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NUR 2063 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL EXAM 2025 |
ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |
ALREADY GRADED A+ | LATEST EXAM |
VERIFIED ANSWERS
How does unstable angina pectoris differ from stable angina pectoris? A. Unstable angina pectoris can only be diagnosed by changes in cardiac biomarkers B. Unstable angina pectoris is not relived by periods of rest C. Unstable angina pectoris is not relived by periods pr rest D. Unstable angina pectoris is not as serious as angina ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Unstable angina pectoris is not relived by periods of rest What symptom would the student nurse expect to see in al client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD )? A. Dyspnea on exertion B. Normal arterial blood gases C. Onset of the disease during young adulthood D. Normal lung sounds ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. Dyspnea on exertion Which of the following describes the type of incontinence due to an increase in intra - abdominal pressure such as coughing sneezing and laughing? A. Stress B. Overflow C. Mixed D. Functional ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. Stress What is the most sensitive indicator of altered brain function?
A. The lack of cerebrospinal fluid production B. The ability to perform complex mathmatics C. Intact cranial nerve functions D. Altered level of consciousness ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- D. Altered level of consciousness Which of the following would result in a prerenal kidney injury? A. Nephrolithiasis B. Hemorrhage C. Benign prostatic hypertrophy ( BPH ) D. Contrast dye / media ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Hemorrhage When arterial blood pressure declines the kidneys secret a hormone to increase blood pressure and peripheral resistance. What is this hormone called? A. Atrial natriuretic B. Erythropoietin C. Antidiuretic hormone D. Renin ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D. Renin Which of the following is a cause of edema? A. Dehydration B. Decreased plasma proteins C. Hypotension D. Polyuria ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Decreased plasma proteins Which of the following is a goal when treating anemia? A. Improve tissue oxygenation B. Reduce oxygen toxicity C. Reduce carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream
Intracellular fluid contains higher concentrations of which of the following? A. Chloride B. Bicarbonate C. Magnesium D. Sodium ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------C. Magnesium What tool is used to determine a client level of consciousness? A. Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) B. Intracranial Pressure ICP Monitoring C. Central perfusion pressure ( CPP ) D. Glasgow Coma Scale ( GCS ) ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- D. Glasgow Coma Scale ( GCS ) Which of the following are backwards effects on right - sided heart failure? A. Peripheral edema B. Pulmonary edema C. Immunosuppression D. Increased urination ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. Peripheral edema What is the gold standard that is used to diagnose ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke? A. Computerized tomography ( CT ) of the head B. Surgery to open the cranium and observe C. Drawing blood sample for electrolytes D. Urinalysis , liver , and pancreatic enzymes ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------A. Computerized tomography ( CT ) of the head Dialysis is a necessary treatment for those in end - stage renal disease because it does which of the following?
A. Adds chemicals to the bloodstream to help the kidney B. Prepares the client for kidney transplant C. Removes excess fluid and waste products D. Filter out bacteria causing infection ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------- ------C. Removes excess fluid and waste products The client with human papillomavirus is at risk for which type of cancer? A. Cervical cancer B. Lung cancer C. Stomach cancer D. pancreatic cancer ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. Cervical cancer What defines a state of equilibrium or balance within an organism? A. osmosis B. Homeostasis C. Hemostasis D. Diffusion ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Homeostasis What causes atherosclerotic plaques to form in the body? A. Poor dietary modification B. Interruption of blood flow to the brain C. Administration of statin medication D. Injury to the endothelium of the coronary arteries ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D. Injury to the endothelium of the coronary arteries Which of the following is a characteristic of disseminated intravascular coagulation ( DIC )? A. Simultaneous bleeding and vomiting B. Simultaneous stroke and heart attack C. Simultaneous clotting and bleeding
B - Autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors C - Increased levels of dopamine in the brain D - Decreased levels of dopamine in the brain ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D - decreased levels of dopamine in the brain A client presents with a lateral curvature of the spine as shown in the image below The nurse knows this is classified as which of the following conditions? A - Kyphosis B - Scoliosis C - Lordosis D - Osteoporosis ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B - scoliosis Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of septic shock? A - Increased cardiac output B - Polyuria C - Decreased capillary permeability D - Decreased cardiac output ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------C - decreased capillary permeability What is the distinguishing feature of Hodgkin disease? A - Human papillomavirus B - B - cells and T - cells C - Red - stained cells D - Reed Sternberg cells ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D - Reed-Sternberg cells The main functional process of the endocrine system relies on which of the following? A - The spleen B - Medications C - Hormones
D - Neurotransmitters ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------C - hormones Which of the following hormones plays a role in decreasing blood glucose by facilitating glucose uptake into the cells A - Insulin B - Calcitonin C - Glucocorticoids D - Glucagon ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A - insulin Which of the following are risk factors for hypertension ( HTN )? A - Low - fat diet B - High sugar , low - fat diet C - Increased physical activity D - Tobacco use - --------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D - tobacco use hypertension ( Which of the following describes the pathophysiology of exercise - induced asthma Bronchoconstriction after ingesting high- allergen foods Bronchospasm after exercise Increased mucous production due to a genetic mutation IgE - mediated inflammatory response to an antigen ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B - bronchospasm after exercise Which of the following imbalances is found in clients with syndrome of inappropriate hormone ( SIADH )? A - Decreased antidiuretic hormone ( ADH ) production B - Increased production of insulin C - Decreased insulin production D - Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone ( ADH ) ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D - increased secretion of ADH
Which of the following hormones do the kidneys secrete to increase red blood cell production? A - Insulin and glycogen B - Thyroid - stimulating hormone C - Testosterone D - Erythropoietin ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D - erythropoietin Which of the following factors is not modifiable for clients with hypertension? A - Sedentary life B - Obesity C - Dietary intake D - Increasing age ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D - increasing age Which of the following is associated with clients who have cystic fibrosis? A - Excessive mucous secretion B - Normal breath sounds C - Excessive urination D - Increased absorption of nutrients ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------- ----A - excessive mucous secretion Which of the following describes the etiology of a cerebrovascular accident ( CVA )? A- Lack of blood flow to part of the brain B - Excessive exercise , such as running C. A ruptured artery in the heart D - A blow to the head from a hard object ---------CORRECT ANSWER------ -----------A - lack of blood flow to part of the brain
What is the best way to prevent spinal cord injuries? A - Administering antibiotics to prevent invasion of bacterial B - Moving the client's neck and spine to maintain mobility C - Having the client bear weight immediately after injury D - Stabilization to prevent further trauma to the spinal cord --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D. Stabilization to prevent further trauma to the spinal cord Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) often causes which of the following? A - Hiatal hernia B - Peptic ulcer disease C - Colon cancer D - Esophageal varices ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Peptic ulcer disease Which of the following describes inflammation of the bladder lining? A. Urinary calculi B. Cystitis C. Pyelonephritis D. Incontinence ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Cystitis Which of following causes hepatic encephalopathy A. Increased ammonia levels in the bloodstream B. Decreased albumin blood levels C. Untreated chronic bronchitis D. A brain infection ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. Increased ammonia levels in the bloodstream Which of the following is a cause of cardiogenic shock? A. Pulmonary embolism B. Myocardial infarction
Which of the following is often the cause of a pulmonary embolism ( PE )? A. Hypotension B. An increase in intracranial pressure C. An autoimmune disorder D. A venous blood clot from the lower extremity ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D. A venous blood clot from the lower extremity A client diagnosed with heart failure displays bilateral pitting edema of the lower extremities Which of the following terms is used to describe this finding? A. Contraindication B. Subjective data C. Symptom D. Sign ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D. Sign What happens to a client with polycythemia? A. Increased lymphatic fluid being produced B. Deficient number of red blood cells C. Increased red blood cells being produced D. Deficient plasma in the blood ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- C. Increased red blood cells being produced Which of the following properties are found in clients with metastatic cancer ? A. Tumors that are well encapsulated B. Cells that genetically stable C. Tumors with slow , stable growth D. Cells that invade local tissue and overrun neighboring cells --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D. Cells that invade local tissue and overrun neighboring cells
Which of the following describes the damage to the brain that results in cerebral palsy? (Double check) A. Transient and resolves in adulthood from physical therapy B. Irreversible and occurs before , during or after birth or infancy C. Reversible with cognitive therapy with the infant client D. Manifested as an adult after normal childhood actives ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Irreversible and occurs before , during or after birth or infancy Disturbances in which of the following would cause a client to experience gout? A. Cardiac function B. Serotonin receptors C. Liver function D. Uric acid metabolism ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D. Uric acid metabolism Questions 35. Which of the following hormones helps to raise the blood sugar level to help maintain homeostasis? A. Antidiuretic hormone ( ADH ) B. Glucagon C. Thyroxine D. Insulin ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Glucagon What physiological reaction happens to the body with the " Flight or flight " Response? A. Decreased blood pressure B. Increased heart rate C. Decreased heart rate D. Constricted pupils ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Increased heart rate
Question 41 What is the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes? A. Overproduction of insulin from beta cells of the pancreas B. Destruction of the beta cells within the pancreas , insulting in an inability to produce insulin C. A pituitary tumor in the brain, resulting in increased antidiuretic hormone production D. Loss of insulin receptors on the target cells, resulting in insulin resistance ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Destruction of the beta cells within the pancreas , insulting in an inability to produce insulin Which of the process of moving air into the lungs with subsequent distribution to the alveoli called? A. Residual volume B. Aeration C. Enclosure vapor D. Ventilation ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------D. Ventilation Which of the following would the nurse expect to find clients with Cushing syndrome? A. Hyperpigmentation B. Excessive production of glucocorticoids C. Insufficient production of antidiuretic hormone ( ADH ) D. Exomphalos ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. Excessive production of glucocorticoids What is the common finding of all forms of heart failure? A. Peripheral edema B. Pulmonary edema C. Reduced cardiac output D. Jugular venous distention ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------C. Reduced cardiac output
A tension pneumothorax requires a needle thoracotomy and or chest tube placement as treatment to treat which component of the pathophysiology of this condition? A. A large accumulation of trapped air in the pleural space , affecting both the lungs and heart. B. Sudden failure of the respiratory system due to fluid accumulation in the alveoli C. An accumulation of blood in the pleural space , which makes it difficult for the lungs to exchange gases D. Extreme pain cause by a fractured rib ---------CORRECT ANSWER------- ----------A. A large accumulation of trapped air in the pleural space , affecting both the lungs and heart. Which of the following describes the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis ( MS )? A. Demyelination of neurons B. Destruction of acetylcholine receptors on muscle cells C. Clotting and bleeding disorders D. Decreased production of dopamine- ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -------A. Demyelination of neurons Which of the following clinical findings would be present in clients experiencing shock? Select all that apply A. Hypertension B. Increased mental clarity C. Hypotension D. Tachycardia E. Altered level of consciousness ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- C. Hypotension D. Tachycardia E. Altered level of consciousness Which clients are at highest risk for pneumonia? A. Those who exercise regularly and are not exposed to pathogens B. Those in their 20s and 30s and generally health C. Those who hospitalized and immunocompromised
D. The bladder and the urethra ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. The heart and kidneys Which of the following represents normal arterial blood gas values? A. pH 7.50 , PaCO2 30 mm Hg , PaO2 80 mm HCO3 28 mEq / L B. pH 7.40 , PaCO2 40 mm Hg , pa02 90 mm Hg HCO3 24 mEqftL C. pH 7.15.25 , PaCO2 52 mm Hg Pa75 mm Hg HCO3 18 mEq / L D. pH 7.15 , PaCO2 30 mm Hg PaO2 50 mm Hg HCO3 24 mEq / L --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------B. pH 7.40 , PaCO2 40 mm Hg , pa 90 mm Hg HCO3 24 mEqftL What of the following best describes sepsis? A. An overwhelming allergic reaction B. Poor nursing and health care provider interventions C. Severe inflammatory response to a pathogen D. Unknown causes resulting in hypertension ---------CORRECT ANSWER- ----------------C. Severe inflammatory response to a pathogen Virchow's triad includes which of the following factors? Select all that apply A. Damage to the arterial wall B. Venous blood hypermobility C. Venous blood stasis D. Increased blood coagulability E. Damage to the venous wall ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------C. Venous blood stasis, D. Increased blood coagulability, E. Damage to the venous wall Which type of seizures result in abnormal neuronal activity in both hemispheres of the brain? A. Automatisms B. Partial seizures C. Generalized seizures
D. Focal seizures ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------C. Generalized seizures Which of the following are clinical manifestation of left - sided heart failure? Select all that apply A. Shortness of breath B. Crackles auscultated in the lungs C. Cough with frothy sputum D. Jugular venous distention E. Periosteal edema ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. Shortness of breath, B. Crackles auscultated in the lungs, C. Cough with frothy sputum Clients experiencing a sickle cell crisis would display which of the following clinal manifestation? A. Bleeding and decreased white blood cell count B. Pain and dyspnea C. Increased mucous production and decreased platelets D. Jugular venous distention and ascites ---------CORRECT ANSWER------- ----------B. Pain and dyspnea How is Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmitted to other? A. Airborne droplets inhaled into the lungs B. Skin to skin contract with the infected person C. Oral fecal and from poor hygiene D. Walking barefoot outdoors ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------A. Airborne droplets inhaled into the lungs Signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction include which of the following ? A. Persistent chest pain which may radiate to the arm , neck or jaw B. Rapid respirations with left - sided weakness and numbness
