NUR 211 Substance Abuse and Addiction: Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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NUR 211 Substance Abuse and Addiction

Questions and answers 2025

. Nurse's .role .- .ANS✓✓-Prevention, .education, .treatment What .is .addiction? .- .ANS✓✓-psychological .or .physical, .will .risk .negative .consequences, .alter .mood What .is .dependence? .- .ANS✓✓-physiological .need .for .drug, .cannot .control, .withdrawal What .is .codependence? .- .ANS✓✓-cluster .of .maladaptive .behaviors, .using .other .people .or .things .for .coping Tolerance .- .ANS✓✓-Needs .more .of .drug .to .experience .respiratory .depression How .does .genetics .play .a .role .in .substance .abuse? .- .ANS✓✓-Alcoholism .is .hereditary, .less .impulse .control Substance .abuse .amongst .middle-aged .adults .- .ANS✓✓-higher .rate .of .addiction .(baby .boomers), .substance .abuse .more .prevalent Substance .abuse .amongst .elderly .- .ANS✓✓-decreased .liver .and .kidney .function, .drugs .in .system .longer, .substance .abuse .not .recognized .as .early Substance .abuse .nursing .observation .- .ANS✓✓-Poor .hygiene, .watery/bloodshot .eyes, .rhinorrhea .or .sniffing .a .lot, .low .weight, .mood .swings, .paranoia, .lethargic, .poor .balance .and .coordination Recovery .is .a .state .of .- .ANS✓✓-voluntary .sobriety; .patient .must .be .ready How .does .group .therapy .work? .- .ANS✓✓-members .help .each .other .through .process .of .change, .aided .by .group .therapist, .variety .of .settings, .effective .with .children, .adolescents What .is .nicotine? .- .ANS✓✓-highly .addictive .chemical .found .in .tobacco CNS .Stimulant Risk .factors .for .nicotine .addiction .- .ANS✓✓-Emotions .- .stress, .anxiety; .Social .pressure- .smoking .is .more .acceptable .in .some .groups, .teenagers, .out .and

.about; .Lack .of .education .- .not .knowing .the .harmful .effects; .Alcohol .use .- .co- addiction;. 25 - 64 .Y.O.; .Lower .socioeconomic .status .- .lack .of .education Nicotine .withdrawal .- .ANS✓✓-Craving; .Nervousness; .Restlessness; .Irritability; .Impatience; .Increased .hostility; .Insomnia .b/c .nicotine .is .a .CNS .stimulant; .Weight .gain- .eat .more .if .not .smoking Nicotine .complications .- .ANS✓✓-Vasoconstriction, .decreased .tissue .oxygenation, .atherosclerosis, .heart .disease, .hypertension, .stroke, .cancers .(even .w/ .secondhand .smoke), .COPD, .asthma, .macular .degeneration, .cataracts, .PVD, .chronic .cough, .SIDS, .URIs, .otitis .media, .low-birth-weight .babies Nicotine .addiction .treatment .- .ANS✓✓-Smoking .cessation .programs; .Peer .support; .Group .therapy; .Behavior .modification .therapy; .Hypnotherapy; .Acupuncture; .Yoga; .Massage Nicotine .replacement .therapy .- .ANS✓✓-Pharmaceutical .substitute .for .nicotine .in .cigarettes .or .chewing .tobacco, .doubles .the .success .of .smoking .cessation; .Relieves .physiological .effects .of .withdrawal Inhaler .- .ANS✓✓-patients ."puff" .small .doses .of .nicotine .through .prescription .product .that .looks .similar .to .a .cigarette, .menthol .for .smoking .sensation, .use/taper .over. 2 .to. 3 .months, .avoid .if .asthma Nasal .spray .- .ANS✓✓-rapid .rise .of .nicotine .in .blood, .one .spray .in .each .nostril=1 .cigarette, .not .for .clients .with .asthma, .allergies, .or .respiratory .issues Lozenge .- .ANS✓✓-OTC .med, .slowly .dissolve .in .mouth .(20 .mins), .max .20/day Nicotine .patch .- .ANS✓✓-clean/dry .skin, .avoid .using .other .nicotine .products, .stop .if .skin .reaction, .remove .prior .to .MRI, .usually .daily, .change .every. 24 .hours, .shaved .area, .rotate .sites Nicotine .gum .- .ANS✓✓-not .for .longer .than. 6 .months, .chew .slowly, .avoid .eating .and .drinking .while .chewing Bupropion .(Wellbutrin) .- .ANS✓✓-smoking .cessation .and .antidepressant .medication; .help .reduce .nicotine .craving, .irritability, .restlessness, .depression; .may .cause .dry .mouth, .weight .loss, .GI .upset: .N/C, .avoid .caffeine .(insomnia), .avoid .if .at .increased .risk .for .seizures; .increase .fluid .intake How .does .varenicline .(Chantix) .work? .- .ANS✓✓-blocks .some .of .the .rewarding .effects .of .nicotine .and .stimulates .the .receptors .in .a .way .that .reduces .withdrawal .(mimics .nicotine) Chantix .side .effects .- .ANS✓✓-monitor .for .psychiatric .changes, .be .aware .of .preexisting .psychiatric .conditions, .SI, .insomnia, .nightmares .or .strange .dreams

Esophageal .varices .(alcohol .complication) .- .ANS✓✓-enlarged .veins Gastritis .- .ANS✓✓-inflammation .of .the .stomach .lining; .gastric .ulcers Wernicke .encephalopathy .(alcohol .complication) .- .ANS✓✓-thiamine .deficiency, .confusion, .ataxia, .paralysis .of .eye .muscles, .can .be .reversed .if .treated .early, .IV .thiamine .= .tx Moderate .alcohol .withdrawal .observed .- .ANS✓✓- 6 - 8 .hours .after .alcohol .cessation; .morning .after/hangover; Moderate .alcohol .withdrawal .manifestations .- .ANS✓✓-Coarse .tremor .in .hands, .nausea/vomiting, .headache, .insomnia; .Weakness; .Tachycardia; .Sweating; .Hypertension; .Anxiety; .Irritability Severe .alcohol .withdrawal .occurs .- .ANS✓✓-Delirium .Tremens .(DTS);. 48 - 72 .hours .(days. 2 - 3) .after .cessation Delirium .tremens .manifestations .- .ANS✓✓-Body .tremors; .Changes .in .mental .function; .Agitation, .irritability, .confusion, .disorientation; .Deep .sleep .that .lasts .for .a .day .or .longer; .Fear, .hallucinations, .mood .changes; .Sensitivity .to .light, .sound, .touch; .Stupor, .sleepiness, .fatigue; .Seizures .(usually .between. 24 - 48 .hours .after .cessation); .Cardiac .dysrhythmias Stupor .- .ANS✓✓-a .state .of .near-unconsciousness .or .insensibility; .daze Risk .factors .for .DT .- .ANS✓✓-hx .of .withdrawal .seizures, .acute .mental .illness, .abnormal .liver .function, .older .age Overdose .manifestations .- .ANS✓✓-Nausea; .Vomiting; .Lack .of .coordination; .Slurred .speech; .Staggering; .Disorientation; .Irritability; .Critical .situation .in .ED CAGE .questionnaire .- .ANS✓✓-Have .you .ever .felt .you .should .Cut .down .on .your .drinking? .Have .people .Annoyed .you .by .criticizing .your .drinking? .Have .you .ever .felt .bad .or .Guilty .about .your .drinking? .Have .you .ever .had .a .drink .first .thing .in .the .morning .to .steady .your .nerves .(Eye-opener)? Alcohol .abuse .assessment .tools .- .ANS✓✓-CAGE .screening .questionnaire, .MAST, .CIWA Pharmacological .treatment .for .alcoholism .- .ANS✓✓-Benzodiazepines .(1st .line .tx .for .ETOH); .Vitamins- .Thiamine, .Folic .Acid, .Multivitamin; .Anticonvulsants- .Phenobarbital .& .Mag .Sulfate .(seizures .and .sedation); .Antidepressants .(withdrawal)- .Fluoxetine, .Sertraline; .Disulfiram; .Acamprosate How .do .benzodiazepines .treat .alcohol .withdrawal? .- .ANS✓✓-stabilizes .VS, .decreases .seizure .risk, .decrease .intensity .of .withdrawal .manifestations

Disulfiram .- .ANS✓✓-aversion .therapy; .if .ETOH .w/ .med: .nausea, .vomiting, weakness, .sweating, .palpitations, .hypotension Acamprosate .- .ANS✓✓-decreases .unpleasant .effects .resulting .from .abstinence .(dysphoria, .anxiety, .restlessness) Disulfiram .patient .teaching .- .ANS✓✓-avoid .alcohol .(fatal .reaction), .do .not .use .alcohol .containing .foods .or .products, .read .list .of .ingredients .on .food .labels, .do .not .take .for .at .least. 12 .hours .after .drinking .alcohol Risk .factors .for .alcoholism .- .ANS✓✓-Male, .loneliness, .depression, .low .self- esteem; .family .hx .of .addiction; .peer .pressure; .presence .of .mental .illness; .lack .of .family .involvement; .using .highly .addictive .drugs Cannabis .information .- .ANS✓✓-Effects .dose-related; .Respiratory .system; .Reproductive .system; .Euphoria .analgesia, .inc. .appetite, .and .relaxation; .Hallucinations; .Amotivational .behaviors .(chronic/long .term); .Mild .withdrawal; .Chronic .use .leads .to .dependence; .Teens .& .their .developing .brains; .Most .common .illicit .drug Adverse .effects .of .medical .marijuana .- .ANS✓✓-Inc. .heart .rate, .inc. .appetite, .sleepiness, .dizziness, .dec. .B/P, .dry .mouth, .hallucinations/paranoia; .Exacerbate .asthma, .bronchitis, .emphysema, .cardiac .disease; .Drug .dependence Other .CNS .depressants .- .ANS✓✓-Tranquilizers, .sedatives, .hypnotics, .benzos; .Cross-dependence .and .tolerance; .Risk .of .accidental .overdose .Mild .sedation .- .sleep .- .coma .- .death; .Combination .w/ .alcohol Psychostimulants .- .ANS✓✓-Cocaine .& .Methamphetamine; .Euphoria; .Highly .addictive; .Arousal .and .elevation .of .mood Opiates .- .ANS✓✓-morphine, .meperidine, .oxycodone, .hydrocodone, .codeine, .heroin Signs .of .an .Opioid .Overdose .- .ANS✓✓-Blue .lips .or .nails; .dizziness .and .confusion; .can't .be .woken .up; .choking, .gurgling .or .snoring .sounds; .slow, .weak .or .no .breathing; .drowsiness .or .difficulty .staying .awake Methadone .- .ANS✓✓-substitution; .Slow-acting .opioid .agonist, .replaces .opioid .the .client .has .a .physical .dependence .to; .Used .for .withdrawal, .long .term .maintenance; .Taken .orally; .Dependence .will .be .transferred .to .methadone; .Approved .treatment .center; .Slowly .taper .to .avoid .withdrawal Subutex .(buprenorphine) .- .ANS✓✓-Used .for .opioid .withdrawal .and .maintenance; .Decreases .cravings; .Unlike .methadone .may .prescribe .and .dispense, .less .respiratory .depression .and .potential .for .dependence