Nursing Concepts and Practices, Exams of Nursing

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NUR 425: Final Exam- Study Guide

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When do RNs renew their license? - correct answer ✔✔each state is different IN is 2 yrs What do RNs have to do for their license when they change their name? - correct answer ✔✔submit name change document to the state What is the most important thing to look for in a child post-tonsillectomy? - correct answer ✔✔swallowing is a sign of bleeding What came from Henrietta Lacks? - correct answer ✔✔HeLa Cells Who oversees nursing education? - correct answer ✔✔Each state board of nursing Also, the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) Who takes the NCLEX? - correct answer ✔✔BSN, RN NOT LPN The Indiana Nurse Practice act applies to.... - correct answer ✔✔RNs and LPNs Describe the impact of the affordable care act: - correct answer ✔✔meant that everyone got treated

caused a heavier workload for nurses changed the way hospitals are paid What is benchmarking? - correct answer ✔✔comparing one organization to another for the sake of quality improvement What is Magnet recognition and who awards it? - correct answer ✔✔awarded when a hospital has standards that denote a culture of excellence that results in quality patient care American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) What is an organization's philosophy? - correct answer ✔✔a written statement that reflects the values, mission, and vision of the organization What is bureaucracy? - correct answer ✔✔a form of organization that functions in accordance with the rules and guidelines of that organization enacted by a higher authority Describe shared governance: - correct answer ✔✔when an environment is created in which the professional nurse has ownership of their own practice nurses becoming apart of the decision-making process an attempt to empower nurses Describe primary health care: - correct answer ✔✔where patients go for preventative and basic care services is gatekeeper for access to specialized services

Describe Acute Care hospitals: - correct answer ✔✔doctors and nurses on staff Describe home healthcare: - correct answer ✔✔intermittent, temporary delivery of healthcare in the home by skilled or unskilled providers provides nursing, PT, OT, and speech services for people in their home Describe free standing clinics: - correct answer ✔✔good for simple illness & quick access usually staffed by an NP or PA Describe long term care & rehab services: - correct answer ✔✔for people needing extra nursing care, IVs, PT, OT, and speech Describe HMOs: - correct answer ✔✔Health Maintenance Organizations establishes a relationship with the patient and the physicians, hospital, etc, for specific set rates called capitation once primary care provider is chosen, this physician acts as a gatekeeper for other services What is capitation? - correct answer ✔✔an insurance company paying a set amount of money for each patient each month to a physician or provider of care regardless of if the prover sees the patient Describe private pay: - correct answer ✔✔paying the bill yourself without the help of any insurance Describe private insurance: - correct answer ✔✔paid for by the consumer generally selected from what is offered at their place of employment

Describe PPOs: - correct answer ✔✔Preferred Patient Organizations the insurance company contracts with independent practitioners to provide their clients with discounted rates at the in network doctors providers are paid a reduced rate by the insurance company to insure a large client base allows the client to choose providers that are within the network Describe total patient care: - correct answer ✔✔what we have been doing as nursing students when the nurse is responsible for meeting all the needs of the assigned patients you are responsible for them only during the times you are actively there Describe functional nursing: - correct answer ✔✔each worker is assigned a type of task for their shift Med nurse, treatment LPN, bathing and water passing NA Describe team or modular nursing: - correct answer ✔✔RN acts as a team leader. The team consists of RN's, LPN's, and unlicensed assistive personnel. In modular nursing, the team is smaller than in regular team nursing. A smaller team facilitates communication between members. Describe primary care nursing: - correct answer ✔✔24h responsibility nurse provides all care from admit to discharge What is differentiated practice? - correct answer ✔✔a system to define levels of nursing practice according to educational preparation, clinical expertise, and competency

Ex: different job descriptions for nurses who are graduates of PSN and ASN programs. The BSN would supervise is completely based on level of education What is a critical pathway? - correct answer ✔✔an expected plan for a patient from the time of admission to discharge is a person fails to meet the goals on the plan, the case manager should be notified Describe transactional theory of leadership: - correct answer ✔✔this leader is concerned with the day- to-day operations, not long term goals/planning aim to maintain equilibrium Describe transformative theory of leadership: - correct answer ✔✔this leader focused on the long term and seek to help others achieve more than they think they can inspire and motivate followers with an emphasis on the importance of interpersonal relationships focus of merging the motives, desires, values, and goals of leaders and followers into a common cause Describe authoritarian leadership: - correct answer ✔✔exerts strong control over the group may be dictatorial or benevolent gives orders and expects them to be obeyes Describe democratic leadership: - correct answer ✔✔encourages and supports group involvement in decision making

creativity is encouraged Describe laissez-faire leadership: - correct answer ✔✔is passive and non-directive most control and decision making are left to the group works for people who know that they're doing and are motivated, but not good for new grads Describe situational leadership theory: - correct answer ✔✔a workers willingness and readiness to perform specific tasks is a factor that will affect the actions of the leader What is servant leadership? - correct answer ✔✔based on the idea that leadership originates from a desire to serve and that in the course of serving, one may be called to lead These leaders have specific qualities: empathy, awareness, persuasion appealing because it fits with nursing principles What is shared leadership? - correct answer ✔✔Essential principles include: relationships, dialogues, partnership, understanding of boundaries Describe Chaos Theory: - correct answer ✔✔leader is not following any particular style or method of leadership the leader is constantly changing the leadership style to fit the situation Describe theory X and Y: - correct answer ✔✔X- manager believes employees are lazy and treats them as such, so thats how they act

Y- manager believes team is competent and motivated and treats them as such, so thats how they act If you must send a nurse to another unit and you have pool/house nurses in addition to your own, always..... - correct answer ✔✔try and keep your own nurses and return pool nurses back to the house Describe Lewin's Theory of change: - correct answer ✔✔change has 3 phases: unfreezing, moving, & refreezing Describe the 6 behavioral patterns in Roger's theory of change: - correct answer ✔✔Innovator: people who like change & adapt quickly, may even be cause of change Early adopters: open to change, adopt change quickly Early majority: adopt to change sooner than the average person Late majority: hesitant, negative, and question change Laggards: last to adopt change Rejectors: never adopt change & advocate against it Describe quality management: - correct answer ✔✔focus on the improvement of organizational process to prevent potential problems Describe root cause analysis: - correct answer ✔✔when you take a problem/mistake/result and work backwards to exam all the events leading to the error goal is to come up with a cause/reason Describe incident reports: - correct answer ✔✔is needed whenever an incident (expected or unplanned) happens that could potential affect patients or staff

reporting these things protects organizations and caregivers from litagation Describe autonomy: - correct answer ✔✔being able to make their own decisions Describe beneficence: - correct answer ✔✔duty to help other/ duty to do good Describe non-maleficence: - correct answer ✔✔doing no harm Describe distributive justice: - correct answer ✔✔doing what is right for an individual regardless of their gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, or social status Describe negligence: - correct answer ✔✔unintentional failure to do something Describe virtue theory: - correct answer ✔✔expecting to do what a reasonable person would do in the same situation Describe justice theory in nursing: - correct answer ✔✔getting what is deserved people coming to the ED with chest pain deserve to be assessed/treated Describe beneficence theory in r/t nursing: - correct answer ✔✔doing what is right & doing no harm to the patient Describe utilitarian theory: - correct answer ✔✔doing what is best for the most people, not what is best for an individual What is veracity? - correct answer ✔✔being truthful; telling the truth

What serves as an ethical guide for nurses in their professional practice? - correct answer ✔✔The American Code of Ethics We as nurse cannot force patients to comply with treatment, we can only.... - correct answer ✔✔educate them on benefits & risks of complying or not if patient refuses, MD must be notified What is your obligation if you feel the patient is unable to understand what they are consenting to? - correct answer ✔✔contact the physician specifically the physician going to perform the thing the patient is consenting to What is power? - correct answer ✔✔the potential ability to influence other What is coercive power? - correct answer ✔✔making someone do something with the threat of something happening Ex: manager says you have to complete charting a specific way or you will be written up What is expert power? - correct answer ✔✔based on the possession of unique skills IV nurse, nurse of 15 years, etc Image power is.... - correct answer ✔✔a major source of power for nurses Definition of critical thinking: - correct answer ✔✔process of examining underlying assumptions, interpreting, and evaluative arguments, imaging, and developing reflective criticism for the purpose of reaching a conclusion that can be justified

What is a disadvantage of group problem solving? - correct answer ✔✔group thinking: a negative phenomenon that occurs in highly cohesive groups that become so isolated they all tend to think alike, so they have similar prejudice and blind spots Definition of risky shift: - correct answer ✔✔the tendency to make a decision that is more extreme than the group would normally think Describe the difference between group thinking and brainstorming: - correct answer ✔✔group thinking is when a group of people think alike and do not want others in their group/resist change brainstorming is throwing out lots of ideas from different people If you need to talk to a coworker or patient about sensitive information, it is best.... - correct answer ✔✔to talk in person What should you never do when your patient speaks a different language than you? - correct answer ✔✔use their family to interpret Describe SBARR: - correct answer ✔✔Situaiton Background Assessment Recommendation Read-back With delegation, who has the ultimate responsibility for the patient care provided? - correct answer ✔✔THE RN WHO MADE THE DELEGATION Who regulated nursing practice in each specific state? - correct answer ✔✔the individual State Board of Nursing What is one of the biggest reasons people don't delegate? - correct answer ✔✔Fear of competition or criticism, liability, and loss of control

Confrontation is best done in ____ and _______ from when the incident occures. - correct answer ✔✔private; ASAP What is collaborating? - correct answer ✔✔mutual attention to the problem where talents of all parties are used to focus on solving the problem and addressing the needs of both parties important when the goals of the two parties are took important to just compromise What is the biggest tip for time management: - correct answer ✔✔to-do lists Describe a variance report: - correct answer ✔✔is made when a difference in cost form what was predicted to what actually happened completed by nurse manager Important things to remember about evaluations: - correct answer ✔✔must be done in writing & in person you are not required to sign the evaluation the signature on the evaluation does not mean that you agree with it, it means it was shown to you do not leave the room unless you have a copy of the evaluation Describe discipline: - correct answer ✔✔goal is to help change behavior need to provide a paper trial and opportunity to make corrections Describe central tendencies r/t evals: - correct answer ✔✔everyone is rated the same & average

saves time What is the second most common type of violence? - correct answer ✔✔physician to nurse What are some violent behaviors? - correct answer ✔✔rolling eyes, huffing, sighing, moving into personal space, facial expressions Describe RACE: - correct answer ✔✔steps to take during a fire Rescue Alarm Contain Extinguish When do you call rapid response (RR)? - correct answer ✔✔when patient condition is declining and emergent situation is developing Describe RN role when their patient is coding: - correct answer ✔✔call for help/alert operator to call code blue call for a crash cart adjust bed to proper position and start CPR until the code team arrives When should the patient's assigned RN do once the code team arrives? - correct answer ✔✔delegate other patients and stay in the room as the historian Who was Mary Ezra Mahoney? - correct answer ✔✔became the first black woman to become an RN in 1879

What is the significance of Rochester City Hospital? - correct answer ✔✔nurses from this hospital were instrumental in forming the first nursing organization in the country: the NY State Nurses' Association The title RN comes from... - correct answer ✔✔the Nurse Registration Act of 1903 The availability of RNs have a direct impact on how care is delivered in the US. Fewer RNs results in.... - correct answer ✔✔decreased quality of care for patients What is strategic planning? - correct answer ✔✔continual process of assessing, planning and evaluating a plan for a long-term vision; usually 5 years What does Magnet status promote? - correct answer ✔✔quality patient care, research, and shared governance When did hurricane Katrina happen? - correct answer ✔✔August 2005 What ethical issue is there with HeLa (Henrietta Lacks) cells? - correct answer ✔✔Henrietta Lacks died without giving informed consent for her cells to be used What was the ethical issues with the Tuskegee Syphilis study? - correct answer ✔✔it preyed on poor black men What are some things that are illegal for the interviewer to ask during job interviews? - correct answer ✔✔age marital status number of children

where you live/if you have transportation What are some ways for nurses to manage stress? - correct answer ✔✔have an outlet have support systems take lunch off of/separate yourself from the unit Voluntary vs. Involuntary Abesenteeism: - correct answer ✔✔voluntary: absence under the employee's control; employee chooses to stay home from work in order to do their taxes involuntary: absence outside of an employee's control; sick days Voluntary vs. Involuntary Turnover: - correct answer ✔✔Voluntary: an employee choosing to leave an organization due to things like moving or for better jobs Involuntary: termination of employee due to poor performance, staff cuts, and structure changes