NUR 100 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2023 A+, Exams of Nursing

Download NUR 100 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2023 A+ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

ANSWERS 2023 A+

Exam 3

Chapter 09: Water and Electrolyte Balance

Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 15th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The hormone that conserves body water is a. (^) the vitamin D hormone. b. (^) the antidiuretic hormone. c. (^) aldosterone. d. (^) the parathyroid hormone. ANS: B The antidiuretic hormone works on the kidneys’ nephrons to induce reabsorption and conservation of water. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 143 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
2. The two minerals that occur in the extracellular fluid and regulate water balance are a. (^) calcium and potassium. b. (^) sodium and chloride. c. (^) phosphorus and magnesium. d. (^) potassium and magnesium. ANS: B Sodium and chloride are the two minerals that occur in the extracellular fluid and regulate water balance. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 135-136 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
3. A person is most likely to have a high body water content if he or she is a. (^) overweight. b. (^) underweight. c. (^) a bodybuilder. d. (^) sedentary. ANS: C An athlete would have a high body water content related to the amount of muscle mass. Muscle mass contains a relatively large amount of water. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 134- TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential

ANSWERS 2023 A+

4. The term extracellular fluid includes a. (^) plasma and tissue secretions. b. (^) plasma and fluid inside cells. c. (^) fluid surrounding cells and in beverages. d. (^) fluid surrounding cells and fluid inside cells. ANS: A Extracellular fluid is the total body water outside the cells, including plasma and tissue secretions. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 137 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
5. A basic mechanism for maintaining body hydration is a. (^) thirst. b. (^) electrolyte balance. c. (^) acid-base balance. d. (^) activity level. ANS: A Thirst is the basic mechanism for maintaining hydration. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 136 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
6. The hormone responsible for promoting conservation of sodium in the kidney is a. (^) aldosterone. b. (^) the antidiuretic hormone. c. (^) angiotensin. d. (^) renin. ANS: A Aldosterone is produced by the adrenal glands, which trigger the kidneys’ nephrons to reabsorb sodium. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 143 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
7. Mr. J. consumes approximately 1500 mL/day from fluid contained in liquids and foods and from the metabolism of foods. What percent of his fluid requirement does he meet if he requires 2400 mL/day? a. (^) 41% b. (^) 51% c. (^62) % d. (^) 84% ANS: C The intake from liquids, liquids in foods, and metabolism is approximately 1500 mL/day, so 1500 mL ÷ 2400 mL = 62%.

ANSWERS 2023 A+

ANS: B Plasma proteins, mainly in the form of albumin and globulin, are organic compounds of large molecular size responsible for controlling water movement in the body and guarding blood volume by influencing the shift of water in and out of capillaries in balance with the surrounding water. Electrolytes are particles that are free to move throughout a solution to maintain chemical balance. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 139 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

12. What is an example of a substance that can pass through a capillary membrane? a. (^) Glucose b. (^) Hemoglobin c. (^) Plasma proteins d. (^) Antibodies ANS: A Glucose passes through a capillary membrane. The walls of the capillaries are thin and porous; therefore water molecules and small particles can move freely across them. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 141 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
13. An acid has a pH a. (^) greater than 7.0. b. (^) lower than 7.0. c. (^) greater than 5.0. d. (^) lower than 5.0. ANS: B A pH less than 7.0 is considered acidic, whereas anything above 7.0 is considered basic. A pH of 7.0 is neutral. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 144 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
14. An example of a cation is a. (^) sodium. b. (^) phosphate. c. (^) carbonate. d. (^) sulfate. ANS: A Cations are ions carrying positive charges, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 139 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
15. The organic molecule responsible for creating colloidal osmotic pressure is

ANSWERS 2023 A+

a. (^) glucose. b. (^) an electrolyte. c. (^) protein. d. (^) sodium. ANS: C Protein is an organic molecule responsible for creating colloidal osmotic pressure. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 139 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

16. An example of an electrolyte is a. (^) glucose. b. (^) iron. c. (^) potassium. d. (^) carbon dioxide. ANS: C Electrolytes are small, inorganic substances that can dissociate or break apart in a solution and carry an electrical charge. Examples include potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, carbonate, phosphate, and sulfate. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 138-139 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
17. The ways in which water and solutes move across membranes include a. (^) diffusion and filtration. b. (^) capillary action and circulation. c. (^) peristalsis and contraction. d. (^) conduction and pulsation. ANS: A Forces that move water and solutes across membranes include osmosis, diffusion, filtration, active transport, and pinocytosis. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 140-141 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
18. Functions of water in the body include a. (^) providing an energy source. b. (^) temperature control. c. (^) nerve impulse transmission. d. (^) transport of vitamins A, D, E, and K. ANS: B The body water supply acts as a solvent, serves as a means of transport, provides form and structure, regulates temperature control, and provides lubrication for the body. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 134 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and

ANSWERS 2023 A+

The kidneys filter the blood to maintain the appropriate levels of all constituents of blood and remove waste products. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 143 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

23. Oral rehydration therapy is preferred over intravenous therapy for fluid replacement caused by diarrhea because it a. (^) is quicker. b. (^) tastes better. c. (^) is more readily available. d. (^) provides electrolytes as well as fluid. ANS: C Oral hydration is preferred over intravenous therapy if the fluid can be consumed by the patient because it is just as effective as intravenous therapy, is more readily available, and is less expensive. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 142 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies | NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort
24. What is the predominant regulator of circulating blood volume? a. (^) Blood pressure b. (^) Plasma proteins c. (^) Water intake d. (^) Hormones ANS: B Plasma protein molecules are retained in blood vessels, controlling water movement in the body and guarding blood volume by influencing the shift of water in and out of the capillaries in balance with the surrounding water. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 138-139 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
25. Water retention would be the result of which of the following hormones? a. (^) The antidiuretic hormone b. (^) Estrogen c. (^) Progesterone d. (^) Insulin ANS: A The antidiuretic hormone promotes water conservation; it works on the kidneys’ nephrons to induce reabsorption of water. In any stressful situation with a threatened or real loss of body water, this hormone is released to conserve vital body water. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 143 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Physiological Integrity:

ANSWERS 2023 A+

Reduction of Risk Potential

26. Thirst tends to be an unreliable index of fluid needs in a. (^) infants. b. (^) pregnant women. c. (^) breast-feeding women. d. (^) older adults. ANS: D Thirst is an unreliable index of fluid needs in the elderly because the thirst mechanism usually diminishes with age and dehydration can easily occur. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 138 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
27. Plasma proteins maintain colloidal osmotic pressure because a. (^) they are large molecules. b. (^) proteins are not found in the cells. c. (^) proteins are positively charged. d. (^) they contain water as part of their structure. ANS: A Plasma proteins maintain colloidal osmotic pressure because they are large molecules, mainly in the form of albumin and globulin. Plasma protein molecules are retained in the blood vessels, controlling water movement in the body and guarding blood volume by influencing the shift of water in and out of capillaries in balance with the surrounding water. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 139 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
28. Treatment for diarrhea in children is to a. (^) withhold oral intake and immediately begin intravenous fluids until diarrhea stops. b. (^) sponge with an electrolyte solution of sodium, potassium, and sugar. c. (^) give an age-appropriate diet along with oral fluids that contain sodium, potassium, sugar, and sodium bicarbonate. d. (^) administer the BRAT ( b ananas, r ice, a pplesauce, and t ea) diet. ANS: C Administering an age-appropriate diet along with fluids that contain sodium, potassium, glucose, and sodium bicarbonate is beneficial in treating diarrhea and replacing lost fluid and electrolytes to bring the body into a state of homeostasis. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 142 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

ANSWERS 2023 A+

b. (^) spare adipose stores. c. (^) prevent fetal deformity. d. (^) spare protein. ANS: D Adequate energy is necessary to spare protein. If inadequate kilocalories from energy are provided, then protein will be used for energy. Protein increase is approximately 50% more than the average adult requirement. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 147 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

3. Daily kilocalorie needs during the second trimester exceed normal requirements by approximately a. (^100) kcal. b. (^200) kcal. c. (^340) kcal. d. (^500) kcal. ANS: C The national standard recommends an increase of 340 kcal/day during the second trimester and 452 kcal/day during the third trimester of pregnancy. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 148 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. The amount of extra protein required by pregnant women compared with nonpregnant women is approximately a. (^10) g/day. b. (^15) g/day. c. (^25) g/day. d. (^30) g/day. ANS: C Protein intake should increase 25 g/day during pregnancy in addition to nonpregnancy needs. This increase is approximately 50% more than the average adult requirement. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 148- TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for a. (^) preventing gestational diabetes. b. (^) sparing carbohydrates for energy needs. c. (^) growing maternal tissues. d. (^) preventing pregnancy-induced hypertension.

ANSWERS 2023 A+

ANS: C Increased protein is necessary in pregnancy for rapid growth of the fetus, development of the placenta, growth of maternal tissues, increased maternal blood volume, and amniotic fluid. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 148 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

6. A good source of calcium during pregnancy is a. (^) orange juice drink. b. (^) lean ground beef. c. (^) milk. d. (^) baked beans. ANS: C Calcium is essential for fetal development of bones and teeth as well as for the mother’s own body needs. Milk, milk-substitute products, generous amounts of green vegetables, and enriched or whole grains are good sources of calcium. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 149-150 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. A good source of iron during pregnancy would be a. (^) watermelon. b. (^) orange juice. c. (^) macaroni and cheese. d. (^) lean ground beef. ANS: D Iron is distributed primarily in meat, eggs, vegetables, and fortified cereals. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 150 TOP: Nursing Process: Application MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
8. Iron needs increase during pregnancy because of a. (^) maternal constipation. b. (^) an increased maternal blood volume. c. (^) an increased maternal metabolic rate. d. (^) poor iron absorption during pregnancy. ANS: B Iron needs are increased during pregnancy for increased hemoglobin synthesis required for the greater maternal blood volume as well as for the baby’s necessary prenatal storage of iron. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 150 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

ANSWERS 2023 A+

c. (^) vitamin D. d. (^) vitamin C. ANS: C Milk is a good source of vitamin D along with calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium for fetal development of bones and teeth as well as for the mother’s own bodily needs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 151 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

13. Appropriate snack choices for a pregnant woman with morning sickness may include a. (^) a meal of hot soup and Gatorade. b. (^) lemonade with added sugar and peppermint sticks. c. (^) a glass of hot, decaffeinated tea. d. (^) whole-wheat toast with a small amount of light butter and a small piece of fruit. ANS: D Small, frequent meals and snacks that are fairly dry and consist of easily digested energy foods (e.g., carbohydrates), in addition to mainly cold foods and liquids between meals, are recommended for women with morning sickness. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 152- TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
14. A condition of severe, prolonged, and persistent vomiting during pregnancy is called a. (^) hyperemesis gravidarum. b. (^) placenta previa. c. (^) gestational diabetes. d. (^) preeclampsia. ANS: A Hyperemesis gravidarum is morning sickness in early pregnancy that progresses from a mild state to a severe and prolonged state requiring medical treatment. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 153 TOP: Nursing Process: Diagnosis MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
15. What is a food choice to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy? a. (^) Figs b. (^) Chocolate c. (^) White bread d. (^) Saltines ANS: A

ANSWERS 2023 A+

Helpful remedies for constipation include high-fiber foods such as whole grains, vegetables, dried fruits, and other fruits and juices. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 153 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

16. An acceptable ending pregnancy weight for a woman whose prepregnancy weight is 125 lb is a. (^130) to 135 lb. b. (^) 135 to 145 lb. c. (^145) to 150 lb. d. (^) 150 to 160 lb. ANS: D Weight gain for a normal-sized woman with a body mass index of 18.5 to 24.9 is 25 to 35 lb. Thus 125 lb + 25 to 35 lb = 150 lb to 160 lb. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 152 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
17. Total weight gain during the first trimester should be approximately lbs. a. (^1) to 2 b. (^2) to 4 c. (^6) to 10 d. (^10) to 15 ANS: B Recommended weight gain in the first trimester of pregnancy is approximately 2 lb to 4 lb. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 152 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
18. A pregnancy is considered high risk if the mother a. (^) is 16 years old. b. (^) is vegetarian. c. (^) works full time. d. (^) exercises four or five times per week. ANS: A Nutritional risk factors at the onset of pregnancy include age 18 years or younger or 35 years or older; frequent pregnancies; poor obstetric history or poor fetal performance; poverty; bizarre or trendy food habits; abuse of nicotine, alcohol, or drugs; chronic disease with therapeutic diet; and weight less than 85% or more than 120% of normal. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 154 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment

ANSWERS 2023 A+

22. The most common cause of anemia during pregnancy is a. (^) folic acid deficiency. b. (^) lack of intrinsic factor. c. (^) iron deficiency. d. (^) vitamin C deficiency. ANS: C Iron-deficiency anemia is most common during pregnancy. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 157 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
23. The best source of folate is a. (^) fruit juices. b. (^) green, leafy vegetables. c. (^) whole grains. d. (^) citrus fruits. ANS: B Folate is found in food sources such as green, leafy vegetables; legumes; yeast; chicken; beef; and liver. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 150 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
24. The finding of glycosuria during a routine laboratory test may suggest that the woman has a. (^) anemia. b. (^) gestational diabetes. c. (^) phenylketonuria. d. (^) hypertension. ANS: B Gestational diabetes presents with glycosuria or sugar spilling over into the urine. Other predisposing factors include age 30 years and older, those who are overweight and have a history of previously unexplained stillbirths, delivery of large babies weighing 9 lb or more, habitual spontaneous abortions, births of babies with multiple congenital defects, and a family history of diabetes or ethnicity associated with a high incidence of diabetes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 158 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
25. High blood pressure and the accumulation of protein in the urine may be signs of a. (^) preeclampsia. b. (^) hyperemesis. c. (^) alcoholism. d. (^) gestational diabetes.

ANSWERS 2023 A+

ANS: A High blood pressure can be fatal to the mother and fetus. If symptoms progress with the accumulation of proteinuria, the condition is referred to as preeclampsia. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 157 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

26. Three important factors that support adequate lactation are a. (^) diet, exercise, and vitamin supplements. b. (^) intake of dairy products, fluids, and rest. c. (^) diet, fluids, rest and relaxation. d. (^) intake of bland foods and adequate fluids. ANS: C Successful lactation requires an adequate diet, including energy and nutrients for both the process and product; adequate fluid for adequate milk production; and rest and relaxation to enhance the production and letdown reflexes of breast-feeding. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: pp. 158-159 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
27. Nutrition counselors should encourage pregnant teenagers to a. (^) avoid fast food. b. (^) eat foods from all the basic food groups. c. (^) drink fat-free (skim) rather than whole milk. d. (^) eat foods high in dietary fiber. ANS: B Pregnant teens should consume foods from all five basic foods groups to support fetal development as well as their own growth and development needs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 154 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
28. Advantages of breast-feeding for the mother include a. (^) less fluid retention. b. (^) rapid weight loss. c. (^) fewer maternal infections. d. (^) convenience and economy. ANS: D The advantages of breast-feeding include benefits to both mother and baby such as human breast milk’s ability to meet the unique needs of the infant and the convenience and economy for the mother.

ANSWERS 2023 A+

At birth the rooting, sucking, and swallowing reflexes are present along with the tonic neck reflex. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 173 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

2. Foods for infants should be prepared without added a. (^) sugar and salt. b. (^) salt and herbs. c. (^) wheat and sugar. d. (^) milk and wheat. ANS: A Foods for infants are prepared without added sugar and salt. Foods should not be overseasoned to let tastes develop gradually. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 176 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. The phase that shows the most erratic growth is a. (^) infancy. b. (^) childhood. c. (^) adolescence. d. (^) adulthood. ANS: B During childhood, physical growth and appetite occur in spurts. The generally slow and irregular growth rate continues in the early school years, and body changes occur gradually. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 166 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. During a checkup at the clinic, a child’s physical growth is evaluated by using a. (^) fitness testing. b. (^) clinical observation. c. (^) food records. d. (^) growth charts. ANS: D Growth charts are an assessment tool for measuring normal growth patterns in infants, children, and adolescents. These charts are based on large numbers of well-nourished children representing the national population. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 167 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment | Nursing Process: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and

ANSWERS 2023 A+

Maintenance

5. A good source of energy for children is a. (^) chicken. b. (^) cereal with added sugar. c. (^) whole-wheat toast. d. (^) a vitamin supplement. ANS: C The main energy source for children is carbohydrates, preferably complex carbohydrates. Carbohydrates spare protein so that it is available for building tissue during childhood rather than being broken down for energy needs. Whole-wheat toast is a good source of complex carbohydrates. Cereal also provides carbohydrates, but sugary cereals provide less complex carbohydrates. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 171 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. During childhood, most calories are needed for a. (^) tissue growth. b. (^) physical activities. c. (^) specific dynamic effect. d. (^) basal metabolic needs. ANS: D Basal metabolism accounts for 50% of total daily caloric intake during childhood. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 171 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. An example of a food that provides building material for tissue growth is a. (^) bread. b. (^) cheese. c. (^) broccoli. d. (^) an orange. ANS: B Protein is the fundamental tissue-building substance of the body. Cheese is a food high in protein. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 171 TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation | NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
8. An 8-month-old infant who receives approximately 0.4 L of fluid per day is meeting a. (^) 200% of fluid needs per day.