Download NURS6501 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm & Final Exam Part 1 (Walden University) and more Exams Pathophysiology in PDF only on Docsity! Walden University NURS6501 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm & Final Exam Part 1 NURS 6501 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm & Final Exam Part 1 26 of the 100 Questions on the Multiple Choice Test *with Answers Note: This document is the summation of test questions and answers found on the NURS 6501 course Mid-term and Final exams. The document is intended to facilitate remediation and review of the NURS 6501 Mid-term and Final exams. This document is not intended for the purpose of cheating or academic dishonesty. Please note that the issuer will not be held liable for the misuse of the document for its original and intended purpose(s). 1. d. Potassium 2.5 mEq/L A patient has a history of excessive use of magnesium-containing antacids and aluminum-containing antacids. What lab value does the healthcare professional correlate to this behavior? Answer: B a. Magnesium 1.8 mg/dL b. Phosphate 1.9 mg/dL c. Sodium 149 mEq/L c. PR interval measuring 0.28 sec d. A QRS complex measuring 0.08 sec 9. 10. A patient is in the hospital has hypernatremia. What condition should the healthcare professional assess for? Answer: B a. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone b. Hyper secretion of aldosterone c. Brief bouts of vomiting or diarrhea d. Excessive diuretic therapy What is one function of the tumor cell marker? Answer: D a. To provide a definitive diagnosis of cancer b. To treat certain types of cancer c. To predict where cancer will develop d. To scree individuals at high risk for cancer 8. Renal fail ure is the most common cause of which type of hyperparathyroidism? Answer: B a. Primary b. Secondary c. Exogenous d. Inflammatory 11. A patient has portal hypertension-induced splenomegaly. Which lab value would the healthcare professional associate with this condition? Answer: B a. Low white blood cell count b. Low platelet count c. High red cell count d. High hemoglobin and hematocrit 12. Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell? Answer: B a. Oxidative phosphorylation b. Glycolysis c. Lactolysis d. Passive transport 13. A healthcare professional is educating a patient about asthma. The professional states that good control is necessary due to which pathophysiologic process? Answer: B a. Norepinephrine causes bronchial smooth muscle contraction and mucus secretion but it also causes high blood pressure. b. Uncontrolled inflammation leads to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eventual scarring. c. The release of epinephrine leads to development of cardiac dysrhythmia d. Immunoglobulin G causes smooth muscle contraction which will eventually weaken the respiratory muscles 14. A pregnant woman has Graves disease. What test/s does the healthcare professional advise the woman about? Answer: B a. Frequent tests of the newborn's muscular strength and movement b. Blood test for hyperthyroidism c. Monthly OB checkups for fetal anomalies or pregnancy loss d. Serum complete blood count including platelet count 16. A student asks why some vaccinations are given orally and some are given by injection. What response by the professor is best? Answer: D a. Different routes allow the speed of onset of the antigen to be varied, with the intravenous route being the fastest. Some individuals appear to be unable to respond to an antigen by a b. specific route, thus requiring the availability of different routes for the same antigen. c. Antigen-presenting cells are highly specialized and thus require stimulation by different routes. d. ach route stimulates a different lymphocyte-containing tissue, resulting in different types of cellular and humoral immunity 15. Where is t ? wo thirds of the body’s water found Answer: C a. Interstitial fluid spaces b. Vascular system c. Intracellular fluid compartments d. Intraocular fluids 23. A student asks the professor to differentiate Type 2 diabetes mellitus from Type 1. The professors' response would be that Type 2 is best described as what? Answer: A a. Resistance to insulin by insulin-sensitive tissues b. Need for lifelong insulin injections Increase of glucagon secretion from beta cells of the c. pancreas Presence of insulin autoantibodies that destroy beta cells d. in the pancreas 24. What is the initiating event that leads to the development of atherosclerosis? Answer: C a. Release of inflammatory cytokines b. Macrophages adhere to vessel walls c. Injury to the endothelial cells that line the artery wall d. Release of the platelet-deprived growth factor 25. A patient is having a spirometry measurement done and asks the healthcare professional to explain this test. What response by the professional is best? Answer: B a. To evaluate the cause of hypoxia b. To measure the volume and flow rate during forced air expiration c. To measure the gas diffusion rate at the alveolocapillary membrane d. To determine pH and oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations 26. A student asks the healthcare professional to describe exotoxins. Which statement by the professional is best? Answer: D a. Exotoxins are contained in the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria b. Exotoxins are released during the lysis of bacteria c. Exotoxins are able to initiate the complement and coagulation cascades d. Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth
