NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIO LOGY MIDTERM & FINAL EXAM-with 100% verified solutions-2024, Exams of Nursing

Download NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIO LOGY MIDTERM & FINAL EXAM-with 100% verified solutions-2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIO LOGY MIDTERM & FINAL EXAM-with 100% verified solutions-2024-2025 1. A patient has a history of excessive use of magnesium- containing antacids and aluminum- containing antacids. What lab value does the healthcare professional correlate to this behavior? Answer: B a. Magnesium 1.8 mg/dL b . Phosphate 1.9 mg/dL c. Sodium 149 mEq/L thrombosis, produce abdominal pain. d. Low concentrations of anaerobes, such as Streptococci, Lactobacilli, Staphylococci, Enterobacteria, and Bacteroides, produce abdominal pain. 5.What effect is a result of inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system with adrug such as atropine? Answer: B a . Salivation becomes thinner b . Salivation decreases c . The pH of saliva changes d . Digestive enzymes are inhibited 6. A student asks why carbon monoxide causes tissue damage. What response by the professor is best? Answer: B a . Competes with carbon dioxide so that it cannot be excreted b . Binds to hemoglobin so that it cannot carry oxygen c . Destroys the chemical bonds of hemoglobin so it cannot carryoxygen d . Removes iron from hemoglobin so it cannot carry oxygen 7.A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has a delay in electrical activity reaching the ventricle as seen on ECG. What ECG finding would thehealthcare professional associate with this problem? Answer: C a. A prolonged ST interval b . Variability in measurement with heart rate c . PR interval measuring 0.28 sec d . A QRS complex measuring 0.08 sec 8. Renal failure is the most common cause of which type of hyperparathyroidism? Answer: B a . Primary b . Secondary c . Exogenous d . Inflammatory 9. What is one function of the tumor cell marker? Answer: D a . To provide a definitive diagnosis of cancer b . To treat certain types of cancer c . To predict where cancer will develop d . To scree individuals at high risk for cancer 10. A patient is in the hospital has hypernatremia. What condition should thehealthcare professional assess for? Answer: B b . Uncontrolled inflammation leads to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eventual scarring. c. The release of epinephrine leads to development of cardiac dysrhythmia d . Immunoglobulin G causes smooth muscle contraction which will eventually weaken the respiratory muscles 14.A pregnant woman has Graves disease. What test/s does the healthcareprofessional advise the woman about? Answer: B a . Frequent tests of the newborn's muscular strength and movement b . Blood test for hyperthyroidism c . Monthly OB checkups for fetal anomalies or pregnancy loss d . Serum complete blood count including platelet count 15. Where is two thirds of the body’s water found? Answer: C a. Interstitial fluid spaces b . Vascular system c. Intracellular fluid compartments d . Intraocular fluids 16.A student asks why some vaccinations are given orally and some are given by injection. What response by the professor is best? Answer: D a . Different routes allow the speed of onset of the antigen to be varied, with the intravenous route being the fastest. b . Some individuals appear to be unable to respond to an antigen by aspecific route, thus requiring the availability of different routes for the same antigen. c . Antigen-presenting cells are highly specialized and thus requirestimulation by different routes. d . ach route stimulates a different lymphocyte- containing tissue, resulting in different types of cellular and humoral immunity 20. A patient is having an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. What action by the healthcare professional is best? Answer: A a. Give the patient an antihistamine b . Prepare to give the patient a blood transfusion c. Ask the patient if he/she is having pain at the site d . Apply warm, moist heat to the affected area 21. A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has continuous increases in left ventricular filing pressures. What disorder would the professional assess the patient for? Answer: C a . Mitral regurgitation b . Mitral Stenosis c . Pulmonary Edema d . Jugular vein distention 22.Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone? Answer: C a . Increased heart rate and force of contraction b . Secretion of cortisol c . Increased retention of water d . Breakdown of fat 23. A student asks the professor to differentiate Type 2 diabetes mellitusfrom Type 1. The professors' response would be that Type 2 is best described as what? Answer: A a . Resistance to insulin by insulin-sensitive tissues b . Need for lifelong insulin injections c . Increase of glucagon secretion from beta cells of thepancreas d . Presence of insulin autoantibodies that destroy beta cellsin the pancreas 24. What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis? Answer: C a . Release of inflammatory cytokines b . Macrophages adhere to vessel walls c . Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery wall d . Release of the platelet-deprived growth factor 25. A patient is having a spirometry measurement done and asks thehealthcare professional to explain this test. What response by the professional is best? Answer: B