Nursing Exam Preparation: Comprehensive Review of Key Concepts, Exams of Advanced Education

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Hondros NUR 163 Final Exam

what are the stages of the grieving process - Answer- denial anger bargaining depression acceptance Why do older people reminisce? - Answer- They need to feel that their existence has made a difference. That their lives have had purpose and meaning. What does the older adult fear the most? - Answer- losing control and power over themselves What food does the middle east like? - Answer- meat rice vegetables chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) - Answer- A medical condition characterized by long- term fatigue and other symptoms that limit a person's ability to carry out ordinary activities. How to improve sleep in the elderly - Answer- -give a light snack -turn off lights and TV -mild exercise bladder capacity cant change but the bladder tone may change - Answer- stress incontinence what is the 18th months of the grieving stage? - Answer- the stages of denial erectile dysfunction (ED) - Answer- inability to achieve erection of penis primary assessment before beginning exercise - Answer- cardio Hispanic foods - Answer- Foods from this cultural grouping is high in complex carbohydrates, Vitamin A, Vitamin C-rich fruits, and vegetables. sunken eyes dry mouth elevated HR low BP - Answer- Dehydration

nursing intervention for impaired swallowing - Answer- dysphagia- -speech therapist -up-right position when eating -chew food all the way coping skills - Answer- learned early in life and modifiable Levels Potassium - Answer- 3.5-5. levels of sodium - Answer- 135- levels of calcium - Answer- 8.5-10. levels of glucose - Answer- 70- why do you need Vit. D? - Answer- for strong bones flu vaccine is what? - Answer- Primary Prevention orthostatic hypotension - Answer- blood pressure that falls when sits, stands, laying down when you have a response to stress you will see .... - Answer- - ^ Resp. rate

• ^ HR -Hyperventilation -^ blood glucose -Nausea -Decreased peristalsis -Deceased UOP but increased frequency Type of food for pressure area - Answer- protein What would increase peristalsis - Answer- early ambulation what would decrease peristalsis - Answer- -pain meds -bed ridden Bone density - Answer- a measure of bone strength, the degree of mineralization of the bone matrix What does PT assess? - Answer- -ROM -gait -how the patient walks tertiary prevention - Answer- -you have the problem; you are using primary and secondary to prevent/cope it.

open-ended questions - Answer- questions that allow respondents to answer however they want; not a yes or no answer Assessment techniques for glaucoma - Answer- -Halos around lights -Increased IOP Normal range of IOP (Inner Ocular Pressure) - Answer- 10-22 mm/hg Osteoporosis - Answer- early: shows no s/s later: back pain, fractured or collapsed vertebrae, loss of height, Kyphosis, compressed fractures Hospice - Answer- -funded by the state -never receive a bill -to qualify the patient has less than 6 months to live -family must be willing to participate -patient must desire the service Begning prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) - Answer- -Normal level is 4 -Prostate-specific antigens What increases the risk of skin breakdown - Answer- -poor hygiene -poor nutrition DVT's - Answer- -early abulation -SCD's What is HDL? - Answer- good cholesterol- helps protect blood vessels from disease What is LDL? - Answer- bad cholesterol What to eat on a low-fat diet - Answer- -whole grain foods -fruit -veggies Hypothermia - Answer- -below 96.8 degrees -shivering -when they say they feel hot they are close to death Delirium - Answer- -fast onset receptive aphasia - Answer- difficulty understanding spoken or written words expressive aphasia - Answer- -cant speak but can hear -difficulty expressing self-using language

global aphasia - Answer- -affects auditory and visual comprehension -also receptive and expressive language skills -caused by damage to the left side of the brain Relocation syndrome - Answer- -patient may feel unloved, unwanted, rejected, angry, depressed, hopeless, helplessness S/S of depression - Answer- -significant change in appetite -insomnia -fatigue or lack of energy -feelings of hopelessness -loss of ability to concentrate -preoccupation with death or suicide s/s of dehydration - Answer- -poor skin turgor -dry mouth -flat neck veins -confusion -decreased BP -increased HR Rationalization - Answer- defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions dysphasia - Answer- difficulty speaking crutches - Answer- -weight on hands, not armpits -place both crutches a comfortable distance in from of your feet -move back foot up, even with crutches -put no weight on bad leg when stepping how to walk with a walker - Answer- move walker 6-8 feet in front of you -step with weak side first -then step with strong side how often do you need a vision screening? - Answer- once a year who put together National Patient Safety Goal - Answer- Joint Commission Teaching of oral hygiene - Answer- every 2 hours on a comatose patient What causes insomnia - Answer- Stress, anxiety, physical problems what causes sleep disturbance of pattern? - Answer- circadian rhyme- internal process that regulates the sleep/wake process

S/S of low self-esteem - Answer- -molested as a child sexual dysfunction - Answer- alcohol and anti depressions can cause sexual desire - Answer- doesn't decrease with age healthy exercise for the elderly - Answer- water aerobics benefits for therapeutic communication - Answer- you as the nurse have to have trust from your patient what increases the risk of stress related problems - Answer- being more stressed exteral physical stressors - Answer- -major life events