NURS 6521-Pharmacology-quiz 10-with verified answers-2024-2025.docx, Exams of Nursing

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NURS 6521-

Pharmacology-quiz 10-

with verified answers-

Question 1 1 out of 1 points A patient has acquired primary hypogonadism and has been prescribed testosterone transdermal (Androderm) patches. When educating the patient on how to administer the drug, the nurse will instruct him to Respons e Feedbac k: The patient should place the patch on the back, abdomen, upper arms, or thighs. He should not place it on the scrotum or on bony areas such as the shoulder or the hip. The skin area should not be oily, damaged, or irritated. The patch should stay in place for 7 days before replacement.

- Question (^2) 1 out of 1 points Alendronate (Fosamax) is prescribed for a 67-year-old postmenopausal woman. In order to help prevent gastrointestinal distress, the nurse will advise the patient to Respon se Feedbac k : To decrease gastrointestinal distress, the patient should stand or sit upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the drug. Drinking at least 6 to 8 oz of water with the drug helps maximize the therapeutic effect of the drug. The patient should also take calcium and vitamin D supplements along with lifting weights to improve the success of therapy, but these interventions would not directly serve to decrease gastrointestinal distress. - Question (^3) 1 out of 1 points A patient is taking flavoxate hydrochloride (Urispas) to help control an overactive bladder. On a follow-up visit to the clinic, the nurse will question the patient about which of the following? Respons e Feedbac k: Because a prominent anticholinergic effect is dry mouth, good oral hygiene is very important to prevent dental caries and gum disorders. Dryness may be relieved with hard candies, chewing gum, or lip gloss. Chronic

d i arrhea, headaches, and a special diet are not issues with this drug.

- Question (^4) 1 out of 1 points A nurse is discussing with a 58-year-old male patient the causes of erectile dysfunction in men over 50 years of age. Which of the following will the nurse inform the patient is the primary physical cause of erectile dysfunction of men in this age group? Respon se Feedbac k : Vascular disease is the most common physical cause of erectile dysfunction. Atherosclerosis of the penile artery is the primary cause of erectile dysfunction in more than half of men over age

50. Men with diabetes are more prone to erectile dysfunction

D r u g s m a y c o m p e t e w i t h t h e h o r m o n e s o f p r e g n a n c y f or albumin-binding sites, which may result in a larger amount of unbound (or free) drug in circulation, leaving the drug available to cross the placental membrane and enter the fetal circulation. A drug does not enter the fetal circulation as a direct result of increases in blood volume and heart rate or the occurrence of

hemodilution.

- Question 8 1 out of 1 points A male patient with a medical background tells the nurse that he is not satisfied with the oral synthetic testosterone that has been prescribed for him and he would like to try a natural form of oral testosterone. Which of the following would be an appropriate response by the nurse? Respon se Feedbac k : Natural testosterone undergoes a high first-pass effect and is therefore not used orally. The form of testosterone that is used orally is a synthetic androgen that is less extensively metabolized and has a longer half-life than natural testosterones. Natural testosterone does not pose a higher risk of gynecomastia. - Question (^9) 1 out of 1 points On the advice of her sister, a 52-year-old woman has visited her nurse practitioner to discuss the potential benefits of hormone replacement therapy in controlling the symptoms of menopause. Which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate? Respon se Feedbac k : Research from the WHI trial indicates that estrogen given to postmenopausal women in combination with progestin significantly increases the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD). HRT is associated with increased, not decreased, risk of breast cancer and it may complicate early diagnosis of the disease. HRT does not exacerbate low bone density or constitute a risk factor for osteoporosis. - Question (^10) 1 out of 1 points Which of the following would the nurse include in a teaching plan about the signs and symptoms of thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism that should be reported by a patient taking estrogen? Respon se Feedbac k : Pain in the groin, headaches, dizziness, and chest pain are symptoms of thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism, which are two common adverse effects of taking estrogen. Cholestatic jaundice is an adverse effect of estrogen. Amenorrhea is an indication for progesterone therapy. Breast tenderness is an adverse effect of progesterone. - Question 11

infarction. The combination of testosterone therapy and a history of myocardial infarction would place that patient at a significantly higher risk of Respon se Feedbac k : A patient who has had a myocardial infarction and is prescribed testosterone is at a significantly higher risk for hypercholesterolemia. Patients taking testosterone are also at increased risk for prostate cancer and acute urethral obstruction; however, these risks are less significant. Gynecomastia is simply a side effect of the drug.

- Question (^12) 1 out of 1 points Alprostadil (Caverject), a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction, has been prescribed to a 42-year-old patient. When providing education to the patient and his wife, the nurse should inform the wife about which of the following adverse effects? Respon se Feedbac k : Vaginal burning, itching, or both can occur in the female partner of a man using intraurethral alprostadil. The nurse will advise the wife to be aware that this is a possibility. The pharmacodynamics of alprostadil may lead to hemodynamic changes such as low blood pressure and increased heart rate in the man. However, these changes are not clinically important and would not affect the female partner. The drug is not known to decrease sexual desire in either men or women. - Question (^13) 1 out of 1 points A male patient is trying to decide if he should use finasteride (Proscar) to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). When providing information about the drug, the nurse will include which of the following as a risk associated with finasteride therapy? Respon se Feedbac k : Adverse effects are usually uncommon with finasteride therapy. However, there is a risk of sexual dysfunction related to the use of the drug. Excess fluid volume related to potential effects of drug therapy and hypercalcemia related to drug therapy, immobility, and breast cancer are risks associated with testosterone therapy. Finasteride does not present a risk of neoplasms. - Question (^14) 1 out of 1 points A 20-year-old woman has been prescribed estrogen. As with all women taking estrogen, the nurse will carefully monitor the

patient for which of the following? Response (^) Women taking estrogen are at an increased risk of

Respon se Feedbac k : Most anticonvulsant drugs can have a teratogenic effect on the fetus. Dilantin can cause fetal hydantoin syndrome, which is characterized by craniofacial abnormalities, limb defects, growth deficiency, and mental deficiency. Insulin is not harmful in the pregnant woman, since it cannot pass through to the

placenta. Lasix is classified as a category C drug, which indicates that animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus but there are no adequate studies in humans. Advil is classified as a category B drug, which indicates that animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in pregnant women during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Advil is, however, considered a category D drug during the third semester (there is evidence of human fetal risk).

- Question 18 A patient is being discharged from the hospital and will be taking 0 out of 1 points oxybutynin (Ditropan) for overactive bladder. The nurse will instruct the patient that she will be taking a medication Respons e Feedbac k: Oxybutynin is available as a transdermal patch and causes dry mouth approximately 60% of patients. The drug is not noted to cause palpitations or lightheadedness and it is not administered as an IM injection. - Question (^19) 1 out of 1 points A nurse is working with a patient in the clinic who has erectile dysfunction. The patient has been prescribed sildenafil (Viagra). The patient wants to do everything he can to promote effectiveness of the drug. The nurse will instruct him to Respon se Feedbac k : Maximum plasma concentrations of sildenafil are reached within 30 to 120 minutes of oral dosing when taken on an empty stomach. The most frequent peak time is 60 minutes. However, when the drug is taken with a high-fat meal, absorption is slow and 60 extra minutes are needed to reach peak plasma levels. A high-fat meal reduces peak serum concentrations by 29%. Therefore, the patient should be advised to avoid high-fat meals when ingesting the drug. Avoiding a high-protein meal or drinking fluids will not help achieve quick effects from the drug. It is not advisable to increase the dosage of the drug without consulting the prescriber. - Question (^20) 1 out of 1 points A 56-year-old woman will soon begin treatment of her overactive bladder with tolterodine (Detrol). What patient teaching should the nurse provide to this woman?

not associated with alterations in cardiac function and it is not contraindicated with hormone therapy. Hematuria is a pathological finding that would warrant follow up.

- Question 21 1 out of 1 points The nurse recognizes that the potential for teratogenic drug effects is not static throughout the prenatal and postnatal periods. The potential for teratogenic effects is highest during Respons e Feedbac k: The critical period of organogenesis, during which the major fetal organs form, is from implantation up to approximately day 58 to 60 after conception. If drugs that cause teratogenic effects are administered during this period, major malformations of fetal organ systems may result. - Question (^22) 1 out of 1 points A woman is receiving magnesium sulfate for intrapartum eclampsia. The patient is perspiring and her blood pressure is 88/50. The serum magnesium level is 10 mg/dL. The nurse will interpret these manifestations as Respon se Feedbac k : Maternal adverse effects from magnesium sulfate toxicity are sweating, hypotension, flaccid paralysis, hypothermia, and cardiac depression. A serum level of 10 to 12 mg/dL is associated with toxicity (normal levels without infusion of magnesium sulfate are 1.8–3 mg/dL). Common adverse effects include headache, hyporeflexia, weakness, thirst, flushing, and burning at the infusion site. These manifestations do not indicate hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reactions. - Question (^23) 1 out of 1 points A 68-year-old man is being treated for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and began treatment with finasteride (Proscar) 3 months ago. When planning the care of this patient, what desired outcome should the nurse prioritize? Respon se Feedbac k : The primary goal of treatment with finasteride is to facilitate complete bladder emptying, resulting in less urgency and decreased frequency of voiding. Urethral pain, sexual side effects, and hematuria are possible but less commonly associated with BPH. Consequently, outcomes relating to bladder emptying would be prioritized.

- Question 24 A nurse is instructing a 19-year-old female patient on the use of 1 out of 1 points

In a p at ie nt receiving warfarin concomitantly with etoposide, prothrombin time can become elevated and place the patient at an increased risk of bleeding. The heart rate, drug serum levels, and liver enzymes are not affected by concomitant use of warfarin.

- Question (^28) 1 out of 1 points

A 36-year-old woman with a history of dysmenorrhea has begun treatment with progesterone, which she will be receiving by the intramuscular route. The nurse participating in the woman's care should prioritize which of the following potential nursing diagnoses? Respons e Feedbac k: Progesterone therapy carries risks of thrombotic events and vision loss. It is not associated with fluid loss, incontinence, or cognitive changes.

- Question (^29) 1 out of 1 points A nurse is assigned to a patient who is at 32 weeks' gestation and is receiving terbutaline (Brethine) IV for 24 hours to control preterm labor. Which of the following nursing actions will the nurse take to decrease the risk of hypotension and promote circulation to the fetus? Respon se Feedbac k : In a patient receiving terbutaline, the nurse should closely monitor the patient's pulse rate and blood pressure. In addition, to increase placental perfusion, the nurse should have the patient lie on her left side during the infusion. This will help minimize the risk for hypotension and promote circulation to the fetus. Palpitations are a common adverse effect of the drug and should be reported but are unrelated to hypotension and fetal circulation. The nurse should advise the patient to limit her fluid intake during the infusion because of possible fluid overload. However, this, too, is unrelated to hypotension and fetal circulation. - Question (^30) 1 out of 1 points After 6 months of unsuccessfully trying to conceive, a 31-year-old woman and her husband have sought a referral to a fertility specialist in order to explore their options. A nurse at the clinic should recognize that the woman may benefit from Respon se Feedbac k : Clomiphene is used in treating ovulatory failure in patients who want to become pregnant and have a fertile partner. Estrogen and progesterone are contraindicated in women who may become pregnant and neither drug increases the chance of conception. Mifepristone is used to end an early pregnancy. - Question (^31) 1 out of 1 points

with finasteride therapy.

- Question 32 1 out of 1 points A nurse is working with a 16-year-old pregnant teen and assessing for behavior that may put the baby at risk. The most important assessment the nurse can make is Respons e Feedbac k: Adolescents are prone to experimentation with various substances, both legal and nonlegal; assessments related to this phenomenon are important during pregnancy. Insurance coverage, exercise, and dietary habits are considered less important. - Question 33 A 66-year-old man has made an appointment with his primary care 1 out of 1 points provider to discuss his recent erectile dysfunction (ED) and has requested a prescription for tadalafil (Cialis) based on television commercials he has seen. What characteristic of this patient would most likely contraindicate the use of tadalafil for his ED? Respon se Feedbac k : Like the other drugs in this class, tadalafil should not be taken within 48 hours of taking nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, because substantially lower blood pressure and possibly death may result. Nitroglycerin use is a contraindication for taking tadalafil, as it is for all drugs in this class. Allopurinol, ginseng, and low bone density do not contraindicate the use of tadalafil. - Question (^34) 1 out of 1 points The nurse practitioner has recommended that a breast-feeding woman take her prescribed medications just before her infant takes his longest nap of the day. The woman does not understand and asks the nurse to explain. The nurse will tell the woman that the recommendation was made to Respon se Feedbac k : One of the methods used to reduce neonatal drug exposure is to schedule drug therapy just after breast- feeding or before the infant goes to sleep for several hours. A drug's half-life helps to determine when breast- feeding can begin again. Assessing the blood concentration of the drug and the drug's potential adverse effects helps to determine the safest drug possible. - Question 35 (^) A man has a

demonstrated history of androgen deficiency and the 1 out of 1 points consequences of this health problem include an inability to maintain an erection. Which of the following medications would best address this