NUR257 EXAM 2 COMPLETE STUDY QUESTIONS 2024 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS | RATED A, Exams of Health sciences

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NUR257 EXAM 2 COMPLETE STUDY QUESTIONS 2024 WITH

CORRECT ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS | RATED A+

1. The nurse is educating a client about the care related to a new diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse. What statement made by the client demonstrates understanding of the teaching? "I will take antibiotics before getting my teeth cleaned." "I can get my tongue pierced at a store in the shopping mall." "I will avoid caffeine, alcohol, and smoking." "I can get a tattoo at a local parlor." - Answer>>> "I will avoid caffeine, alcohol, and smoking."
2. A nurse is caring for a client with aortic stenosis whose compensatory mechanisms of the heart have begun to fail. The nurse will monitor the client carefully for which initial symptoms? Dizziness, nausea, diarrhea Exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema Syncope, fever, vomiting Nausea, vomiting, exertional fatigue - Answer>>> Exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
3. A nurse working at a pediatric clinic is teaching a group of parents. A parent asks the nurse if it is okay to let the young child recover from a sore throat naturally, rather than bringing the child to the clinic for diagnosis and treatment. What is the nurse's best response? "Health care providers tend to overtreat children with antibiotics so the child recovers quickly." "It is fine to let the child recover naturally; it will save you time and money." "It is not a good idea to give antibiotics for every sore throat that your child has because of the overuse of antibiotics." "It may be streptococcal sore throat. Rheumatic heart disease can be prevented with early treatment." - Answer>>> "It may be streptococcal sore throat. Rheumatic heart disease can be prevented with early treatment."
4. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis and awaiting blood culture results. The client asks, "Where did I pick up these bacteria?" The nurse is most safe to speculate which of the following? From droplets from a cough

From a break in the skin From the fecal-oral route From ingestion of a food - Answer>>> From a break in the skin

5. A client with mitral stenosis comes to the physician's office for a routine checkup. When listening to the client's heart, the nurse expects to hear which type of murmur? Systolic, harsh, crescendo-decrescendo Pansystolic, blowing, high-pitched Diastolic, blowing, decrescendo Diastolic, rumbling, low-pitched - Answer>>> Diastolic, rumbling, low-pitched
6. A client with mitral stenosis is admitted to the hospital. What assessment findings would indicate right ventricular failure? Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema - Answer>>> Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea
7. While auscultating the heart of a pediatric client who is recovering from acute rheumatic fever, the nurse hears a murmur. This sound may indicate: cardiac tamponade. pericarditis. atrial gallop. valve damage. - Answer>>> valve damage.
8. The nurse has created a care plan for a client admitted with acute pericarditis and a nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to pericardial inflammation. What is an appropriate nursing intervention for this client? Administering around-the-clock opioids as prescribed

Placing the patient in the high-Fowler's position with an over-the-bed table for the patient to lean on Positioning the patient on the right side with the head of the bed elevated 15 degrees Promoting progressive relaxation techniques with the use of slow, deep breathing - Answer>>> Placing the patient in the high-Fowler's position with an over-the-bed table for the patient to lean on

9. A client with infective endocarditis of a prosthetic mitral valve returns to the emergency department with a second episode of left-sided weakness and visual changes. What collaborative management will the nurse expect for this client? higher than usual antibiotic dosages administration of anticoagulants surgical valve replacement embolectomy - Answer>>> surgical valve replacement
10. A client is already being treated for hypertension. The doctor is concerned about the potential for heart failure, and has the client return for regular check-ups. What does hypertension have to do with heart failure? Heart failure occurs when blood pressures drops. Hypertension causes the heart's chambers to shrink. Hypertension in older males regularly leads to heart failure. Hypertension causes the heart's chambers to enlarge and weaken. - Answer>>> Hypertension causes the heart's chambers to enlarge and weaken.
11. A nurse is caring for a client with a cardiac disorder who is prescribed diuretics. What important factor should the nurse include in this client's teaching plan? A discussion on how to avoid direct sunlight when outdoors. A discussion of the signs and symptoms of anemia. A discussion of the required room temperature conditions in the home environment. A discussion of the signs and symptoms of electrolyte and water loss. - Answer>>> A discussion of the signs and symptoms of electrolyte and water loss.

12. A client has a myocardial infarction in the left ventricle and develops crackles bilaterally; 3- pillow orthopnea; an S3 heart sound; and a cough with pink, frothy sputum. The nurse obtains a pulse oximetry reading of 88%. What do these signs and symptoms indicate for this client? The development of left-sided heart failure The development of right-sided heart failure The development of cor pulmonale The development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - Answer>>> The development of left-sided heart failure
13. A client diagnosed with heart failure presents with a temperature of 99.1° F, pulse 100 beats/minute, respirations 42 breaths/minute, BP 110/50 mm Hg; crackles in both lung bases; nausea; and pulse oximeter reading of 89%. Which finding indicates a need for immediate attention? lung congestion blood pressure nausea temperature - Answer>>> lung congestion
14. A client has been diagnosed with heart failure. What is the major nursing outcome for the client? Sleep 8 hours per night. Reduce the workload on the heart. Maintain a healthy diet. Walk 30 minutes three times a week. - Answer>>> Reduce the workload on the heart.
15. Which is a key diagnostic indicator of heart failure? Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Creatinine Complete blood count (CBC) - Answer>>> Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)

16. A new client has been admitted with right-sided heart failure. When assessing this client, the nurse knows to look for which finding? Dyspnea Jugular venous distention Cough Pulmonary congestion - Answer>>> Jugular venous distention
17. The diagnosis of heart failure is usually confirmed by which of the following? Ventriculogram Electrocardiogram (12-lead) Echocardiogram Chest x-ray - Answer>>> Echocardiogram
18. When the client has increased difficulty breathing when lying flat, the nurse records that the client is demonstrating paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. hyperpnea. orthopnea. dyspnea upon exertion. - Answer>>> orthopnea
19. The nurse monitors a client for side effects associated with furosemide, which is newly prescribed for the treatment of heart failure. Complete the following sentence by choosing from the lists of options. Due to the client's high risk for developing _________________ (hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hyperuricemia) as a result of the prescribed medication, the nurse focuses on monitoring the client for _________________ (ventricular arrhythmia, joint swelling, nausea). - Answer>>> hypokalemia, ventricular arrhythmia
20. The client with cardiac failure is taught to report which symptom to the health care provider or clinic immediately? Ability to sleep through the night

Persistent cough Weight loss Increased appetite - Answer>>> Persistent cough

21. The nurse is obtaining data on an older adult client. What finding may indicate to the nurse the early symptom of heart failure? Decreased urinary output Dyspnea on exertion Tachycardia Hypotension - Answer>>> Dyspnea on exertion
22. A client with right-sided heart failure is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. What information obtained from the client may indicate the presence of edema? The client says his rings have become tight and are difficult to remove. The client says that he has been urinating less frequently at night. The client says he is short of breath when ambulating. The client says he has been hungry in the evening. - Answer>>> The client says his rings have become tight and are difficult to remove.
23. A client is exhibiting digitalis toxicity. Which of the following medications would the nurse expect to be ordered for this client? Ibuprofen Warfarin Amlodipine Digoxin immune FAB - Answer>>> Digoxin immune FAB
24. The nurse is preparing to administer furosemide to a client with severe heart failure. What lab study should be of most concern for this client while taking furosemide? BNP of 100 Potassium level of 3.

Sodium level of 135 Hemoglobin of 12 - Answer>>> Potassium level of 3.

25. A client is in the early stage of heart failure. During this time, which compensatory mechanism occurs? Decreased renal blood flow causes the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to decrease secretion of aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone. Low blood pressure triggers the baroreceptors to increase sympathetic nervous system stimulation. Low blood pressure triggers the baroreceptors to decrease sympathetic nervous system stimulation. Increased renal blood flow causes the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to increase aldosterone secretion. - Answer>>> Low blood pressure triggers the baroreceptors to increase sympathetic nervous system stimulation.
26. Which is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in the treatment of heart failure (HF)? Ethacrynic acid Chlorothiazide Spironolactone Bumetanide - Answer>>> Spironolactone
27. A patient is seen in the emergency department (ED) with heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy. What key diagnostic test does the nurse assess to determine the severity of the patient's heart failure? Complete blood count (CBC) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) Serum electrolytes - Answer>>> B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
28. A nurse is caring for a client experiencing dyspnea, dependent edema, hepatomegaly, crackles, and jugular vein distention. What condition should the nurse suspect?

Heart failure Pulmonary embolism Cardiac tamponade Tension pneumothorax - Answer>>> Heart failure

29. The nurse is teaching a client with heart failure about the ability for the heart to pump out blood. What diagnostic test will measure the ejection fraction of the heart? pulmonary arterial pressure MRI echocardiogram nuclear angiography - Answer>>> echocardiogram
30. The nurse identifies which symptom as a characteristic of right-sided heart failure? Pulmonary crackles Jugular vein distention (JVD) Dyspnea Cough - Answer>>> Jugular vein distention (JVD)
31. The nurse instructs a client with heart failure on restricting sodium in the diet. Which client statement indicates that teaching was effective? "Canned vegetables have low sodium content." "Food prepared at home is saltless unless I add it while cooking." "Lemon juice and herbs can be used to replace salt when cooking." "I will add a water softener to my water at home." - Answer>>> "Lemon juice and herbs can be used to replace salt when cooking."
32. The nurse assessing a client with an exacerbation of heart failure identifies which symptom as a cerebrovascular manifestation of heart failure (HF)? Tachycardia Nocturia

Ascites Dizziness - Answer>>> Dizziness

33. A client has been admitted to the cardiac step-down unit with acute pulmonary edema. Which symptoms would the nurse expect to find during assessment? hypertension drowsiness, numbness increased cardiac output moist, gurgling respirations - Answer>>> moist, gurgling respirations
34. The critical care nurse is caring for a client who is in cardiogenic shock. What assessments must the nurse perform on this client? Select all that apply. Platelet level Fluid status Cardiac rhythm Action of medications Sputum volume - Answer>>> Fluid status Cardiac rhythm Action of medications 3 5. A client with congestive heart failure is admitted to the hospital after reporting shortness of breath. How should the nurse position the client in order to decrease preload? Supine with arms elevated on pillows above the level of the heart Head of the bed elevated 30 degrees and legs elevated on pillows Prone with legs elevated on pillows Head of the bed elevated 45 degrees and lower arms supported by pillows - Answer>>> Head of the bed elevated 45 degrees and lower arms supported by pillows
35. The nurse completes an assessment of a client admitted with a diagnosis of right-sided heart failure. What will be a significant clinical finding related to right-sided heart failure?

oliguria S4 ventricular gallop sign pitting edema decreased O2 saturation levels - Answer>>> pitting edema

37. A client with left-sided heart failure reports increasing shortness of breath and is agitated and coughing up pink-tinged, foamy sputum. The nurse should recognize these findings as signs and symptoms of what condition? right-sided heart failure. pneumonia. acute pulmonary edema. cardiogenic shock. - Answer>>> acute pulmonary edema.
38. A client has been experiencing increasing shortness of breath and fatigue. The health care provider has ordered a diagnostic test in order to determine what type of heart failure the client is having. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate being ordered? A chest x-ray An echocardiogram An electrocardiogram A ventriculogram - Answer>>> An echocardiogram
39. A client with acute pericarditis is exhibiting distended jugular veins, tachycardia, tachypnea, and muffled heart sounds. The nurse recognizes these as symptoms of what occurrence? The pericardial space is eliminated with scar tissue and thickened pericardium. Fibrin accumulation on the visceral pericardium infiltrates into the myocardium, creating generalized myocardial dysfunction. The parietal and visceral pericardial membranes adhere to each other, preventing normal myocardial contraction. Excess pericardial fluid compresses the heart and prevents adequate diastolic filling. - Answer>>> Excess pericardial fluid compresses the heart and prevents adequate diastolic filling.

40. A nurse is administering digoxin. What client parameter would cause the nurse to hold the digoxin and notify the health care prescriber? atrial fibrillation rhythm urine output of 300 mL in eight hours heart rate of 55 beats per minute blood pressure of 125/80 - Answer>>> heart rate of 55 beats per minute
41. The nurse is assessing a client admitted with infective endocarditis. Which manifestation would the nurse expect to find? Bruising on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet Raised red rash on the trunk and face Involuntary muscle movements of the extremities Small painful lesions on the pads of the fingers and toes - Answer>>> Small painful lesions on the pads of the fingers and toes
42. During assessment of a client admitted for cardiomyopathy, the nurse notes the following symptoms: dyspnea on exertion, fatigue, fluid retention, and nausea. The initial appropriate nursing diagnosis is which of the following? Ineffective airway clearance Disturbed sensory perception Decreased cardiac output Autonomic dysreflexia - Answer>>> Decreased cardiac output
43. A nurse and a nursing student are performing a physical assessment of a client with pericarditis. The client has an audible pericardial friction rub on auscultation. When leaving the room, the student asks the nurse what causes the sound. The nurse's best response is which of the following? "The layers of the heart become loose from each other and rub together with each heart beat." "The lung surfaces lose their lubrication and rub against the myocardium with each heart beat." "The great vessels rub against the pericardium with each heart beat." "The pericardial surfaces lose their lubricating fluid because of inflammation and rub against each other." - Answer>>> "The pericardial surfaces lose their lubricating fluid because of inflammation and rub against each other."

44. The nurse determines that a patient has a characteristic symptom of pericarditis. What symptom does the nurse recognize as significant for this diagnosis? Dyspnea Fatigue lasting more than 1 month Uncontrolled restlessness Constant chest pain - Answer>>> Constant chest pain
45. A patient is being seen in a clinic to rule out mitral valve stenosis. Which assessment data would be most significant? The patient's has an enlarged liver and edematous abdomen. The patient reports chest pain after eating a large meal. The patient has jugular vein distention and 3+ pedal edema. The patient reports shortness of breath when walking. - Answer>>> The patient reports shortness of breath when walking.
46. A nurse is teaching a client about valve replacement surgery. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the benefit of an autograft replacement valve? "The valve is mechanical, and it will not deteriorate or need replacing." "The valve is made from a pig tissue, and I will not need to take any blood-thinning drugs when I am discharged." "The valve is from a tissue donor, and I will not need to take any blood-thinning drugs when I am discharged." "The valve is made from my own heart valve, and I will not need to take any blood-thinning drugs when I am discharged." - Answer>>> "The valve is made from my own heart valve, and I will not need to take any blood-thinning drugs when I am discharged."
47. The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with rheumatic endocarditis but no valvular dysfunction. On which nursing diagnosis should the nurse focus her teaching? Chronic pain Impaired gas exchange

Risk for infection Impaired memory - Answer>>> Risk for infection

48. A client who had a prosthetic valve replacement was taking warfarin to reduce the risk of postoperative thrombosis. The client visited the nurse at a clinic once a week. What INR level would alert the nurse to notify the health care provider?

3.8 - Answer>>> 3.

49. A client with aortic stenosis is reluctant to have valve replacement surgery. A nurse is present when the health care provider talks to the client about a treatment that is less invasive than surgery which will likely relieve some of the client's symptoms. What treatment option has been discussed? Balloon percutaneous valvuloplasty Placement of an autograft valve Antibiotic therapy Placement of a xenograft valve - Answer>>> Balloon percutaneous valvuloplasty
50. A client with a recent history of atrial fibrillation has been prescribed warfarin. What action will the nurse take to confirm safe dosing? Review the client's most recent warfarin blood levels. Assess the client's apical pulse. Review the client's international normalized ratio (INR). Assess the client's radial pulse. - Answer>>> Review the client's international normalized ratio (INR).
51. The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with aortic stenosis appropriate strategies for attempting to relieve the symptom of angina without resorting to taking medications. What should the nurse teach the client?

To eat a small meal before taking nitroglycerin To drink a glass of milk before taking nitroglycerin To rest and relax before taking nitroglycerin To engage in 15 minutes of light exercise before taking nitroglycerin - Answer>>> To rest and relax before taking nitroglycerin

52. A nurse plans to have an education session with a client with cardiomyopathy and the client's spouse about ways to increase activity tolerance. What instructions would the nurse provide? Gradually work up to strenuous activity. Avoid all physical and emotional stress. Alternate active periods with rest periods. Include isometric exercises in the daily routine. - Answer>>> Alternate active periods with rest periods.
53. A nurse is obtaining a history from a new client in the cardiovascular clinic. When investigating for childhood diseases and disorders associated with structural heart disease, which finding should the nurse consider significant? Severe staphylococcal infection Rheumatic fever Medullary sponge kidney Croup - Answer>>> Rheumatic fever
54. The nurse is auscultating the heart of a client diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse. Which is often the first and only manifestation of mitral valve prolapse? Syncope Dizziness Extra heart sound Fatigue - Answer>>> Extra heart sound
55. A nurse is caring for a young female adult client diagnosed with atrial fibrillation who has just had a mitral valve replacement. The client is being discharged with prescribed warfarin. The

client mentions to the nurse that she relies on the rhythm method for birth control. What education will be a priority for the nurse to provide to this client? symptoms to report of worsening tachycardia related to atrial fibrillation foods to limit (green leafy vegetables) while taking warfarin the high risk for complications if she becomes pregnant while taking warfarin instructions for using the rhythm method - Answer>>> the high risk for complications if she becomes pregnant while taking warfarin

56. A nurse reviewing a client's echocardiogram report reads the following statements: "The heart muscle is asymmetrically thickened and the overall size and mass are increased, especially along the septum. The ventricular walls are thickened, reducing the size of the ventricular cavities. Several areas of the myocardium show evidence of scarring." The nurse knows these manifestations are indicative of which type of cardiomyopathy? dilated restrictive arrhythmogenic right ventricular hypertrophic - Answer>>> hypertrophic
57. The nurse determines that a client recently diagnosed with subacute bacterial endocarditis understands discharge teaching upon which client statement? "Can I take the antibiotics as a pill now?" "I have to call my doctor so I can get antibiotics before seeing the dentist." "I need a referral to a dietician to understand a low-sodium diet." "If I quit smoking, it will help the endocarditis." - Answer>>> "I have to call my doctor so I can get antibiotics before seeing the dentist."
58. A total artificial heart (TAH) is an electrically powered pump that circulates blood into the pulmonary artery and the aorta, thus replacing the functions of both the right and left ventricles. What makes it different from an LVAD? It is specifically designed for long-term use. It is designed for extremely active patients. An LVAD only supports a failing left ventricle.

It never needs batteries. - Answer>>> An LVAD only supports a failing left ventricle.

59. A client comes into the emergency department reporting about chest pain that gets worse when taking deep breaths and lying down. After ruling out a myocardial infarction, a nurse would assess for which diagnosis? Cardiomyopathy Mitral valve stenosis Pericarditis Rheumatic fever - Answer>>> Pericarditis
60. The school nurse is providing care to a child with a sore throat. With any sign of throat infection, the nurse stresses which of the following? Administering antiseptic lozenges Warm, salt water gargling Fluid increase to 2500cc Obtaining a throat culture - Answer>>> Obtaining a throat culture
61. A nurse is admitting a client with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). What medication order will the nurse question? spironolactone metoprolol isosorbide dinitrate enalapril - Answer>>> isosorbide dinitrate
62. A client with a confirmed DVT is being discharged from the ED. Which client statement indicates that the client has received proper nursing instruction and understands how to manage this condition? "I should try not to drink too much during the daytime." "I should lie on my side with my knees bent when sleeping." "I need to ice my leg every 2 hours for about 20 minutes."

"I need to do my leg exercises five times or more every hour." - Answer>>> "I need to do my leg exercises five times or more every hour."

63. A nurse is caring for a client who had an aortic balloon valvuloplasty. The nurse should inspect the surgical insertion site closely for which complication(s)? Bleeding and infection Bleeding and wound dehiscence Thrombosis and infection Evisceration - Answer>>> Bleeding and infection
64. A client who recently had a myocardial infarction develops pericarditis and complains of chest pain rated 6 (on a scale of 0-10) with deep breathing. Which ordered pro re nata medications is most appropriate for the nurse to administer? Morphine sulfate 6 mg IVP every 2-4 hours Fentanyl 2 mg intravenous pyelogram (IVP) every 2-4 hours Acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 4 hours Ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours - Answer>>> Ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours
65. The nurse instructs a client recovering from mechanical valve replacement surgery. Which client statement indicates that teaching has been effective? "I can play soccer in a week or two." "I will not drive until informed by my health care provider." "I have a low risk of developing an infection in my heart." "I will not need to take anticoagulant medication every day." - Answer>>> "I will not drive until informed by my health care provider."
66. A nurse is caring for a client receiving warfarin therapy following a mechanical valve replacement. The client had a prothrombin time and International Normalized Ratio (INR) drawn before breakfast. The laboratory report shows the client's INR reading was 4. What is the nurse's first priority? Assess the client for bleeding and notify the health care provider of the results.

Notify the next nurse on afternoon shift to hold the evening dose of warfarin. Notify the health care provider to request an increase in the warfarin dose. Be prepared to administer an I.M. vitamin K injection and notify the healthcare provider of the results. - Answer>>> Assess the client for bleeding and notify the health care provider of the results.

67. The nurse suspects a client has developed pericarditis after a week of cold-like symptoms. Which of the client's signs and symptoms indicate pericarditis? low urine output secondary to left ventricular dysfunction fever, chest discomfort, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) pitting edema, chest discomfort, and nonspecific ST-segment elevation lethargy, anorexia, and heart failure - Answer>>> fever, chest discomfort, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
68. A client is admitted to the hospital with aortic stenosis. What assessment findings would indicate the development of left ventricular failure? Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea - Answer>>> Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
69. Which would the nurse stress as a periodic lifelong necessity for a client managing infective endocarditis? Exercise regimen Antihypertensive medication Potassium replacement Antibiotic therapy - Answer>>> Antibiotic therapy
70. The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with aortic stenosis. The client is prescribed digoxin. What is the rationale for the medication?

left ventricular dysfunction angina dyspnea edema - Answer>>> left ventricular dysfunction

71. A client is admitted to the hospital with possible acute pericarditis and pericardial effusion. The nurse knows to prepare the client for which diagnostic test to confirm the client's diagnosis? Computed tomography Echocardiography Chest x-ray Cardiac catheterization - Answer>>> Echocardiography
72. A client comes to the clinic reporting fever, chills, and sore throat and is diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis. A nurse knows that early diagnosis and effective treatment is essential to avoid which preventable disease? Rheumatic fever Cardiomyopathy Pericarditis Mitral stenosis - Answer>>> Rheumatic fever
73. The instructor is talking with a nursing student who is caring for a client with pericarditis. The instructor asks the student to name the main characteristic of pericarditis. What should be the student's answer? Respiratory symptoms Dyspnea Fever Precordial pain - Answer>>> Precordial pain
74. The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with pericarditis. What serious complication should this patient be monitored for? Hypertension

Left ventricular hypertrophy Cardiac tamponade Decreased venous pressure - Answer>>> Cardiac tamponade

75. The nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client with a mechanical valve replacement. The client's international normalized ratio is 2.7. What action will the nurse take? Prepare to administer vitamin K. Administer the medication as ordered. Hold the medication and notify the HCP. Asses the client for abnormal bleeding. - Answer>>> Administer the medication as ordered.
76. A nurse is caring for a client with acute mitral regurgitation related to an acute myocardial infarction. The nurse knows to monitor the client carefully for symptoms of which initial complication or result? Cerebral vascular accident (CVA) Infarcted bowel Kidney failure Severe heart failure - Answer>>> Severe heart failure
77. A client who suffered blunt chest trauma in a motor vehicle accident reports chest pain during deep inspiration. On auscultation, the nurse detects a pericardial friction rub — a classic sign of acute pericarditis. To relieve this chest pain, which position should the nurse encourage the client to assume? Prone Supine Semi-Fowler's Leaning forward while sitting - Answer>>> Leaning forward while sitting
78. Which nursing intervention should a nurse perform to reduce cardiac workload in a client diagnosed with myocarditis? Administer supplemental oxygen.

Administer a prescribed antipyretic. Elevate the client's head. Maintain the client on bed rest. - Answer>>> Maintain the client on bed rest.

79. Which type of graft is used when a heart valve replacement is made of tissue from an animal heart valve? Autograft Allograft Heterograft Homograft - Answer>>> Heterograft
80. A nurse is assessing a client with aortic stenosis. What type of murmur will the nurse expect to hear? high-pitched and blowing. low-pitched, rumbling during diastole. loud and rough during systole. low-pitched and blowing. - Answer>>> loud and rough during systole.
81. A client seeks medical attention for dyspnea, chest pain, syncope, fatigue, and palpitations. A thorough physical examination reveals an apical systolic thrill and heave, along with a fourth heart sound (S4) and a systolic murmur. Diagnostic tests reveal that the client has a new onset of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). What will be included on the plan of care? beginning a weight reduction diet establishing a daily exercise program an insertion of an implantable cardiac defibrillator teaching about heart transplantation surgery - Answer>>> an insertion of an implantable cardiac defibrillator
82. A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse. The health care provider indicates the client has probably had this condition for years. What factor is important for the nurse to consider when teaching the client about valvular disease?

"The client may have to wear antiembolism stocking to help with venous return." "The client with mitral valve prolapse probably had no health symptoms." "The client needs premium insurance to cover the cost of medications." "The client's religion may prohibit the client from seeking medical attention." - Answer>>> "The client with mitral valve prolapse probably had no health symptoms."

83. A client with aortic regurgitation is admitted to the hospital. Which assessment findings would indicate left ventricular failure? Orthopnea, nausea, pedal edema Dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) Dyspnea, distended jugular veins, orthopnea Distended jugular veins, pedal edema, nausea - Answer>>> Dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND)
84. The nurse is reviewing the lab work of a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis. Which diagnostic study confirms the diagnosis? Serum cardiac antigens Complete blood count Positive blood culture Immunosuppressant assay - Answer>>> Positive blood culture
85. A young parent brings a 4-year-old child to the pediatric clinic with a mild fever and a red, spotty rash that is beginning to fade. The child's heart rate is rapid, and the rhythm is abnormal. The parent states the child has been healthy until about 3 weeks ago, when the child had a sore throat. The nurse suspects rheumatic carditis. What organism causes rheumatic carditis? Group A beta-hemolytic strep Staphylococcus aureus Epstein-Barr virus Streptococcus viridians - Answer>>> Group A beta-hemolytic strep

86. Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find in the client diagnosed with aortic regurgitation? Systolic pressure is lower in the lower extremities Decrescendo systolic murmur Visible neck vein pulsations Pulse pressure shortens - Answer>>> Visible neck vein pulsations
87. A nurse is assigned to the medical intensive care unit. The nurse auscultates a water-hammer pulse. What will the sound resemble? low-pitched diastolic murmur at the apex quick, sharp strokes that suddenly collapse mitral click high-pitched blowing sound at the apex - Answer>>> quick, sharp strokes that suddenly collapse
88. What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis? Congestive heart failure Degenerative stenosis Rheumatic endocarditis Myocardial infarction - Answer>>> Rheumatic endocarditis
89. The nurse is caring for a five-client assignment on a cardiac unit. In caring for which client would the nurse be most correct to assess for an effusion? A client with chest pain A client with chest trauma A client with aortic stenosis A client with mitral valve prolapse - Answer>>> A client with chest trauma
90. A patient has had a successful heart transplant for end-stage heart disease. What immunosuppressant will be necessary for this patient to take to prevent rejection? Nifedipine

Vancomycin Cyclosporine Verapamil - Answer>>> Cyclosporine

91. Which mitral valve condition generally produces no symptoms? Regurgitation Stenosis Prolapse Infection - Answer>>> Prolapse
92. The nursing instructor is teaching a class on thrombophlebitis. What should the nurse tell the students about the inflammatory response in thrombophlebitis? The inflammatory response is caused by accumulated waste products in the blocked vessel. The inflammatory response is caused by an excess for fibrin in the blocked vessel. The inflammatory response is caused by the irritation of the clot. The inflammatory response is caused by the irritation of blood trying to flow through the vessel.

• Answer>>> The inflammatory response is caused by accumulated waste products in the blocked vessel.

93. A client with infective endocarditis is assessed by the nurse for the presence of Janeway lesions. On inspection, the nurse recognizes these lesions by identifying which characteristic sign? Splinter hemorrhages seen under the fingernails Patterns of petechiae on the chest Erythematosus modules on the pads of the fingers Red or purple macules found on the palms of the hands - Answer>>> Red or purple macules found on the palms of the hands
94. A client comes into the emergency department reporting about chest pain that gets worse when taking deep breaths and lying down. After ruling out a myocardial infarction, a nurse would assess for which diagnosis?

Rheumatic fever Mitral valve stenosis Pericarditis Cardiomyopathy - Answer>>> Pericarditis

95. A client reports headaches and "just not feeling right," which the client blames on ongoing sleep disturbances. Inspection reveals Janeway lesions on the bottoms of the client's feet. These symptoms may indicate: infective endocarditis. myocarditis. rheumatic fever. dilated cardiomyopathy. - Answer>>> infective endocarditis.
96. When teaching a client with rheumatic carditis and a history of recurrent rheumatic fever, which statement by the client indicates that teaching has been successful? "I may have to take prophylactic antibiotics for up to 10 years." "I will avoid any kind of activity." "I will avoid milk, yogurt, and other dairy products." "I will take a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication every day." - Answer>>> "I may have to take prophylactic antibiotics for up to 10 years."
97. It is important for a nurse to be aware of the normal hemodynamics of blood flow to recognize and understand pathology when it occurs. The nurse should know that incomplete closure of the tricuspid valve results in a backward flow of blood from the: Right ventricle to the right atrium. Aorta to the left ventricle. Right atrium to the right ventricle. Left atrium to the left ventricle. - Answer>>> Right ventricle to the right atrium.