NUR 172 FINAL EXAM 2024/25 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS UPDATED TO THE LATEST VER, Exams of Nursing

Download NUR 172 FINAL EXAM 2024/25 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS UPDATED TO THE LATEST VER and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NUR 172 FINAL EXAM 2024/25 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS UPDATED TO THE LATEST VERSION WITH 99.99% SUCCESS RATE GRADED A+ What is thrombocytopenia? ✔- low platelet count What are granulocytes? ✔- neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils ( Big takeway is that they are WBC's) Teaching for Iron supplements ✔- -Take on an empty stomach - Take 1-2 hours before meal - Can turn front teeth red Cancer - patient teaching regarding social interaction and precautions ✔- - Wash hands - Wear a mask - Limit interaction too less than 30 minutes Difference between chemotherapy and radiation ✔- - Chemotherapy spreads throughout the whole body and kills everything - Radiation is localized. What stage is HIV declared AIDS? ✔- Stage 3 Normal vs AIDS CD4 Levels ✔- When the CD4 count drops below 200, a person is diagnosed with AIDS. A normal range for CD4 cells is about 700-1,000 Define acquired immunity ✔- An immunity that develops before birth and throughout the lifetime of the individual Digoxin (Lanoxin) - teaching, levels, and OD symptoms ✔- - contact health care professional before taking medication if pulse rate is <60 or >100. - Watch levels normal 0.8-2.0 - Toxicity symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain What is MCV? ✔- mean corpuscular volume. There are three main types of corpuscles (blood cells) in your blood-red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Normal MCV range ✔- 80-100 MCV > 100 means what? ✔- Macrocytic anemia. Common causes include; B12 deficiency, Folic acid deficiency, EtOH abuse, or liver disease What lab is tested to determine anemia? What are the normal M/F levels for anemia? ✔- Hemoglobin Male <13 Female <12 MCV is between 80-100, what is your next step? If this test is greater than 1.3 what are you thinking? ✔- Check creatinine. If creatinine > 1.3 you need a renal consult for CKD MCV is < 80 what is your next step? What do you do if these two tests come back low? ✔- Iron studies: Ferritin (is a protein that contains iron and is the primary form of iron stored inside of cells) <15 ng/ml TSTAT ( you get this by dividing the serum iron level by the total iron-binding capacity. The total iron- binding capacity correlates with circulating transferrin, which is the major iron-binding protein in plasma.) < 20% LOW - prevents normal exchange of O2 and co2 hypoventilation occurs How do we prevent Atelectasis? ✔- Deep breathing exercises and coughing after surgery What does atalectasis look like? ✔- Decreased breath sounds in the region of atelectasis and possibly dullness to percussion and decreased chest excursion are detectable if the area of atelectasis is large. Foods high in iron ✔- foods high in iron! fish, meat, liver, green leafy vegetables. What are bands and segs? ✔- Bands are young neutrophils Segs are mature neutrophils ANC Below 500 neutropenic precautions ✔- Would you expect a cancer patient too have pancytopenia? ✔- Yes What is leukopenia? ✔- low WBC count ...low platlets called ✔- thrombocytopenia If your patient has thrombocytopenia, what lab values would you expect? ✔- Normal: 150,000- 500,000 Below 150,000 thrombocytopenia Teaching for Thrombocytopenia ✔- - watch for bleeding - No IM injections - no straight razor -be gentle with skin and mouth care - No ASA or NSAID - No EtOH Bone marrow transplant teaching ✔- - Explain procedure - get consent form signed - Anti-anxiety medication - Skin numbed with local anesthetic - patient is on there side. Can lay on stomach.. - ask for pain meds What type of dressing is used for bone marrow biopsy? ✔- Pressure dressing Post bone marrow biopsy how is the patient positioned? ✔- On the affected side How would you pick up on bleeding post biopsy? (No outward signs) ✔- - low BP - Tachycardia Teaching for chemo ✔- Systemic throughout the whole body. signs of infection bleeding precautions hand hygiene nutritional requirements Teaching for radiation ✔- - localized Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas ✔- neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils Elevated monocytes indicate ✔- bacterial infection neutrophils elevated ✔- bacterial infection Too many bands means? ✔- Bad infection. WBC's are not maturing. What does a shift to the left mean? ✔- Presence of bands Immature WBCs) or stabs (immature neutrophils) indicates serious infection What are the common side effects of chemo and radiation? ✔- - Hair loss - Nausea - Vomiting - Fatigue Neutropenic precautions ✔- Isolation procedures to protect an immunocompromised patient from infections ANC means ✔- Absolute Neutrophil count What do you wear for neutropenic precautions? ✔- - WASH YO HANDS ****** - mask -gloves -gown IF IT ASKS WHAT IS MOST IMPORTANT YOU WASH YO HANDS - Kiwi - Avocado - Nuts (ALEXIS :P) Why is a person NPO prior to surgery? ✔- Aspiration Do you give BP medications before surgery? ✔- Yes in the AM with a sip of water When is the pre-operative checklist started? ✔- During pre-admission testing (phone call) What perioperative complications will the physician worry about if someone has a BMI of 28? ✔- Healthy 18.5- >25 Increased infection risk Wound separation (dehiscence) Cardiac complications leading to hypoventilation Why do we ask about motion sickness prior to surgery? ✔- Last stage of anesthesia is nausea. Those with motion sickness will need to be pretreated with medication so not too aspirate When is consent obtained prior to surgery? Who gets it? ✔- Admission pre-op area. The doctor, however, it is witnessed by the nurse. Order: preadmission testing (phone call)--> day of "admission preop" What is on the consent form? ✔- Risk, alternatives, benefits When is the site of surgery marked? Who does this? ✔- in the admission preop. Marked by the nurse and the patient. Verified by the nurse What solution of choice is hung for non-diabetic patients ✔- lactated ringers What IV solution do you anticipate will be hung for the peri op patietn ✔- lactated ringer D5W if the patient is diabetic NS if there are live concerns What preoperative complication is Dantralene sodium prescribed for? ✔- Malignant hyperthermia What is the most common post surgical complication? ✔- Myocardial infarction (MI) What is the most common post op day 3 infection? ✔- UTI What are the W's of preoperative complications and teaching? ✔- Wind (PNA 1-3 days post op), water (UTI usually occurs between days 1-3) wound (days 5-30), walking (prevents DVT), waves (monitor ECG for 24 hours) A post of temp of 105 can be normal due to body response from surgery Temp from 99-100 is a sign of atalecasisis Which comes first allergy check or consent? ✔- Allergy check How long before surgery are prophilactic antibiotics given? ✔- 1 hour prior too cut time How does the nurse keep the patient safe during surgery? ✔- - Skin precautions - supply count - keeps traffic in and out of room -maintains sterile field How does the nurse keep the patient safe post surgery? ✔- - monitor vitals signs (every 15 min for first 4 hours) - give back hearing aids - put up side rails - monitor surgical sites for infection - encourage them too get up and walk Explain Time-Out ✔- circulating nurse - Right patient -Right site - 3x Reversal agent for benzodiazepines ✔- Flumazenil (Romazicon) Reversal agent for narcotics ✔- Narcan (naloxone) regional anesthesia ✔- Temporary interruption of nerve conduction, is produced by injecting an anesthetic solution near the nerves to be blocked. For a patient in the PACU, what would you doo if the O2 stats start dropping? ✔- Wake them up Check vitals What we will do for atalectasis? ✔- Fever, increased HR and BP Breathing exercises IS Get moving