Nursing Interventions for Postoperative and Chronic Conditions, Exams of Surgical Pathology

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NGN Exam Questions with Verified Answers.

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is postoperative following a total knee arthroplasty. The client is using a continuous passive motion (CPM) machine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend for the plan of care? - Correct answer Keep a sheepskin pad between the client's extremity and the CPM machine. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include to prevent bone loss? - Correct answer Encourage weight-bearing exercises. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? - Correct answer Dangle the extremities off the side of the bed. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has asthma. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the use of budesonide and albuterol inhalers? (Select all that apply.) - Correct answer -I never forget to rinse my mouth after using my budesonide inhaler Between office visits, I keep a record of how many times I use my albuterol inhaler -I use my albuterol inhaler before I go swimming A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy. The client mentions that they have a loss of appetite because of sores in their mouth and that food no longer tastes good. Which of the following suggestions to the client should the nurse make? - Correct answer Eat several, small- portioned meals daily. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has heart failure and is taking digoxin. Which of the following outcomes from the medication should the nurse expect? - Correct answer Decreased shortness of breath A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking cargoes. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication? - Correct answer Abdominal Cramps A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who had a recent left hemispheric stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? - Correct answer Use simple verbal cues when directing task A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about wound care with the caregiver of a client who is postoperative. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Report purulent drainage to the provider. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing with a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands the teaching? - Correct answer I will have my HbA1c checked twice per year. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about management of constipation with a client who has hypothyroidism. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Increase intake of fiber-rich foods.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking insulin glaring. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer this type of insulin should be given at the same time every day. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has partial hearing loss. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? - Correct answer Face the client while speaking. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the caregiver of a client who is terminally ill about manifestations of impending death. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include? - Correct answer Incontinence of the bowel and bladder A nurse is collecting data from a client and notices several skin lesions. Which of the following findings should the nurse report as possible melanoma? - Correct answer Irregular borders A nurse is planning to implement droplet precautions for a client who has manifestations of pertussis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include when contributing to the plan of care? - Correct answer Apply a mask on the client if transport is needed A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is receiving 0.9% sodium chloride by continuous IV infusion. The client reports pain and swelling at the IV site. In which order should the nurse perform the following steps? - Correct answer -Check the IV site -Stop the infusion -Withdraw the IV catheter -Elevate the affected arm -Notify the charge nurse A nurse is assisting the charge nurse with developing an in-service about caring for clients who have internal sealed radiation implants. Which of the following information should the nurse include? - Correct answer Dispose of radiation implants in a lead container A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adolescent client regarding testicular self-examination. Which of the following statements by the client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching? - Correct answer I understand that testicular cancer is typically painless. A nurse in an oncology clinic is reinforcing teaching about Mosh surgery with a client who has skin cancer. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Mosh surgery is a horizontal shaving of thin layers of the tumor NGN: A nurse is assisting with the care of the client. The client is experiencing manifestations of ________ as evidenced by _________. - Correct answer -pancreatitis -amylase and lipase A nurse is examining a client's IV site and notes a red line up their arm. The client reports a throbbing, burning pain at the IV site. The nurse should identify that the client's manifestations indicate which of the following complications of IV therapy? - Correct answer thrombophlebitis A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has COPD and is dyspnea. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? - Correct answer encourage abdominal breathing A nurse is caring for a client who has meningococcal pneumonia. Which of the following personal protective equipment should the nurse use? - Correct answer Mask

A home health nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about preventing complications of peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following statements indicates that the client is adhering to the nurse's instructions? - Correct answer I don't cross my legs anymore NGN: A nurse at a provider's office is assisting in the care of a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a gastrostomy. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the client. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply. - Correct answer -avoid drinking fluids with meals -eat several small meals per day -consume high-protein snacks A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to begin using an insulin pump. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - Correct answer Use rapid-acting insulin in the infusion device. A nurse is caring for a client who has a compound fracture of the femur and was placed in balanced suspension skeletal traction 4 days ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - Correct answer Perform pin site care daily A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a guaiac fecal occult blood test. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Avoid eating red meat for 3 days prior to the test. A home health nurse is reinforcing teaching about preventing asthma attacks with a client who has asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer do not allow visitors to smoke cigarettes in your home. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for surgery and is experiencing anxiety. Which of the following interventions should the nurse identify as the priority? - Correct answer Determine the client's understanding of the procedure A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has multiple sclerosis and is taking dantrolene to manage muscle spasms. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? - Correct answer Encourage the client to complete ADLs. NGN: A nurse is assisting with the care of a client. After reviewing the findings in the client's medical record, the nurse should first address the client's ______, followed by the client's ______.

• Correct answer -abdominal distention -acute pain NGN: The nurse is collecting data on the client. For each client finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with appendicitis, diverticular disease, or Cohn’s disease. Each finding may support more than 1 disease process. - Correct answer Appendicitis: pain in the right lower quadrant, nausea Diverticular Disease: blood in the stool, nausea Charon’s Disease: blood in the stool, pain in the right lower quadrant, mucus in the stool, and nausea NGN: Drag and Drop: The client has manifestations of _________; therefore, the priority finding for the nurse to report is the _________. - Correct answer -peritonitis -laboratory values

NGN: The nurse is contributing to the plan of care for the client who has peritonitis and Cohn’s disease. For each potential intervention, click to specify if the intervention is indicated or contraindicated for the client. - Correct answer Indicated: obtain blood cultures, obtain the client's vital signs every 15 min, insert a nasogastric tube Contraindicated: administer a hypotonic IV solution NGN: The nurse is assisting with the care of the client who is preoperative for an exploratory laparotomy. Select the 4 actions the nurse should take. - Correct answer -Administer phenytoin with a sip of water on the day of surgery -Assist with the administration of gentamicin 100mg IV -Assist with the administration of dextrose 5% in lactated ringer's -Contact the wound, stormy, and continence nurse NGN: The nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with the client. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? - Correct answer -I should schedule several rest periods throughout the day -I should notify my provider if my temperature is higher than 101 degrees Fahrenheit A nurse observes a client who is lying in bed and experiencing a tonic-clinic seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - Correct answer Loosen clothing around the client's neck A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is having difficulty eating following a stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - Correct answer Implement recommendations from the speech language pathologist A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has chronic kidney failure and is receiving exporting Alfa. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory values indicates the treatment is effective? - Correct answer Hob 11 g/ld. A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a new prescription for NY statin suspension for oral candidiasis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? - Correct answer Instruct the client to swish the medication in their mouth A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide to a client who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse report before administering the medication? - Correct answer Decreased potassium A nurse is caring for a client who has a new cast on their left forearm and reports severe pain in the affected arm with numbness in the fingers. The nurse finds the skin is pale and cold with sluggish capillary refill. Which of the following fracture complications should the nurse suspect? - Correct answer Compartment Syndrome A nurse is reinforcing teaching about joint protection with a client who has an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Apply cold packs to the inflamed joints NGN: A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who was admitted from the emergency department with a burn injury.

During the emergent phase of burn care, the client is at risk for developing ________ and _______. - Correct answer -hypovolemia -respiratory failure A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aurous (MRSA) infection and is on contact isolation precautions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - Correct answer Have a designated stethoscope in the client's room A nurse is caring for a client who has difficulty swallowing. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement to prevent aspiration? - Correct answer Give the client liquids with increased viscosity A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has manifestations of sepsis. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse implement first? - Correct answer Initiate oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal cannula A nurse is caring for a client who is in Buck's traction. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform to reduce skin breakdown? - Correct answer Keep the skin dry and free of perspiration A nurse is reinforcing teaching about home care with a client who had a knee arthroplasty. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as an indication that a barrier to learning might be present? - Correct answer the client stops the nurse and ask for pain medication. NGN: A nurse is assisting with the care of a client on a medical-surgical unit. Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress. - Correct answer Actions to take: -Reduce the temperature in the client's room -Limit visitors to the client's room Potential Condition: hyperthyroidism Parameters to monitor: -Temperature -Daily Weight A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority? - Correct answer dysrhythmia A nurse is preparing to administer scheduled medications to a client. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse verify with the provider? (Click on the exhibit tabs for additional information about the client. There are three tabs that contain separate categories of data.) - Correct answer Ceftriaxone A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory values indicates the client is at risk for delayed wound healing? - Correct answer Prealbumin 12 mg/ld. A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions with a client who is postoperative following a right hip arthroplasty. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? - Correct answer Avoid bending your hips more than 90 degrees.

A nurse enters the room of a client whose transfusion of packed RBCs was initiated 15 min ago by the RN. The client reports dyspnea and urticarial. After stopping the infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next? - Correct answer Take the client's vital signs A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for the caregivers of a client who has Parkinson's disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Remind the client to avoid watching their feet when walking NGN: The nurse is reviewing the client's diagnostic results. Which of the following findings require follow up? - Correct answer -BUN -PaCO -WBC count -Chest x-ray -Oxygen saturation NGN: The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Click to highlight the findings below that indicate that the client has a potential problem. To deselect a finding, click on the finding again. - Correct answer -Client is short of breath and has a productive cough with yellow mucous. -States, "I could barely breathe when I got up this morning, and I had a throbbing headache." -Client is diaphoretic. -Crackles heard in posterior lungs. NGN: A nurse is prioritizing care for the client. At 1000, the nurse should first address the client's _______, followed by the client's ______. - Correct answer -oxygen saturation -heart rate NGN: The nurse is assisting with the plan of care for the client. For each potential provider prescription, click to specify if the potential prescription is anticipated, nonessential, or contraindicated for the client. - Correct answer Anticipated: cough and deep breathe, obtain a sputum culture and sensitivity, titrate oxygen to keep oxygen saturation greater than 90%, administer acetaminophen 500 mg PO every 6 hr. PRN Nonessential: perform neurologic checks every 2 hr., administer famotidine 40 mg daily Contraindicated: place client on a 1,5000mL fluid restriction NGN: The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Select the 3 findings that require nursing intervention. - Correct answer - Temperature -WBC Count -Potassium Level NGN: The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record from Day 5. Click to highlight the findings that indicate the client is improving. To deselect a finding, click on the finding again. - Correct answer -Heart rate 72/min, regular; Respiratory rate 20/min; Blood pressure 128/56 mm Hg -Oxygen saturation is 95% on room air A nurse is preparing to administer phytonadione 7 mg subcutaneously to a client who has an INR of 4. Available is phytonadione 10 mg/milk how many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) - Correct answer 0.7 mL

A nurse is collecting data from a 55-year-old female client who reports vaginal dryness and hot flashes. The client is interested in trying hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a contraindication to HRT? - Correct answer History of treatment for blood clots A nurse is caring for a client who had an acute ischemic stroke 1 day ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk for aspiration? - Correct answer Allow for 30 min of rest before meals. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) and is to begin taking methylprednisolone orally. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Limit contact with large groups of people. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is scheduled for a CT scan with an IV contrast agent. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider prior to the procedure? - Correct answer Creatinine 1.9 mg/ld. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - Correct answer Consume foods that are low in sodium NGN: A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply. - Correct answer -Instruct the client to splint their abdomen with a pillow when coughing -Plan to ambulate the client as soon as possible -Report the client's urinary output to the charge nurse -Monitor the client's pain level A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for baclofen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Avoid stopping this medication suddenly A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the caregiver of a client who has a cervical injury and has a halo vest in place. Which of the following safety precautions should the nurse include in the teaching? - Correct answer Change the sheepskin liner weekly. A nurse is caring for a client who has terminal pancreatic cancer. The client states, "I don't think I can go on any longer." Which of the following responses should the nurse make? - Correct answer you feel like you want to discontinue treatment? A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of breast cancer. The client asks the nurse about birth control. Which of the following methods of birth control is contraindicated for this client? - Correct answer Combination oral contraceptives A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who was admitted to the neurological unit following a stroke 3 hr. ago. Which of the following interventions should the nurse identify as the priority? - Correct answer Keep the client in a side-lying position A nurse is assisting a client who reports difficulty falling asleep. Which of the following activities should the nurse recommend to promote sleep? - Correct answer Listen to soft music before sleeping

A nurse is caring for a client who has an area indicating potential breakdown over the sacrum. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - Correct answer Minimize the time the head of the bed is elevated. A nurse is caring for a client who reports stomatitis. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse make? - Correct answer Eat soft foods A nurse is caring for a client who has a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aurous (MRSA) infection in a surgical wound. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to share with visitors? - Correct answer Visitors must don a gown and gloves prior to entering the client's room A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has Meniere’s disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? - Correct answer Administer an antiemetic to the client. NGN: A nurse is assisting with the care a client who is postoperative. Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress. - Correct answer Actions To Take: -Insert a large gauge IV -Initiate a fluid challenge Potential Condition: -Hypovolemia Parameters to Monitor: -Urine output -Blood Pressure A nurse is participating in a health fair for older adult clients. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse recommend for this age group? - Correct answer Herpes Zoster A nurse is caring for a client who is preoperative and is receiving an IV infusion of cefazolin. Ten minutes after beginning the infusion, the client reports intense itching. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - Correct answer Stop the medication infusion A nurse is preparing to remove a client's NG tube. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take to decrease the risk for aspiration? - Correct answer Pinch the NG tube A nurse is discussing health screening guidelines with an older adult client. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? - Correct answer You should have a pneumococcal immunization every 10 years A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and has an epidural infusion. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as the priority? - Correct answer Dyspnea A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for phenazopyridine. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a therapeutic effect of the medication? - Correct answer Decreases pain during urination A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has a newly-inserted water-seal closed chest tube. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - Correct answer Chest drainage is greater than 70 mL/hr.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is on a low-sodium diet and asks about how to improve the taste of bland food. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? - Correct answer Lemon juice