Nur 5220 Questions With Answers Success Assured 2023-2024 Update A Graded, Exams of Nursing

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Nur 5220 Questions With Answers Success

Assured 2023-2024 Update A Graded

1.ID: 18659201396

Which chest structure contains all the thoracic viscera except the lungs? A. Manubrium Incorrect B. Mediastinum Correct The interior of the chest is divided into three major spaces: the right and left pleural cavities and the mediastinum. The mediastinum, situated between the lungs, contains the heart and major blood vessels. The pleural cavities are lined with serous membranes (parietal and visceral pleurae), which enclose the lungs. C. Sternum D. Xiphoid Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

2. 2.ID: 18659201326 The apex of the lung is: A. even with the second rib. Incorrect B. 4 cm above the first rib. Correct Each lung apex is rounded and extends anteriorly about 4 cm above the first rib into the base of the neck in adults. Posteriorly, the apices of the lungs rise to about the level of T1. C. higher on the right side. D. on the convex diaphragm surface. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1. possible points.
3. 3.ID: 18659202038 Which structure transports and filters air? A. Acinus B. Acromion C. Bronchus Correct The tracheobronchial tree is a tubular system that provides a pathway along which air is filtered, humidified, and warmed as it moves from the upper airway to the alveoli.

D. Stroma Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

4. 4.ID: 18659201380 What is the cause of barrel chest, which is characteristic of many older adults? A. Increased expansion of alveoli B. Decreased muscle strength and loss of lung resiliency Correct The barrel chest that is seen in many older adults results from loss of muscle strength in the thorax and diaphragm, coupled with the loss of lung resiliency. In addition, skeletal changes of aging tend to emphasize the dorsal curve of the thoracic spine, resulting in an increased anteroposterior (AP) chest diameter. C. Decreased expansion of alveoli and increased lung resiliency D. Increased blood pressure and decreased amount of body fat Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
5. 5.ID: 18659201360 The number of each intercostal space corresponds to that of: A. the rib immediately above it. Correct One can count the ribs and intercostal spaces from this point. The number of each intercostal space corresponds to that of the rib immediately above it. B. the rib immediately below it. C. the number of centimeters it is positioned below the clavicle. D. the number of inches it is positioned below the clavicle. Incorrect Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points. 6. 6.ID: 18659201328 The costal angle is: A. located directly under the axillary lines. B. located at the most inferior edge of the rib cage. C. formed by the blending together of the costal margins at the sternum. Correct The angle formed by the costal margins at the sternum. It is usually no more than 90 degrees, with the ribs inserted at approximately 45- degree angles. D. formed by the blending together of the ribs at the vertebrae. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

7. 7.ID: 18659201320

Fetal gas exchange is mediated by the: A. lungs. B. heart. C. amniotic fluid. D. placenta. Correct Fetal gas exchange is mediated by the placenta. Relatively passive respiratory movements occur throughout gestation; they do not open the alveoli or move the lung fields. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

8. 8.ID: 18659201344 The persistence of a round "barrel" chest in a child past the second year of life may be indicative of: A. a chronic obstructive problem, such as cystic fibrosis. Correct If the roundness of the young child's chest persists past the second year of life, be concerned about the possibility of a chronic obstructive pulmonary problem such as cystic fibrosis. The persistence of a barrel chest at the age of 5 or 6 years can be ominous. B. delayed growth and development. C. an immature pulmonary system. D. the possibility of developing pectus carinatum. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
9. 9.ID: 18659202030 Decrease in pulmonary pressure as a result of the relaxation and expansion of the pulmonary arteries at birth causes: A. closure of the foramen ovale. Correct This relative decrease in pulmonary pressure most often leads to closure of the foramen ovale within minutes after birth, and the increased oxygen tension in the arterial blood usually stimulates contraction and closure of the ductus arteriosus (see Clinical Pearl, “Patent Ductus Arteriosus [PDA]”). B. hyperinflation of the lungs. C. passive respiratory movements. D. reopening of the ductus arteriosus. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.

possible points.

10. 10.ID: 18659201318 Which statement best describes the chest of a newborn? A. The anteroposterior (AP) diameter is about equal to the lateral diameter. Correct The chest of the newborn is generally round, the AP diameter approximating the lateral diameter, and the circumference is roughly equal to that of the head until the child is about 2 years old. B. The transverse diameter is greater than the AP diameter. C. The AP diameter approximates the circumference. D. The AP diameter is greater than the circumference of the head. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
11. 11.ID: 18659201368 During what age period is the xiphoid process more prominent, more moveable, and more cartilaginous? A. Adolescence B. Adulthood C. Older adulthood D. Infancy Correct The newborn's xiphoid process is more mobile and prominent than that of the older child or adult. It has a sharp inferior tip that moves slightly back and forth under your finger. The relatively thin chest wall of the infant and young child makes the bony structure more prominent than in the adult. It is more cartilaginous and yielding, and the xiphoid process is often more prominent and more movable. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
12. 12.ID: 18659201394 Nancy is a 14-year-old girl who presents at the clinic with complaints of severe, acute chest pain. Her mother reports that Nancy, apart from occasional colds, is not prone to respiratory problems. What factor is most important to assess relative to Nancy's present problem? A. Anorexia symptoms Incorrect B. Cocaine use Correct If an adult—especially a young adult—or an adolescent complains of severe, acute chest pain, ask about drug use, particularly cocaine. Cocaine can cause tachycardia, hypertension, coronary arterial spasm

(with infarction), and pneumothorax (lung collapse) with severe, acute chest pain being the common result. C. Last menses D. Signs of rheumatic fever Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

13. 13.ID: 18659201332 Which information should be included in the history of a patient with asthma? A. Family members with asthma B. Onset and duration of the current problem C. Allergy skin test results D. All of the above Correct Asthma is a small airway obstruction caused by inflammation and hyperreactive airways. Answers a-c should be asked of patients with asthma as the responses to questions about these topics provide clues for focusing the physical examination and the development of an appropriate diagnostic evaluation. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
14. 14.ID: 18659202042 Which is a serious risk factor for respiratory disability in older adults? A. Difficulty swallowing Correct Difficulty swallowing for any reason poses a risk factor for any population. Older patients may have more difficulty breathing deeply and holding their breath than younger patients, and they may tire more quickly even when well. B. An environmental temperature below 75°F C. Frequent stair climbing D. A history of skin rashes Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
15. 15.ID: 18659201312 A patient with which lifestyle characteristic is at risk for respiratory disability? A. Severe obesity Correct Extreme obesity is a characteristic that serves as a barrier to competent functioning. B. Exposure to ultraviolet lights in the office setting

C. Rigorous daily exercise routine D. Increased dietary fiber intake Awarded 1.0 points out of 1. possible points.

16. 16.ID: 18659202076 Mrs. Jones is a 45-year-old patient with asthma who presents to your office. On examination, chest movement can best be seen with: A. bright tangential lighting. Correct

When examining the chest, having a bright tangential light is needed to highlight chest movement. B. daylight from a window. C. a flashlight in a dark room. Incorrect D. fluorescent ceiling lights. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

17. 17.ID: 18659201364 Both pleural effusion and pneumonia are characterized by: A. tympany heard with percussion. B. dullness heard on percussion. Correct Dullness or flatness suggests pneumonia, atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, or asthma. C. resonance heard on percussion. D. hyperresonance heard on percussion. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1. possible points.
18. 18.ID: 18659202026 Ms. Randolph, who is 74 years of age, has no known health problems or diseases. You are doing a preventive health care history and examination. Which finding is a structural variation with limited clinical significance? A. Barrel chest B. Clubbed fingers C. Pectus carinatum Correct Two common structural findings are pigeon chest (pectus carinatum), which is a prominent sternal protrusion, and funnel chest (pectus excavatum), which is an indentation of the lower sternum above the xiphoid process. D. Retractions Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
19. 19.ID: 18659202086 Mr. Sanchez is a 62-year-old patient who presents with chronic obstructive lung disease. Which finding on examination leads you to document that Mr. Sanchez has a barrel chest? A. There is a decrease in the anteroposterior diameter of the chest. B. There is an increase in the anteroposterior diameter of the chest.

Correct Increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest or barrel chest is a classic symptom of chronic conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). C. There is a decrease in the transverse diameter of the chest. D. There is an increase in the transverse diameter of the chest. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

20. 20.ID: 18659201384 The right and left scapular lines are located: A. superior to each scapula. B. inferior to each scapula. C. lateral to the midaxillary lines. D. parallel to the vertebral line. In conjunction with the anatomic landmarks of the chest, the following imaginary lines on the surface will help localize the findings on physical examination to include the right and left scapular lines, which are parallel to the vertebral line, through the inferior angle of the scapula when the patient is erect. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
21. 21.ID: 18659201386 To inspect the chest, you should observe: A. after the patient begins to cough. B. while the patient breathes normally. Inspect the chest wall movement during respiration. Again, different angles of illumination will aid inspection and help delineate chest wall movement and possible deformities. C. while the patient holds his or her breath. D. with your palm on the patient's chest. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
22. 22.ID: 18659202082 Stridor is usually the result of: A. a rapid collapse of lung tissue. B. air escaping from a traumatic wound to the chest. C. an obstruction high in the respiratory tree. Correct Stridor is a high-pitched, piercing sound most often heard during inspiration. It is the result of an obstruction high in the respiratory Corre ct Corre ct

tree. D. uncontrolled coughing. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

23. 23.ID: 18659202052 Mr. Becker is a 59-year-old patient who presents to your office with chronic respiratory problems. What term would you use to document a respiratory rate greater than 20 per minute in this patient? A. Dyspnea B. Orthopnea C. Platypnea D. Tachypnea Correct Tachypnea is a persistent respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute in an adult. Confirm that the respiratory rate is persistent. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
24. 24.ID: 18659201346 Mrs. Mills is a 61-year-old patient with chronic respiratory problems. Her laboratory results demonstrate a metabolic acidosis. The respiratory pattern typically exhibited by the patient with metabolic acidosis is called: A. platypnea. B. paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. C. Kussmaul breathing. Correct Kussmaul breathing, always deep and most often rapid, is the eponym applied to the respiratory effort associated with metabolic acidosis. D. Biot respiration. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
25. 25.ID: 18659201358 Mr. Edwards is a 63-year-old patient with pleuritic pain and shallow respirations. What term describes abnormally shallow respirations as seen with limited excursion resulting from pleuritic pain? A. Bradypnea Incorrect B. Hyperpnea C. Hypopnea Correct Hypopnea refers to abnormally shallow respirations (e.g., when pleuritic pain limits excursion). D. Kussmaul breathing

Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

26. 26.ID: 18659201356 Which type of apnea is least worrisome? A. Primary apnea B. Secondary apnea C. Apneustic breathing D. Periodic apnea of the newborn Correct Periodic apnea of the newborn is a normal condition characterized by an irregular pattern of rapid breathing interspersed with brief periods of apnea. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
27. 27.ID: 18659201340 While observing a patient's respirations, you note that, on inspiration, the lower thorax is drawn in and the abdomen protrudes. On expiration, the opposite occurs. This may be documented as: A. paradoxic breathing. Correct With paradoxic breathing, on inspiration the lower thorax is drawn in, and on expiration, the opposite occurs. This develops when negative intrathoracic pressure is transmitted to the abdomen by a weakened, poorly functioning diaphragm; obstructive airway disease; or during sleep, in the event of upper airway obstruction. B. Biot respiration. C. Kussmaul breathing. D. abdominal respiration. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
28. 28.ID: 18659201382 Which is a determinant of the degree of retraction on inspiration? A. Respiratory rate Incorrect B. Extent of obstruction Correct As intrapleural pressure becomes increasingly negative, the musculature "pulls back" in an effort to overcome blockage. Any significant obstruction makes the retraction observable with each inspiratory effort. The degree and level of retraction depend on the extent and level of obstruction (see Box 14.6). C. Body temperature

D. Angle of the head of the bed Awarded 0.0 points out of 1. possible points.

29. 29.ID: 18659202014 Mr. Lynch has cyanotic lips and nailbeds. His lips are pursed, and he has nasal flaring. You suspect that he is suffering from cardiac or pulmonary difficulty. What other peripheral sign would support your impression? A. Callus formation on the heels B. Clubbing of the fingers Observe the lips and nails for cyanosis, the lips for pursing, the fingers for clubbing, and the alae nasi for flaring. Any of these peripheral clues suggests pulmonary or cardiac difficulty. Clubbing, enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and/or toes, is associated with emphysema, lung cancer, the cyanosis of congenital heart disease, or cystic fibrosis. C. Graying of the hair D. Swollen toes and ankles Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
30. 30.ID: 18659202050 Which would be an expected finding when palpating the adult chest? A. A costal angle of 100 degrees B. Crackling over the sternal notch C. Greater right chest expansion D. Inflexibility of the xiphoid Correct Expect bilateral symmetry and some elasticity of the rib cage, but the sternum and xiphoid should be relatively inflexible and the thoracic spine rigid. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
31. 31.ID: 18659202058 The feel of "leather rubbing on leather" describes the sensation that may be palpable with: A. crepitus. B. vocal fremitus. C. pleural friction rub. Correct A palpable, coarse, grating vibration, usually on inspiration, suggests a Incorre ct Corre ct

pleural friction rub caused by inflammation of the pleural surfaces. Think of it as the feel of leather rubbing on leather. D. tactile fremitus. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

32. 32.ID: 18659202018

Mrs. Janker is a 58-year-old patient who presents to your office with recurrent respiratory problems. You best assess the quality of tactile fremitus by palpating at which location? A. Along the costal margin and xiphoid process Incorrect B. In the suprasternal notch along the clavicle C. Parasternally at the second intercostal space D. Posterolaterally beneath the scapula Correct Note the quality of the tactile fremitus, the palpable vibration of the chest wall that results from speech or other verbalizations. Fremitus is best felt posteriorly and laterally at the level of the bifurcation of the bronchi. Two methods for evaluating tactile fremitus are with the palmar surface of both hands and with the ulnar aspect. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

33. 33.ID: 18659202024 What structure can be displaced by atelectasis, pleural effusion, or thyroid enlargement? A. Aorta B. Esophagus C. Sternum D. Trachea Correct In atelectasis the trachea deviates ipsilaterally. Thyroid enlargement or pleural effusion may cause the trachea to deviate away from the affected side. Pneumothorax can make the trachea go either way depending on whether there is a tension pneumothorax. In this case, pressure builds up on the side of the collapsed lung, and the deviation is away from the affected side. In contrast, with a simple collapsed lung, the trachea deviates to the affected side. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
34. 34.ID: 18659202010 Percussion of the back should be done with the patient's arms folded in front in order to: A. expose maximum lung area. Correct To auscultate the back, ask the patient to sit as for percussion, with head bent forward and arms folded in front. Sitting moves the scapula laterally exposing more of the lung.

B. make the scapulae protrude. C. prevent attacks of coughing. D. recognize thudlike sounds. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

35. 35.ID: 18659201378 The usual landmark at which the examiner percusses for the lower border of diaphragmatic excursion is the: A. sternum. B. midvertebral line. C. midaxillary line. D. scapular line. Correct Measure the diaphragmatic excursion, the movement of the thoracic diaphragm that occurs with inhalation and exhalation. The following steps suggest one approach to measuring the diaphragmatic excursion: Ask the patient to take a deep breath and hold it; percuss along the scapular line until you locate the lower border, the point marked by a change in note from resonance to dullness; and mark the point with a marking pen at the scapular line. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
36. 36.ID: 18659202070 Which is a reason why the diaphragm of the stethoscope is better than the bell for auscultation of the lungs? A. Amplifies all types of sounds B. Filters extraneous sounds C. Pinpoints focal sound areas D. Transmits high-pitched sounds Correct The diaphragm of the stethoscope is usually preferable to the bell for listening to the lungs because it transmits the ordinarily high-pitched sounds better and because it provides a broader area of sound. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
37. 37.ID: 18659201354 Which type of breath sounds are normally auscultated over most of the lung fields? A. Vesicular Correct Vesicular breath sounds are low-pitched, low-intensity sounds heard

over healthy lung tissue. They are heard over most of lung fieldsm, they are low- pitched, soft and short expirations. B. Bronchovesicular C. Bronchial D. Tubular Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

38. 38.ID: 18659201338 Breath sounds normally heard over the trachea are called: A. bronchovesicular. B. amphoric. C. bronchial. Correct Bronchial or trachial (tubular) breath sounds are heard only over trachea. They are high pitched, loud, have long expirations, and are sometimes a bit longer than inspiration. D. vesicular. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
39. 39.ID: 18659201398 Wheezes are produced by which of the following? A. Fluid-filled airways opening up during inspiration B. High-velocity air flow through a narrowed airway Correct A wheeze (sibilant wheeze) is sometimes thought of as a form of rhonchus. It is a continuous, high-pitched, musical sound (almost a whistle) heard during inspiration or expiration. It is caused by a relatively high-velocity air flow through a narrowed or obstructed airway. C. Collapse of the airways during expiration D. Shunting of air away from an area of consolidation Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
40. 40.ID: 18659202090 At which location would you auscultate to best assess the middle lobe of the right lung? A. Anterior chest B. Posterior chest C. Axilla Correct

Listen systematically at each position throughout inspiration and expiration, taking advantage of a side-to-side comparison as you move downward from apex to base at intervals of several centimeters. The sounds of the middle lobe of the right lung and the lingula on the left are best heard in the respective axillae. D. Midclavicular line Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

41. 41.ID: 18659201334 Your trauma patient has no auscultated breath sounds in the right lung field. You can hear adequate sounds in the left side. A likely cause of this abnormality could be that the patient: A. has a closed head injury. B. has fluid in the pleural space. Correct Pleural effusion, which is an excess of nonpurulent fluid in the pleural space, is characterized by muted breath sounds in the affected area. C. is moaning in severe pain. D. is receiving high oxygen flow. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1. possible points.
42. 42.ID: 18659202040 Thoracic expansion is assessed by: A. measuring the distance the diaphragm moves downward during maximal inspiration. B. observing the distance your thumbs diverge from the midspinal line during quiet and deep breathing. Correct To evaluate thoracic expansion during respiration, stand behind the patient and place your thumbs along the spinal processes at the level of the tenth rib, with your palms lightly in contact with the posterolateral surfaces. Watch your thumbs diverge during quiet and deep breathing. A loss of symmetry in the movement of the thumbs suggests a problem on one or both sides. C. observing the symmetry of the shoulders rising during maximal inspiration and expiration. D. measuring the distance from the middle that fingers diverge toward the midaxillary line during quiet and deep breathing. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
43. 43.ID: 18659201362

Mrs. Alexander is a 36-year-old patient who has asthma. On auscultation of the lungs, you hear a musical squeaking noise. What term do you use when documenting this finding? A. Friction rub B. Rales C. Rhonchi D. Wheezing Correct Wheezing is a musical noise sounding like a squeak most often heard continuously during inspiration or expiration, usually louder during expiration. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

44. 44.ID: 18659202078 You are examining a patient who presented with a complaint of shortness of breath. What direction do you give the patient to enable you to distinguish between a respiratory friction rub and a cardiac friction rub? A. Hold your breath. Correct A friction rub occurs outside the respiratory tree. It has a dry, crackly, grating, low-pitched sound and is heard in both expiration and inspiration. It may have a machine-like quality. Over the pericardium, this sound suggests pericarditis; over the lungs, pleurisy. The respiratory rub disappears when the breath is held; the cardiac rub does not. B. Lean forward. C. Say "ninety-nine" while you palpate the anterior chest. D. Turn on your right side. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
45. 45.ID: 18659202044 The mediastinal crunch (Hamman sign) can best be heard with the patient: A. in a supine position. B. lying on the left side. Correct Mediastinal crunch (Hamman sign) is found with mediastinal emphysema. A great variety of sounds—loud crackles, clicking, and gurgling sounds—are heard over the precordium. They are synchronous with the heartbeat and not particularly so with respiration. These sounds can be more pronounced toward the end of

expiration and are easiest to hear when the patient leans to the left or lies down on the left side. C. sitting completely upright. D. positioned with the head elevated 30 degrees. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

46. 46.ID: 18659202034

Changes in clarity and volume of spoken sounds during auscultation of the lungs can help you distinguish: A. consolidation from obstruction. Correct Greater clarity and increased loudness of spoken sounds are defined as bronchophony. If bronchophony is extreme (e.g., in the presence of consolidation of the lungs), even a whisper can be heard clearly and intelligibly through the stethoscope (whispered pectoriloquy). B. foreign body from mucous. C. pulmonary edema from pleurisy. D. right from left tracheal deviation. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1. possible points.

47. 47.ID: 18659201322 During assessment of vocal resonance, you note that sound is intensified, that there is a nasal quality to the voice, and that e s sound like a s. This is indicative of: A. lung consolidation. Correct Greater clarity and increased loudness of spoken sounds are defined as bronchophony. If bronchophony is extreme (e.g., in the presence of consolidation of the lungs), even a whisper can be heard clearly and intelligibly through the stethoscope (whispered pectoriloquy). B. emphysema. C. bronchial obstruction. D. asthma. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
48. 48.ID: 18659202054 When sound is intensified, there is a nasal quality to the voice, and e s sound like a s. This is called: A. resonance. B. bronchophony. C. pectoriloquy. D. egophony. Correct When the intensity of the spoken voice is increased and there is a nasal quality (e.g., e s become stuffy, broad a s), the auditory quality is called egophony.

Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

49. 49.ID: 18659202088 Tactile fremitus is increased in conditions where there is: A. excess air in the lung tissue. B. an increased respiratory rate. C. an increase in lung tissue consolidation. Correct Gentle, more tremulous fremitus than expected occurs with some lung consolidations and some inflammatory and infectious processes. D. concomitant crepitus. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
50. 50.ID: 18659202048 Assuming that a newborn is not crying, you would expect a respiratory rate per minute of about: A. 10 to 20. B. 21 to 30. C. 40 to 60. Correct The expected rate varies from 40 to 60 respirations per minute, although a rate of 80 is not uncommon. D. 81 to 95. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
51. 51.ID: 18659201316 A father brings his 3-year-old daughter to your office because she has been wheezing for the past 12 hours. The child has no history of health problems and has had regular well child visits. On examination, you find that the wheeze is asymmetric. What problem do you suspect? A. Allergic reaction B. Foreign body in the respiratory tract Correct Unilateral or more sharply localized wheezing or stridor may occur with a foreign body. C. Onset of environmentally induced asthma D. Atypical croup Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
52. 52.ID: 18659202064 Breath sounds in young children that are loud, harsh, and bronchovesicular are associated with:

A. an accumulation of fluid. B. malignant tumors or solid masses. C. normal, thin chest wall structures. Correct Because of the thin chest wall, the breath sounds of the young child may sound louder, harsher, and more bronchial than those of the adult. Bronchovesicular breath sounds may be heard throughout the chest. D. pus-filled abscesses and tumors. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

53. 53.ID: 18659201324 How would you differentiate between a respiratory and a cardiac friction rub? A. Compare the sounds heard through the anterior and posterior chest. B. Determine if the sound is louder on inspiration or expiration. C. Compare sounds at rest and after running in place to increase the pulse. D. Listen to the chest while the patient holds his or her breath. Correct The respiratory rub disappears when the breath is held; the cardiac rub does not. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
54. 54.ID: 18659202006 Which condition is characterized by paroxysmal coughing and inspiratory and expiratory wheezing? A. Asthma Correct Subjective symptoms of asthma include episodes of paroxysmal dyspnea, as well as objective symptoms of tachypnea, paroxysmal coughing with wheezing on expiration and inspiration. B. Emphysema C. Pneumonia D. Pneumothorax Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
55. 55.ID: 18659202072 A "rubbing" that can be felt and heard is most closely associated with: A. pleurisy. Correct Pleurisy is an inflammatory process involving the visceral and parietal pleura characterized by patients reporting subjective rubbing of the

pleural surfaces. B. pneumonia. C. emphysema. D. asthma. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

56. 56.ID: 18659201392 Dullness to percussion in intercostal spaces suggests the presence of: A. cor pulmonale. B. empyema. C. pneumonia. Correct Pneumonia is an inflammatory response of the bronchioles and alveoli to an infective agent (bacterial, fungal, or viral). When examining the patient, ask the patient to raise the arms overhead while you percuss the lateral and anterior chest. For all positions, percuss at 4- to 5-cm intervals over the intercostal spaces, moving systematically from superior to inferior and medial to lateral. Resonance, the expected sound, can usually be heard over all areas of the lungs. Hyperresonance associated with hyperinflation may indicate emphysema, pneumothorax, or asthma. Dullness or flatness suggests pneumonia, atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, or asthma. D. sickle cell disease. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
57. 57.ID: 18659202084 Atelectasis is a condition that occurs: A. at any age. Correct Atelectasis is the incomplete expansion of the lung at birth or the collapse of the lung at any age. B. mostly during childbirth. C. rarely in older adults. D. strictly from tuberculosis. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
58. 58.ID: 18659202062 Which condition is characterized by hyperresonance and a prolonged expiratory effort?

A. Asthma B. Emphysema Correct Emphysema is a condition in which the lungs lose elasticity and alveoli enlarge in a way that disrupts function. When percussed, the examiner will find hyperresonance and auscultate diminished breath sounds, as well as prolonged expiration. C. Pneumonia D. Pneumothorax Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

59. 59.ID: 18659202068 Which is a key indication of lower airway obstruction in a 2 year old? A. Barking cough B. Stridor C. Asymmetric chest movement D. Audible expiratory grunt Correct An audible expiratory grunt can indicate lower airway obstruction or focal atelectasis. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
60. 60.ID: 18659202022 Which finding in a 3-year-old child suggests an obstructive lung disease such as cystic fibrosis? A. Round chest Correct If the roundness of the young child's chest persists past the second year of life, be concerned about the possibility of a chronic obstructive pulmonary problem such as cystic fibrosis. B. Distant breath sounds C. Barking cough D. Abdominal breathing Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
61. 61.ID: 18659201372 As the chest of a newborn is examined, bowel sounds are auscultated in the chest. What is the significance of this finding? A. This is a normal finding in newborns. B. This is an abnormal, but benign, finding in children until 2 years of age.

C. This is abnormal and possibly indicates an enlarged liver. D. This is abnormal and possibly indicates a diaphragmatic hernia. Correct The result of an imperfectly structured diaphragm occurs once in slightly more than 2000 live births. It is suspected if gastrointestinal gurgling sounds are persistently heard in the chest, but wide transmission of these sounds can sometimes be deceptive.

Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.

62. 62.ID: 18659201366 Which patient demonstrates the highest risk factor for respiratory disability? A. A patient with a history of hypertension B. A child who has had a previous respiratory infection C. A patient with paraplegia Correct The patient may be less able to use the respiratory muscles because of muscle weakness, general physical disability, or a sedentary lifestyle. Being male or older; having a family history of respiratory compromise; having a history of smoking; and extreme obesity are additional barriers to normal respiratory functioning. D. An extremely thin female patient Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
63. 63.ID: 18659201348 Diaphragmatic excursion may be slightly elevated on the right side because of the presence of: A. the spleen. B. the right middle lobe. C. the liver. Correct The diaphragmatic excursion is the movement of the thoracic diaphragm that occurs with inhalation and exhalation. The diaphragm is usually higher on the right than on the left because it sits over the bulk of the liver. D. the stomach. Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
64. 64.ID: 18659201342 With which condition should the examiner expect the costal angle to be greater than 90 degrees? A. Enlarged heart Correct A prolonged expiration and bulging on expiration are probably caused by airway outflow obstruction or the valvelike action of compression by a tumor, aneurysm, or enlarged heart. When this happens, the costal angle widens beyond 90 degrees. B. Pneumothorax C. Infant respiratory distress syndrome