NURC 1001 EXAM #3 Comprehensive 2024/2025 CORRECT ANSWERS VERIFIED, Exams of Nursing

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NURC 1001 EXAM

Comprehensive 2024/

CORRECT ANSWERS

VERIFIED

Skin Tear a break or rip in the outer layers of the skin; the epidermis separates from the underlying tissues Stage 1 pressure ulcer intact skin with nonblanchable redness (does not turn white when pressured is applied) Brainpower Read More stage 2 pressure ulcer

Skin no longer intact, fleshy pink base with a break in skin integrity This is where Blistering is stage 3 pressure ulcer Yellow fatty tissue seen at the base stage 4 pressure ulcer Bright Red Muscle or Bone is seen clear liquid diet a diet that consists of foods that are liquid at room temperature and leave little residue in the intestine. Ex: Water, Sprite, Ginger Ale, all beverages without any residue, broth, Jello

Full Liquid Diet Foods liquid at room temp or melt at body temperature; Foods on clear liquid diet PLUS custard, eggnog, strained soups & fruit, vegetable juices; milk & milk shakes; strined cooked cereals; plain ice cream and sherbet; pudding; yogurt nectar thick liquids Easily pourable and are comparable to apricot nectar or thicker cream soups honey thick liquids slightly thicker, less pourable, drizzle from a cup or bowl pudding thick liquids Hold their own shape, not pourable, usually eaten with a spoon

dysphagia difficulty swallowing taut tight alopecia hair loss Nutrition the process by which the body takes in and uses food aspiration Breathing fluid, food, vomitus, or an object into the lungs Convert ounce to ml/cc

30 ml = 1oz. Hypoglycemia low blood sugar hyperglycemia high blood sugar gastrostomy tube a surgically placed feeding tube from the exterior of the body into the stomach Objective Observation an indication of a health condition that can be clearly observed; also called a sign (such as pulse, rate, minutes) Subjective Observation An observation is based on how an individual perceives reality, rather than reality itself. Therefore, this observation could change wildly based on the person making the observation. Dehydration An abnormally low amount of water in the body. seizure

a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time Perineal/Pericare Perineal: cleaning the patient's gential (female) Pericare: cleaning the patient's gential (male) affected side a weakened side from a stroke or injury unaffected side side of body with normal strength and functional ability incontinence inability to control urination shearing of skin An applied force or pressure exerted against the surface and layers of the skin. regurgitation the return of swallowed food into the mouth CVA cerebrovascular accident (stroke) coma state of profound unconsciousness Urethra tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

uncircumcised glans is covered by foreskin (penis) Circumcised The fold of skin (foreskin) covering the glans of the penis was surgically removed coccyx and sacrum tail bone prone position lying face down supine position lying face up Lateral side Fowler's position a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised between 45 and 60 degrees How can skin tears be prevented?

• Nails short
• No rings or bracelets

• Dress carefully
• Move, reposition, and turn patients carefully What are the characteristics of aging skin?
• skin becomes less elastic
• skin loses strength
• fewer nerve endings affect temperature, pressure, and pain sensation
• fatty layer is lost
• skin thins and sags
• folds, lines, and wrinkles appear
• dry and itchy How does affect healing? The healing process slows down What are the stages of a pressure sore? Stage 1 Redness of skin and possible dent created when cross legs, for example. Usually fades fast. If skin stays red, is painful, hot to touch it's stage 1. If skin turns white that's bc blood flow is compromised and there is tissue damage. Stage 2 Looks like a blister, abrasion, or shallow crater. The epidermis is cracked open, creates a portal of entry, and the dermis may also be worn. Stage 3 Epidermis and dermis gone. Subcutaneous fat may be visible and there may be wound drainage. Stage 4 The crater of damaged tissue extends to muscles or bone.

How can pressure areas be prevented?

1. Avoid allowing person to remain in one position for long period of time
2. Use observational skills
3. Provide good skin care
4. Provide good perineal care
5. Anticipate toileting needs
6. Encourage mobility
7. Minimize skin injury caused by friction or shearing
8. Encourage good nutrition and hydration
9. Use pressure-reducing devices How often should a resident change position? 2 HOURS How are pressure areas treated? PUTTING BANDAGES How do injuries to the skin affect the elderly? They get skin breakdowns What are common skin and hair conditions that you might encounter when providing care for a resident? Alopecia, hirsutism, dandruff, pediculosis, scabies, etc.

What is the definition of nutrition? the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth. How does a poor diet affect the LTCF resident? A poor diet can compromise the health of an LTCF resident. Poor hydration and nutrition can mess up the digestive system, skin, happiness. Going off your diet can compromise your health by creating a choking hazard, or risk of edema/swelling. What factors may affect the nutrition of an older person? Culture, religion, finances, appetite What foods (nutrients) would help wounds to heal? Proteins and Vitamin C What is meant by MyPlate? The MyPlate symbol encourages healthy and eating from 5 food groups. Fruits, grains, vegetables, protein, and dairy. Review dysphasia and care of the resident with dysphasia. Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing. When feeding a person with dysphagia, feed the person according to the care plan, follow their diet, know the signs and symptoms.

What is meant by swallowing precautions? Precautions take place to prevent choking or suffocation. Such as positioning the person upright and following the care plan, checking the person's mouth, or looking for signs of aspiration. What is the difference between a clear liquid and full liquid diet? A full liquid diet is when you introduce dairy to a clear liquid diet. A clear liquid diet is foods that can be poured at room temperature and can be seen through. How many mL in 1 oz? 30 ml in 1 oz What is diabetes? What are the symptoms? Type 1 diabetes is when there is no insulin production in the pancreas, and insulin injections are needed Type 2 is when there is poor insulin production, and oral meds are needed to control sugar levels Symptoms include: polydypsia, polyurea, frequent hunger and thirst, unexpected weight lost, frequent urination, hetoasidosis (fruity-smelling breath) Hypoglycemia vs Hyperglycemia: symptons Hypoglycemia: low blood sugar Symptoms: sudden onset, bizarre behaviors, pale, clammy skin, seizures

Hyperglycemia: high blood sugar Symptoms: Gradual onset, hot dry skin, tired, acetone on breath, Kussmauls breathing What is a gastrostomy tube? How do you care of a resident with a gastrostomy tube? Know precautions with the care of a resident with a g-tube. A feeding tube is inserted into surgically created openings (stomy) in the stomach (gastro). Skincare prevents skin breakdown around the stoma. The skin is washed and dried and a skin barrier is applied around the stoma. Ostomy pouches are changed every 2-7 days and should be emptied when it is (1/3) or (1/2) FULl!!!