to screen for prostate cancer? - ANS ✓PSA blood test with or without a rectal exam Prostate Cancer screening recommendations - ANS ✓-controversial, generally recommend against screening unless strong family history or pt is African American

• have inform pt before screening about pros and cons Men aged 50 should discuss with their healthcare provider whether testing is the right choice for them. High-risk individuals (African American men and those with family history) should discuss this sooner at age 45 Who is at risk for prostate cancer? - ANS ✓> 55 history Black males** fatty diet low fiber diet cons of prostate cancer screening - ANS ✓False positive test results: This occurs when a man has an abnormal PSA test but does not have prostate cancer. False positive test results often lead to unnecessary tests, like a biopsy of the

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HPV screening - ANS ✓<21 - NO 21 - 29 - pap q 3 years 30 - 65 - pap q3 years or cotest q

65- can stop if not high risk hysterectomy w/ cervical removal not d/t cancer - can stop if no hx of CIN stages 2 - 3, AIS, cervical cancer primary HPV screening test - ANS ✓A health professional uses a special tool to gently scrape or brush the cervix to remove cells for testing. HPV is a virus that

can cause cervix cell changes. The HPV test looks for cervical infection by high- risk types of HPV that are more likely to cause pre-cancers and cancers of the cervix. HPV vaccine recommendations - ANS ✓Females and males aged 11- 12

• Can be administered as young as 9
• Catch up for females up to 26; males 21
• No recommendations > 26
• A two-dose series (0, 6-12 months) for most persons who initiate vaccination at ages 9 through 14 years
• A three-dose series (0, 1-2, 6 months) for persons who initiate vaccination at ages 15 through 45 years, and for immunocompromised persons.

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• Goal is start before female or male is sexually active HPV vaccine education - ANS ✓-The HPV vaccine can protect against several strains of the virus, which can lead to various cancers, including cervical cancer
• does not encourage sexual actviity
• before sexually active HPV primordial prevention - ANS ✓Encouraging safe sexual practices with national education programs and campaigns HPV primary prevention - ANS ✓Encouraging smoking prevention and cessation, as smoking is a known risk factor for HPV-related cancers HPV secondary prevention - ANS ✓Primary HPV (human papillomavirus) screening test HPV tertiary prevention - ANS ✓Topical medicines, surgical excision, cryosurgery, and laser therapy to remove precancerous warts Cardiovascular Disorders primordial prevention - ANS ✓Promote access to safe walking paths; access to stores with healthy food options with PUBLIC POLICY