Medical Case Studies: Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Conditions, Exams of Nursing

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NUR 6531 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH

ANSWERS 2024 SUCCESS ASSURED

Question 1

Patient report of bladder dysfunction, saddle anesthesia, and motor weakness of limbs. History of significant trauma relative to the patient’s age. Decreased reflexes, strength, and sensation in the lower extremities. Patient report of pain with the crossed straight leg raise. Question 2. Which of the following is a potential acquired cause of thrombophilia? Homocysteinuria Protein C deficiency Factor V Leiden Antiphospholipid antibodies

Question 3

Phalen’s test, 90°wrist flexion for 60 seconds, reproduces symptoms of: Ulnar tunnel syndrome Carpal tunnel syndrome Tarsal tunnel syndrome Myofascial pain syndrome The most reliable indicator(s) of neurological deficit when assessing a patient with acute low back pain is(are):

Parkinson’s disease

Question 4

Which patient would benefit most from screening for type 2 diabetes? A 30 year old female with unintended weight loss. A 25 year old male with family history of type 1 diabetes An obese female with recurrent vaginitis A 50 year old hyperlipidemic male

Question 5

A 72 year old female patient reports a 6 month history of gradually progressive swollen and painful distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of one hand. She has no systemic symptoms but the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), antinuclear antibody (ANA), and rheumatoid factor (RF) are all minimally elevated. What is the Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Osteoarthritis (OA) Lupus Periphera l neuropathy

Question 6

A 32 year old male patient complains of urinary frequency and burning on urination for 3 days. Urinalysis reveals bacteriuria. He denies any past history of urinary tract infection. The initial treatment should be: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 3 days Ciprofloxacin for 7-10 days Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 14 days Ciprofloxacin for 3 days A thymectomy is usually recommended in the early treatment of which disease?

chorea

Question 8

The diagnosis of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in males is usually made by: Clinical appearanc e Viral culture Tzanck smear KOH prep

Question 9

The most effective intervention(s) to prevent stroke is (are): 81 mg of aspirin daily Carotid endarterectomy for patients with high-grade carotid lesions Routine screening for carotid artery stenosis with auscultation for bruits Smoking cessation and treatment of hypertension

Question 10

What is the most common cause of Cushing’s syndrome? Excessive ACTH production Administration of a glucocorticoid or ACTH Pituitary adenoma or a non-pituitary ACTH- producing tumor Autonomous cortisol production from adrenal tissue

Question 11

Diagnostic radiological^ studies^ are^ indicated^ for^ low^ back^ pain: Routinely after 3 weeks of low back pain symptoms. To screen for spondylolithiasis in patients less than 20 years of age with 2 weeks of more of low back pain. When there is a suspicion of a space-occupying lesion, fracture, cauda equina, or infection. As a part of a pre-employment physical when heavy lifting is included in the job description.

Question 12

After treating a patient for Helicobacter pylori infection, what test do you order to see if it has been cured? An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titer A urea breath test A rapid urease test A repeat endoscopy

Question 13

Which appropriate test for the initial assessment of Alzheimer’s disease provides the performance ratings on 10 complex, higher order activities? MMSE CAGE questionnaire FAQ – Functional Activities Questionnaire Holmes and Rahe social readjustment scale

Question 14

Major depression^ occurs^ most^ often^ in^ which^ of^ the^ following^ conditions?

Family history Benign prostatic hypertrophy African American race Age

Question 18

What information should patients with diabetes and their families receive about hypoglycemia? Hypoglycemia is a rare complication. Hypoglycemia requires professional medical treatment. Hypoglycemia is serious, dangerous, and can be fatal if not treated quickly. Hypoglycemia occurs only as a result of insulin overdose.

Question 19

Which history is commonly found in a patient with glomerulonephritis? Beta-hemolytic strep infection Frequent urinary tract infections Kidney stones Hypotension

Question 20

Which of the following is characteristic of a manic episode? weight loss of gain

insomnia or hypersomnia diminished ability to think or concentrate grandiose delusions

Question 21

Central obesity, “moon” face, and dorsocervical fat pad are associated with: Metabolic syndrome Unilateral pheochromocytoma Cushing’s syndrome None of the above

Question 22

Which of the following is the most common cause of low back pain? Lumbar disc disease Spinal stenosis Traumati c fracture Osteoporosis

Question 23

A middle-aged female presents complaining of recent weight loss. The physical exam reveals an enlarged painless cervical lymph node. The differential diagnosis for this patient’s problem includes: Infection Toxoplasmosis

Question 26

Which of the following is the most common causative organism of nongonococcal urethritis? Chlamydia trachomati s Ureaplasm a urealyticu m Mycoplas ma hominis Trichonom as vaginalis

Question 27

The most common symptoms of transient ischemic attack (TIA) include: Nausea, vomiting, syncope, incontinence, dizziness, and seizure. Weakness in an extremity, abruptly slurred speech, or partial loss of vision, and sudden gait changes. Headache and visual symptoms such as bright spots or sparkles crossing the visual field. Gradual onset of ataxia, vertigo, generalized weakness, or lightheadedness

Question 28

What is the first symptom seen in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease? Rigidity Bradykines i a Rest tremor Flexed posture

• Question

An elderly man is started on lisinopril and hydrochlorhiazide for hypertension. Three days later, he returns to the office complaining of left great toe pain. On exam, the nurse practitioner notes an edematous, erythematous tender left great toe. The likely precipitant of this patient’s pain is: Trauma Tight shoes Arthritis flare Hydrochloroth ia zide

Question 33

Which of the following is a contraindication for metformin therapy? Insulin therap y Creatinine

Edema None of the above

Question 34

A positive drawer sign supports a diagnosis of: Sciatica Cruciate ligament injury Meniscal injury Patellar ligament injury

Question 35

Steve, age 69, has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). When teaching him how to reduce his lower esophageal sphincter pressure, which substances do you recommend that he avoid? Apples Pepper m int Cucum b ers Popsicles

Question 36

A patient taking levothyroxine is being over-replaced. What condition is he at risk for? Osteopor o sis Constipa ti on Depressi o n Exopth al mia

Question 37

Diabetes screening recommendations for asymptomatic adults age 45 and over include which of the following: HbA1C 2-hour 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test C-peptide level A and B

AIDS

All of the above

Question 41

Urine cultures should be obtained for which of the following patients? Suspected urinary tract infection in pregnancy Febrile patients Young men All of the above

Question 42

Jennifer says that she has heard that caffeine can cause osteoporosis and asks you why. How do you respond? “Caffeine has not effect on osteoporosis.” “A high caffeine intake has a diuretic effect that may cause calcium to be excreted more rapidly.” “Caffeine affects bone metabolism by altering intestinal absorption of calcium and assimilation of calcium into the bone matrix.” “Caffeine increase bone resorption.”

Question 43

The diagnosis which must be considered in a patient who presents with a severe headache of sudden onset, with neck stiffness and fever, is: Migraine headache Subarachno id hemorrhag e Glaucoma

Meningitis

Question 44

What conditions must be met for you to bill “incident to” the physician, receiving 100% reimbursement from Medicare? You must initiate the plan of care for the patient The physician must be on-site and engaged in patient care You must be employed as an independent contractor You must be the main health care provider who sees the patient

Question 45

The most commonly recommended method for prostate cancer screening in a 55 year old male is: Digital rectal examination (DRE) plus prostate specific antigen (PSA) Prostate specific antigen (PSA) alone Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) alone Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)

Question 46

The primary goals of treatment for patients with alcohol abuse disorder are: Reduction in withdrawal symptoms and reduction in desire for alcohol Psychotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions to decrease desire for and effects of alcohol Abstinence or reduction in use, relapse prevention, and rehabilitation

Scored a 76% on the answers

selected.

This is the Final for Aug 2020 Moussa Class

Infection Traum a A and B

Question 50

A patient presenting for an annual physical exam has a BMI of 25 kg/m2 This patient would be classified as: Underweig h t Norm al weigh t Overweight Obese

Question 51

Reed-Sternberg B lymphocytes are associated with which of the following disorders: Aplastic anemia Hodgkin’s lymphoma Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma Myelodysplast ic syndromes

Question 53

A 77-year-old female presents to the office complaining a sudden swelling on her right elbow. She denies fever, chills, trauma, or pain. The physical exam reveals a non-tender area of swelling over the extensor surface over the right elbow with evidence of trauma or irritation. The nurse practitioner suspects:

Scored a 76% on the answers

selected.

This is the Final for Aug 2020 Moussa Class

Arthritis