NURS 302 Final Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest Update, Exams of Nursing

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NURS 302 Final Exam Questions with

100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest

Update

The main purpose of evidence-based practice is to: A. Publish research articles B. Guide nursing practice through research C. Give nurses more work D. Create community-based initiatives - Correct Answer-B. Guide nursing practice through research Experimental studies with measurable variables and outcomes describe this type of research design: - Correct Answer-Quantitative Research Design AIDET is an evidence-based approach to patient interactions. What does AIDET stand for? - Correct Answer-Acknowledge, Introduce, Duration, Explain, Thank _______ is a barrier to implementing evidence-based practice. A. Open-mindedness B. Readiness to learn

C. Ego D. Curiosity - Correct Answer-C. Ego A data collection instrument that consistently measures what it is supposed to measure is: A. Reliable, but not valid B. Valid, but not reliable C. Not reliable or valid D. Reliable and valid - Correct Answer-D. Reliable and valid Individuals having the right to determine their own actions and make their own decisions describes this ethical principal: - Correct Answer-Autonomy Doing good for our patients describes this ethical principal: - Correct Answer-Beneficence Telling the truth and not witholding information describes this ethical principal: - Correct Answer-Veracity

Providing a painful procedure to a hospice patient is an example of a violation of this ethical principal: - Correct Answer-Non-maleficence The _______ guides the ethical principals and practices that all nurses must adhere to - Correct Answer-ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses Vital signs, labs, and physical assessment findings are categorized as this type of patient data - Correct Answer- Objective Data Which phase of the nursing process is demonstrated by a nurse re-assessing the patient's pain level after repositioning?

• Correct Answer-Evaluation Which phase of the nursing process is demonstrated by a nurse providing discharge education? - Correct Answer- Implementation A complete nursing diagnosis should include these three parts: - Correct Answer-Nursing diagnosis, "related to" factor, and subjective/objective data to support the diagnosis

Which of the following nursing diagnoses has the highest priority? A. Acute Pain B. Impaired Mobility C. Pneumonia D. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion - Correct Answer-D. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion Which acronym is used to describe the tool used for nurse- provider communication? - Correct Answer-SBAR When explaining "bad news" to a patient, it is important that the nurse: A. Understand their own scope of practice B. Discuss the results as soon as they are available C. Include all family members in the discussion D. Explain the results to the POA first - Correct Answer-A. Understand their own scope of practice Which action can be deligated to the UAP?

A. Assessing vital signs B. Discharge Education C. IV Insertion D. Collecting a urine sample - Correct Answer-D. Collecting a urine sample This type of communication is often more reliable and includes eye contact, body posturing, and facial expression for example - Correct Answer-Nonverbal Communication Provide an example of an action that would be outside of the nursing scope of practice - Correct Answer-Diagnosing (medical), prescribing, or explaining benefits/risks of procedures ______ is the core of professional nursing - Correct Answer- Caring Which of the following is a characteristic of a profession? A. Education takes place in a college/university B. Workers are supervised

C. Material reward is the main motivation D. Length of training varies - Correct Answer-A. Education takes place in a college/university Which of the following is not a role of a professional RN? A. Advocate B. Educator C. Assistant D. Provider of Care - Correct Answer-C. Assistant Which two requirements are needed to become a professional RN? - Correct Answer-Nursing Degree (ASN or BSN) and RN Licensure Nurses are primarily committed to their: - Correct Answer- Patients Which approach to care prioritizes primary prevention? A. Diagnose and treat B. Disease-focused C. Wonder, Investigate Speculate, Evaluate (WISE)

D. Predict, Prevent, Manage, and Promote (PPMP) - Correct Answer-D. Predict, Prevent, Manage, and Promote (PPMP) By resisting manipulation, nurses are able to: A. Ask questions and be curious B. Investigate the credibility of sources C. Keep an open-mind D. All of the Above - Correct Answer-D. All of the Above Not knowing the ethically correct course describes this concept (moral uncertainty, distress, or delema): - Correct Answer-Moral Uncertainty Moral Uncertainty - Correct Answer-○Do not know the ethically correct course, but feel a nagging uncertainty, a sense that something is not quite right ○Unsure whether there is an ethical dilemma, or unable to identify which ethical principles or core values are involved Moral Dilemma - Correct Answer-○Occurs when two or more opposing actions can be equally justified

○It is impossible to choose an action without some form of loss by not taking the other course. ●Two or more "good" options ●No "good" options—choosing the least "bad" option Moral Distress - Correct Answer-○Know the correct ethical action to be taken but may be constrained What do patients need in order to provide informed consent?

• Correct Answer-Be aware of risks/benefits/alternatives, understand the procedure/treatment, & not be under the influence/coerced This level of education is prioritized among nursing staff at Magnet-Status hospitals: - Correct Answer-BSN This form of socialization occurs in the classroom and through assignments in nursing school (formal, informal, or professional): - Correct Answer-Formal Socialization Levels of education include: - Correct Answer-4-year BSN (BS), 2-year associate degree in nursing (AND), Diploma in nursing (three years of hospital education)

Employment options in nursing include: - Correct Answer- Office based nursing, occupational and environmental health, military nursing, school nursing, hospice and palliative care, telehealth nursing, faith community nursing, nursing informatics, nurse entrepreneur Fundamentals of critical thinking: - Correct Answer-Critical thinking provides purposeful, informed, outcome focused, results-oriented thinking that are:

• guided by professional standards, ethics codes and laws
• identifies the key problems, issues and risks involved
• based on principles of the nursing process, problem solving and the scientific method Barriers to critical thinking: - Correct Answer-Mine is better, tunnel vision, resistant to change, conformity, stereotyping/bias Characteristics of a profession: - Correct Answer-1. The services provided are vital to humanity and the welfare of society

2. There is a special body of knowledge that is continually enlarged through research
3. The services involve intellectual activities; individual responsibility (accountability) is a strong feature
4. Practitioners are educated in institutions of higher learning
5. Practitioners are relatively independent and control their own policies and activities (autonomy)
6. Practitioners are motivated by service and consider their work an important component of their lives
7. There is a code of ethics to guide the decisions and conduct of practitioners
8. There is an organization/association that encourages and supports high standards of practice Formal Socialization - Correct Answer-Nursing faculty as the first mentor, orderly and building block fashion; nursing school - lectures, online activities, assignments, and clinical experiences Informal Socialization - Correct Answer-Incidental lessons; observation in the clinical site, working as CNA, internships

Professional Socialization - Correct Answer-When you become a nurse; absorbing the culture of nursing - rites, rituals, and valued behaviors, learning vocabulary. Learning new roles and anxiety, disappointments and frustrations, and disillusionment Evidence Based Practice - Correct Answer-Focuses on evidence of effective interventions helps prevent nursing practice from deteriorating into routine or traditional care Examples of EBP - Correct Answer-PICOT, AIDET, SBAR, rounding, hand hygiene, skin on skin contact with mom and baby PICOT - Correct Answer-Population of interest, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time AIDET - Correct Answer-Acknowledge, Introduce, Duration, Explain, Thank - provides good communication Quantitative research - Correct Answer-standardized experimental designs with hypothesis, measurable variables and outcomes, and statistical analysis.

Qualitative research - Correct Answer-(naturalistic inquiry or interpretivism)relies on data collection techniques like narrative interviews and participant observation. Commonly used in social sciences where measurement of phenomena may not be possible. Institutional Review Board - Correct Answer-Approves research that does not violate human participants rights Reliable - Correct Answer-consistently - in the same spot every time, but not the bullseye Valid - Correct Answer-measures what it is supposed to measure Quality improvement - Correct Answer-is the systematic approach that is guided by data to improve the quality and safety of healthcare delivery. It focuses on care that is safe, timely, effective, efficient, equitable and patient-centered. Has three approaches: outcome, process, or structure evaluations evals

Components of a Care Plan Include - Correct Answer-All aspects of ADPIE ADPIE - Correct Answer-Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation (know how to apply these in situations) Autonomy - Correct Answer-individuals have the right to determine their own actions and are free to make their own decisions. The patient has the right to refuse medication. We must make sure patient has all information about medications before giving them Beneficence - Correct Answer-Do good Non maleficence - Correct Answer-Do no harm; treatments carry risks but overall aim is for good Veracity - Correct Answer-Tell the truth; avoid paternalism Fidelity - Correct Answer-Faithfulness; do what you are supposed to do

Justice - Correct Answer-equal diagnosis = equal treatment; regardless of race, $, culture, insurance, etc ANA Code of Ethics, The nurse must: - Correct Answer-- Practice with respect and compassion for each person's dignity, worth and unique individuality

• Keep your primary commitment to the patient (indiv, family, group)
• Promote, advocate for, and protect your patient's rights, health, and safety
• You have the authority, accountability and responsibility for your nursing practice. Ensure safe, effective, efficient, ethical care by collaborating with others, seeking professional opinions and delegating tasks appropriately when needed
• Promote your own health and safety as well as maintain your integrity, competence, dignity. Continue your own personal and professional growth
• Participate in establishing, maintaining, and improving the ethical work place environment to promote safe, quality health care
• Advance the nursing profession through research and scholarly inquiry, professional standard and policy development

Problems with social media include: - Correct Answer--The transmission of potentially identifiable patient information. - The blurring of professional and personal boundaries Manipulation - Correct Answer-Form of influence that incorporates dishonest means How to resist manipulation: - Correct Answer-- Be prepared - acknowledge that it will be there in some capacity

• Ask Questions - Be curious
• Be Imaginative - Mental picture of the subject/construct a viewpoint that is neither pro/con when pressured to choose.
• Check sources! Where did the claim originate, are there sources cites, are they legitimate? Errors in Perception - Correct Answer-Faulty ways of seeing reality, prevents us from keeping an open mind. Examples: "mine is better" thinking, selective perception, gullibility, or skepticism Errors in judgement - Correct Answer-Occurs in the process of sorting out and assessing evidence, prevents us from reaching

the most reasonable conclusion. Examples: Double standard, over generalizing or stereotyping, hasty conclusion, unwarranted assumption, failure to make a distinction, oversimplification Errors of expression - Correct Answer-Examples: contradicting oneself, arguing in a circle, false analogy, irrational appeal, sometimes spelling and grammar, be careful what you say while documenting Errors of Reaction - Correct Answer-explaining away (denial), shifting the burden of proof (be prepared to defend your statement, attacking the person Accountability - Correct Answer-Identify problems/change in patient status -> Notify healthcare provider and DOCUMENT, delegate when appropriate (nurse is still accountable), know what is within your scope of practice PPMP Approach - Correct Answer-Predict, Prevent, Manage, and Promote. Proactive approach that starts to manage problems before they arise. Examples include rapid response, immunizations

PMPP Process: - Correct Answer-1. Predict common problems and develop a plan

2. Focus on risk management
3. Use technology to reduce errors and improve accuracy and efficiency
4. Encouarage healthy behaviors Therapeutic Communication - Correct Answer-The foundation of nursing practice, sets boundaries, profession, focuses on the patient's needs, communication is key SBAR - Correct Answer-clear/concise communication tool to communicate with other providers. Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation Therapeutic Nurse-Patient Relationship Phases - Correct Answer-Orientation phase, Working phase, Termination phase Orientation phase - Correct Answer-- Get acquainted,

• establish trust and support,
• share information
• Roles, goals, and limitations are set

• Expectations are clarified Working Phase - Correct Answer-- Problems are identified
• Feelings are explored
• Most therapeutic work is done
• Interventions are planned and/or implemented Termination Phase - Correct Answer-- Final stage
• Patient's goals are met
• Positive and negative feelings
• Feelings should be shared
• Must maintain professional boundaries The common stages of adjusting to illness include: - Correct Answer-- Disbelief and denial
• Irritability and anger
• Attempting to gain control
• Depression and grief
• Acceptance and participation

Internal influences on illness behaviors: - Correct Answer-- Dependence and independence

• Coping ability
• Resourcefulness (cognitive skills)
• Resilience
• Spirituality and religion Impact of illness on families: - Correct Answer-- Family as a system - a change in a member brings about changes to the functioning of the family
• Individual and group coping abilities
• Sick family roles and responsibilities
• Caregiver stress Cultural competence - Correct Answer-- Having the attitudes, knowledge, and skills necessary for providing quality care to diverse populations o Focuses on patient-specific needs shaped by culture o The culturally competent nurse is more likely attuned to health disparities o The "non-compliant" patient and the need to understand the patient's perception of illness

o Avoid assumptions about a patient's beliefs based on their culture, ethnic, or religions background alone Holistic Care - Correct Answer-care that promotes physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual well-being. Providing care for the patient's mind, body, and spirit Handling Complaints: - Correct Answer-- View them as opportunities to improve

• Don't personalize the complaints
• Stay calm don't become defensive
• What is the underlying issue? are they scared, confused
• What does the person value and need?
• Don't make excuses - o can irritate and already upset patient/family
• Involve the patient/family in identifying a solution
• Don't dawdle, report and record special needs
• Keep the person updated
• Follow-up if realistic or have the appropriate personnel follow-up
• Utilize other resources as necessary

o Charge Nurse, Dietary Manager, Physician, House Supervisor, etc. Giving "bad news" - Correct Answer-- Determine who has the authority

• Best qualified should report the news
• Appropriate setting
• Determine what the patient already suspects and/or knows
• Give a warning shot
• Be direct
• Be empathetic
• Ask about special requests
• Be realistic
• Follow-up Handling mistakes - Correct Answer-- Determine the seriousness
• Follow policy & procedures - Occurrence report
• Notify leaders
• Avoid focusing on guilt
• Explore mistake specifics objectively

• Report the mistake immediately after it occurs!! Incivility - Correct Answer-One or more rude, discourteous, or disrespectful actions that may or may not have negative intent behind them Education is always in what phase of the nursing process? - Correct Answer-Implementation Reassessing occurs in which phase of the nursing process? - Correct Answer-Evaluation Which form of communication is most reliable? - Correct Answer-Nonverbal Why is a BSN prioritized for magnet status recognition? - Correct Answer-Nurses with a BSN provide the safest care and less errors occur under their care Moral uncertainty - Correct Answer-we do not know what the best ethical course of action for our patient

Moral distress - Correct Answer-we know what is best but there are barriers preventing us from doing it such as organizational policy, legal barriers, personal beliefs, power differentials Ethical dilemma - Correct Answer-2 or more ethical options and not knowing which to choose. No "good" options so you have to choose the least "bad" options UAPS cannot: - Correct Answer-EAT - evaluate, assess, teach Objective vs Subjective Data - Correct Answer-Objective data Observable and measurable data that can be seen, heard, or felt by someone other than the person experiencing them For example, elevated temperature, skin moisture, vomiting, vital sings Subjective data Information perceived only by the affected person For example, pain experience, feeling dizzy, feeling anxious