NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest 2023 / 2024) Rasmussen 1, Exams of Nursing

Download NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest 2023 / 2024) Rasmussen 1 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest 2023 / 2024) Rasmussen 140+EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ 1. A client has flank pain of 6 on a scale from 0-10. This flank pain is likely because of what reason? – ANS-possible pyelonephritis, with inflammation and stretching of renal caps 2. A client presents with right lower abdominal pain and occasional diarrhea. This is likely? – ANS-Appendicitis 3. A female arrives at the clinic complaining of bleeding between menstrual periods. The nurse identifies this as? – ANS-Metrorrhagia 4. A good explanation for myxedema in thyroid deficiency is? - ANSLack of thyroid hormone contributes to non- pitting edema 5. Acromegaly/Gigantism – ANS-coarse facial features, deepening of voice, increased ring or shoe size 6. An example of a genetic defect in young children with cystitis is? – ANS- Vesicoureteral reflux 7. Cardinal signs of pheochromocytoma? - ANShypertension 8. clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? - ANSExcessive secretion of cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdomen. - 9. Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch marks - • 10. ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor - 11. Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability to severe psychiatric disturbance - 12. Females may experience changes due to increased androgen levels 13. clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus - ANSpolyuria, nocturia, continuous thirst, and polydipsia 14. clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism - ANShypertension and hypokalemia 15. clinical manifestations of primary hypothyroidism - ANSfatigue. - 16. lethargy. - 17. sensitivity to cold. - 18. depression. - 19. muscle weakness. 20. clinical manifestations of secondary aldosteronism - ANSHigh blood pressure. - 21. Low level of potassium in the blood. - 22. Feeling tired all the time. - 23. Headache. - 24. Muscle weakness. - 25. Numbness. 26. clinical manifestations of secondary hypothyroidism - ANSWeakness. - 27. Fatigue. - 28. Cold intolerance. - 29. Constipation. - 30. Weight gain. - 31. Depression. - 32. Joint or muscle pain. - 33. Brittle fingernails. 34. Costal vertebral angle (CVA) - ANSangle formed by the 12th rib and the vertebral column on the posterior thorax, overlying the kidney; percuss for kidney tenderness 35. CVA is pain is another description for flank pain? - ANSTrue 36. Diabetes insipidus is caused from? - ANStoo little ADH production 65. What are the clinical manifestations of chronic gastritis? - ANSinflammation of the stomach lining and anorexia from not eating 66. What are the clinical manifestations of gastric carcinoma? - ANSNo early signs; later signs are anorexia weight loss and GI bleeding 67. What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - ANSExophthalmos (bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism 68. What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - ANSGoiter, fatigue, weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain 69. What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - ANSnumbness, tetany, parathesis, muscle spasms 70. What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - ANSmyxedema, fatigue, cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain 71. What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - ANSfruity breath, drowsiness, nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting 72. What are the clinical manifestations of pyelonephritis? - ANSCVA tenderness, fever, chills, N/V, anorexia which increases fever induced dehydration 73. What are the functions of the kidneys? - ANSRegulation of blood pressure; regulating blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D 74. What are the risk factors for developing chronic renal failure? - ANStoo much Nsaids, chronic kidney disease; diabetes type 1; hypertension 75. What are the symptoms of prositis? - ANSpain, fever, trouble urinating, trouble with urine retention 76. What are the three p's in diabetes? - ANSpolydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia 77. What are the two stress hormones that increase glucose production in the liver? - ANSCorticosteroids - catecholamines 78. What causes acromegaly? - ANSexcessive GH during adulthood 79. What causes flank pain? - ANSkidney stones 80. What causes gastritis? - ANSAcute - circulatory disturbances (shock) and exposure to exogenous irritants (drugs [aspirin], alcohol, chemicals, lactose intolerance) 81. Chronic - cause is unknown 82. is probably mediated by immunologic mechanism or related to infection with H. pylori 83. What causes gastroenteritis due to Salmonella? - ANSRaw or under cooked chicken or eggs 84. What causes greenish- yellow emesis? - ANSBile 85. What causes Hirschsprung Disease? - ANSinadequate innervation of the colon 86. What causes increase in glumerial filtration? - ANSincrease capillary hydrostatic pressure 87. What causes jaundice? - ANSIncreased serum bilirubin over 2.5 mg/dL 88. What disease is associated with jaundice? - ANSCirrhosis of the liver; hepatitis 89. What end periods? - ANSanorexia, menopause, pregnancy, hypothyroidism, adenomas and carcinomas 90. What hormone causes bleeding during menopause? - ANSestrogen 91. What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - ANSGrowth Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and endorphins 92. What increases the risk for bladder cancer? - ANSsmoking 93. What is a complication of removing too much fluid during dialysis? - ANShemodialysis, low BP 94. What is a genetic defect in young children with cystitis? - ANSvesicoureteral reflux; back flow of urine from the bladder to the ureter and renal pelvis 95. What is a hydrocele? - ANSFluid collection within the tunica vaginalis 96. What is acute gastritis? - ANSTransient inflammation of the gastric mucosa 97. What is amenorrhea? - ANS- absence of menstruation 98. What is chronic gastritis? - ANSChronic mucosal inflammatory changes leading to atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. This is mostly due to H. Pylori, but in some cases it can be autoimmune. 99. What is cryptorchidism? - ANSundescended testes 100. What is cystitis? - ANSinflammation of the urinary bladder; UTI, painful burning, itching, 101. What is diabetes insipidus? - ANSa disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss 102. What is diabetes insipidus? - ANSa disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss 103. What is dysmenorrhea? - ANS- painful periods 104. What is dysphasia? - ANSdifficulty swallowing 105. What is enuresis? - ANSbed wetting 106. What is gigantism? - ANShypersecretion of GH in children 107. What is indicative of primary hypothyroidism? - ANSHigh TSH and Low T3/T4 135. What should patients with newly diagnosed pancreatitis avoid? - ANSAlcohol 136. What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? - ANSADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone 137. What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? - ANSadipose/ fat 138. What types of hepatitis increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma? - ANSHep B and C 139. What types of things put a patient at risk for developing acute gastritis? - ANSlactose intolerance, regular use of pain relievers, stress, excessive alcohol use 140. What would the nurse expect to assess in a client with Addisons disease? - ANSsevere fatigue, muscle joint pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, darkening areas of the skin 141. What would you monitor while removing fluid during dialysis? - ANSBP 142. When is enuresis abnormal? - ANSafter age 5 143. When is RAS activated? - ANSlow BP 144. Where does exchange occur in the kidneys? - ANSAs the filtered fluid moves along the tubule, the blood vessel reabsorbs almost all of the water, along with minerals and nutrients your body needs. The tubule helps remove excess acid from the blood. The remaining fluid and wastes in the tubule become urine. 145. Which is indicative of secondary hypothyroidism? - ANSLow TSH and LOW T3/T4 146. Which of the following results from obstruction of the left ureter by a renal calculus? - ANSsevere renal colic 147. Why does metabolic acidosis occur? - ANSexcessive production of fixed acids; - DKA - lactic acidosis - low flow states - loss of buffers, like loss of bicarb from GIT or - inability of kidney to eliminate acids; ie. renal failure