Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice, Exams of Nursing

Download Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 1 / 34 Nursing Theory- Final Exam Questions with Answers 1. After determining the clinical problem at hand, the nurse selects to use a quantitative research method for their study. What phase of the research process is the nurse moving into? a. Conceptualize the problem b. Design the study c. Implement the design d. Use the results: b 2. Which research question would best fit a qualitative research design? a. Does pet therapy improve nursing students' exam scores? b. Does pet therapy reduce nursing students' anxiety levels related to exams? c. What do nursing students experience when involved in pet therapy? d. What length of time of pet therapy affects nursing students' scores?: c 3. Which research question would best fit a quantitative research design? a. What is the difference between families experiences of end-of-life care at home versus in an acute care setting. b. Does repositioning end-of-life care patients hasten death? c. What are the stigmas related to end-of-life care across cultures? d. How do patients cope with a terminal diagnosis?: b 4. The nurse researcher works to clearly define the research question and the variables of the study. What phase of the research process is this? a. Conceptualize the problem b.Design the study c.Implement the design d. Analyze/Interpret the data: a 5. What is the independent variable in the research question, "Is turning pa- tients every three hours versus every two hours just as effective in preventing pressure ulcers?" a. Length of time in between turning b.Three hours c.Two hours d. Presence of pressure ulcer: a 6. What is a potential extraneous variable in the previous question's 2 / 34 situation? a.The mattress b.The bed sheets c. A patient's nutritional status d.The time of day a patient is turned: c 7. What is the dependent variable in the research question, "Does computer- ized note taking improve test scores for nursing students?" a. nursing students b. Computers c.Test scores d. Computerized note taking: c 8. Which research question represents a non-directional hypothesis? a. Simulation lab experiences improve critical thinking skills in nursing stu- dents. d. Simulation lab experiences decrease critical thinking skills in nursing stu- dents. c. Simulation lab experiences do not affect critical thinking skills in nursing students. d. Simulation lab experiences affect critical thinking skills in nursing stu- dents.: D 9. What is the independent variable in the research question, "Does skin-to-skin contact between parent and baby increase success of breast feeding?" a. Skin-to-skin contact b. Swaddling c. Mother d. Success of breast feeding: a 10.The nurse posted information about a patient on social media. What type of law did the nurse violate? a. Statutory law b. Criminal law c. Intentional Tort law d. Unintentional Tort law: c 11.What are the three key elements of experimental research designs? 5 / 34 d. Establish the different types of heart attacks that occured: B 6 / 34 17.Which qualitative research method would the following research question be rooted, "What are the practices among newly licensed nurses in an inten- sive care unit?" a. Phenomenology b. Historical Research c. Ethnography d. Grounded Theory: C 18.When does a nurse researcher stop data collection in a qualitative study? a. When the data begins to sound the same. b. When they hit the appropriate power analysis number. c. When they run out of people who have experienced the phenomenon. d. When they have enough trends and patterns identified.: A 19.What defines the stability of data over time and over conditions? a.Transferability b. Confirmability c. Dependability d. Authenticity: C 20.What concept has a purpose that aims to evaluate work flow and process to improve patient care? a. Research b. Nursing research c. Evidence-based practice d. Quality improvement: D 21. In the PICOT question, "In preterm babies, do heated blankets versus swaddle blankets help maintain body temperature?" What concept is the comparison intervention? a. Preterm babies b. Swaddle blankets c. Heated blankets d. Body temperature: B 22.The nurse consumer wants to see if the results from a study are statisti- cally significant. Where would the nurse look? 7 / 34 a. Conclusion/summary 10 / c. Stages of Clinical Competence d.Theory of Interpersonal Relations: B 27.The nursing students understands to practice which techniques to im- prove critical thinking skills? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Reflection b. Using the nursing process c. Rational thinking d. Logical processing: ALL of the above 28.Nursing informatics can be used to support which aspects of nursing practice? Select All That Apply a. Delivery of care, financial recovery, clinical specialty, and research b. Delivery of care, administration, education, and research c. Administration, research, HIPAA, and clinical care d. Evidence-based practice, clinical support, clinical care, and education: B & D 29.Which are benefits of electronic health records for nursing? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Provides clinical alerts and reminders b. Uses a bar code system to serve as a safety technique c. Allows for immediate entry of patient data d. Includes pharmacological and lab databases: ALL 30.After an initial education assessment, the nurse determines that the pa- tient learns best through auditory methods. Which intervention will the nurse utilize? a. Pamphlets b. Demonstration c. Video d. Printed instructions: C 31.The nurse taught the client a new skill via tactile methods. What is the best method for immediate evaluation? a. Patient interview b. Long-term effect on health problem c.Teach back d. Return demonstration: D 11 / 32.What refers to the grouping of people based on biological similarities? a. Ethnicity b. Race c. Minority d. Culture: B 33. . The nurse is caring for a Chinese patient after surgery. The patient's family bring in a container of hot broth from home. What is the nurse's best response. a"We never allow food from home." b. "We have hot broth at the hospital, don't eat that." c. "Cold broth will be better after surgery." d. "Do you mind telling me what is in the broth to make sure it is appropriate for your post-surgery diet.": D 34.The nurse is assigned to a patient from Haiti who does not speak English. Before entering the room, the nurse pauses to consider any previous encoun- ters with patients from Haiti and their own knowledge of that culture. What action is the nurse performing? a. Cultural competence b. Self-assessment c. Cultural awareness d. Self-desire: B 35.According to Campinha-Bacote's Process of Cultural Competence, what questions should a nurse consider to provide culturally competent care? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Do I desire to be culturally competent? b. Do I have the knowledge about the different culture? c. Do I need to improve my skill to conduct a cultural assessment? d. Am I aware of my personal biases towards other cultures?: ALL 36.The nurse is caring for a patient who says, "I just don't know how I will make it through this, this diagnosis is really shaking me up...why me?" What spiritual intervention can the nurse implement? a. Call psychiatry because the patient is suicidal. b. Call the doctor and request calming medication. c. Provide active listening and presence. d. Perform prays at the bedside.: C 12 / 37.A nurse expert would use which sources as standards of care in a lawsuit? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Nurse Practice Act b. HIPAA c. Hospital nursing policies d. Hospital physician policies: A & C 38.What is a role of the State Board of Nursing? A. Inspect and credential health care facilities. b. Inspect nurses' credentials for hiring. c. Inspect and credential nursing programs within each state. d. Inspect nurses' compliance and enforce disciplinary matters.: D 39.The licensed provider is at the bedside to obtain an informed consent for surgery. The patient speaks very little English. What is the best action taken by the nurse? a. Ask the family if they are comfortable translating for the doctor. b. Stop the physician and wait for the hospital-provided interpreter. c. Allow the doctor to obtain consent and then use translator to ask if patient has any questions. d. Stop the physician and contact interpreter services; if no one calls back allow the doctor to continue.: B 40.What can nurses do to avoid legal problems? a. Obtain licenses in multiple states to be protected. b. Follow the nursing process to document appropriate information. c. Provide excessive information in documentation to avoid being sued. d. Avoid communicating with patient and families so they are unaware of errors.: B 41.Two nursing students are deciding if they should study for a test or go out on a Friday night. The first nursing student says, "I believe we should study first and then go out." The second nursing student says, "I think we should go out and then study tomorrow." What concept are they arguing? a. Existential b. Evaluative c. Prescriptive d. Value Clarification: C 15 / c.Manager d.Caregiver: D 52. Identify two events that propelled the need for additional trained nurses in the United States. Select one: a.World War I & the Influenza Epidemic b.World War II & the Women's Rights Movement c.The Vietnam War & the Civil Rights Movement d.The Korean Conflict & advances in medicine: A 53.The Chadwick Report drew attention to which conditions in Great Britain? Select one: a.Health benefits of nutrition on children b.Effects of public health interventions in prevention of disease c.Effects of school-based education on the masses d.Shortened life span of the working class: D 54.Dorothea Dix was an advocate for which of the following patient popula- tions? Select one: a.The general, public population b.Childbearing and pregnant women c.Children in schools d.Mentally ill and imprisoned persons: D 55.What is a fundamental aspect included in the definition of nursing? Select one: a. Presenting objective data, free of the subjective experience of the patient b. Provision of a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing c. Relying on doctors to explain diagnosis and treatment d. Restriction to a problem-focused orientation: B 56.Recognizing that nursing is both an art and a science is necessary for the nurse to act as a caregiver. Select one: True False: TRUE 57.An advantage of what nursing care delivery model includes continuity of care at the bedside for patients? Select one: a.Team Nursing 16 / b.Total Patient Care 17 / c.Case Management d.Functional Nursing: B 58.Without effective communication and collaboration, what nursing care delivery model can be ineffective? Select one: a.Functional Nursing b.Team Nursing c.Total Patient Care d.Case Management: B 59.A nurse creates an educational program for clients about nutrition and exercise to maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent diseases. What level of healthcare is this? Select one: a.Tertiary b.Primary c.Secondary d.Acute Care: B 60.What are the informatics competencies of a beginner nurse? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY Select one or more: a.Using a barcode scanner to administer medications. b.Conducting research on electronic health record software. c.Sending email to the nurse manager. d.Assisting coworkers in computer literacy.: A, C, D 61.A student nurse knows that education in nursing informatics and technol- ogy is important for what reason? Select one: a.Technology and informatics allow for easier review of research literature. b.Technology and informatics support information management in just clini- cal practice. c. Technology and informatics aim to improve the health of individuals, fami- lies, and populations. d.Technology and informatics enable the nurses' work to be done in shorter amounts of time.: C 62.Which poses the largest challenge with maintaining privacy in health care? Select one: a.Family members or visitors b.HIPAA 20 / d. The independent variable is the cause, while the dependent variable is the predictor.: B 73.A nurse researcher implements the design of a research study. Which activity will the nurse perform during this phase of the research process? Select one: a. Use inductive reasoning. b. Collect data. c. Write the research proposal. d. Recommend further study.: B 74.Which phenomenon would be answered best with a quantitative research design? Select one: a. Nursing students' perceptions of their first clinical rotation. b. Patients' feelings about working with nursing students. c. Health care providers' thoughts about Reiki d.The effects of aromatherapy on blood pressure.: D 75.Which phenomenon would be answered best with a qualitative research design? Select one: a.The effects of Reiki on pain levels. b.The effects of aromatherapy on blood pressure. c. Nursing students' perceptions of their first clinical rotation. d. Clinical rotation placement affecting student grades.: C 76.What is the independent variable in the research question, "What is the effect of noise levels on postoperative pain and blood pressure fluctuations in ICU patients?" Select one: a. Noise levels b. Fluctuations in ICU patients c. Postoperative pain d. Blood pressure: A 77.The nurse researcher presents the study's results and implications for practice at a nation-wide nursing conference. What step of the research process is the nurse fulfilling? Select one: a.Interpret the data b.Use the results c.Design the study d.Conceptualize the problem: B 21 / 78. In the following clinical question, what is the outcome component when using the PICOT format? "What is the effect of relaxation therapy versus biofeedback on the functional ability of patients with rheumatoid arthritis?" Select one: a. Biofeedback b. Functional ability c. Patients with Rheumatoid arthritis d. Relaxation therapy: B 79. In the following clinical question, what is the intervention (I) component when using the PICOT format? "In hospitalized children aged 8-12 years un- dergoing surgery, what is the effect of imagery-induced relaxation techniques as compared to noise reduction in the reduction of postoperative pain?" Select one: a. Surgical procedures b. Noise reduction techniques c. Postoperative pain d. Imagery-induced relaxation: D 80.When reviewing a research article for application to clinical practice, the nurse uses the survey, examine, and evaluation (SEE) method. How does this method help the nurse? Select one: a.It supports critical reading. b.It identifies the philosophical position. c.It summarizes the study. d.It clearly delineates the statistical findings.: A 81.The nurse has collected the following evidence resources. According to the evidence hierarchy, which resource provides the strongest evidence to support and EBP change? Select one: a. It depends on the research question b. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials c. Randomized control trial d. In-depth qualitative studies: B 82.The nurse wants to read the hypothesis of a research article. Where would the nurse look for this information? Select one: a. Results/findings section b. Discussion/conclusion section 22 / c. Methods section d. Introduction/background section: D 83.Which method aims to change nursing practice? Select one: a. Evidence-based practice b. Quality improvement c. Research utilization d. Nursing research: A 84.The nurse is defining the topic before conducting an electronic information retrieval project. What purpose does this action serve? Select one: a. Keeps results list to under 50 b. Sets up search parameters and helps focus search c. Ensures probabilistic searching d. Allows both medical and nursing research searched: B 85.The nurse utilizes a process to integrate evidence into nursing practice. At which point will the nurse implement an intervention? Select one: a. Before evidence collection b. Before problem identification c. Before evidence appraisal d. Before outcome evaluation: D 86.What is the purpose of an evidence hierarchy? Select one: a.To rank order evidence according to the strength of evidence provided b.To provide an incentive structure for those undertaking research c.To guide researchers in selecting a research design d.To promote the creation of systematic reviews: A 87. In a research article, which section would the nurse find the following statement: "The sampling plan called for the recruitment of 150 mother- infant dyads from an inner-city neighborhood"? Select one: a. Results b. Introduction c. Methods d. Discussion: C 88.The nurse understands which are ways to promote EBP at the individual and institutional level? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY Select one or more: 25 / d. Educational background of the nurses: D 26 / 99.A researcher used a scale that measured a child's body weight as 52.3 pounds one minute and 48.7 pounds the next minute. What should the re- searcher be concerned about? Select one: a.The scale's trustworthiness b.The scale's validity c.The scale's reliability d.The scale's credibility: C 100. The researcher uses a convenience sampling approach to obtain study participants. What is the biggest threat to the study by using this approach? Select one or more: a. The researcher will be able to generalize findings back to the larger popula- tion. b.The researcher will have a larger group of participants to work with. c. The researcher may not be able to generalize findings back to the larger population. d. The participants will not need to sign an informed consent since they volunteered.: C 101. Why is it necessary to obtain informed consent from a research partici- pant? Select one or more: a. Informed consent ensures that study medications are FDA-approved. b. Informed consent ensures that a participant will be paid for participating in the study. c. Informed consent ensures that a participant is aware of the risks and benefits of participating in the study before agreeing to participate. d. Informed consent ensures that a participant will benefit from a study.: C 102. What does it mean if two variables are correlated? Select one: a. Correlation proves causation. b.The hypothesis for the study was correct. c.The dependent variable is the result of the independent variable. d.There is a relationship between the two variables.: D 103. Which of the following describes the median of a set of values? Select one: a.The median is the value that occurs most frequently. b.The median is the average of all of the values. c.The median is the midpoint of the set of values. 27 / d.The median is found only in a normal distribution.: C 30 / Select one: a. Grounded theory b. Qualitative descriptive c. Ethnography d. Phenomenology: C 114. Which is a key criterion for being included in a sample for a phenomeno- logical study? Select one: a.The person must belong to a particular culture or social group. b.The person must have experienced the phenomenon being studied. c.The person must be willing to be exposed to the phenomenon under study. d. The person must have second-hand knowledge of the phenomenon being studied.: B 115. A researcher is studying a phenomenon that is poorly understood and wants to collect data to identify correlations and understand meaning. What type of research will occur? a. Experimental b. Mixed Methods c. Phenomenological d. Clinical Trial: B 116. What does the criterion of credibility refer to in qualitative research? a.The reliability of data over time b. Confidence in the truth value of the data c. Objectivity of the interpretation of the data d. Applicability of the data to other groups Feedback: B 117. A nurse researcher is planning to conduct a study about the experience of having a family member diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. She asks an expert in Alzheimer's disease to interview her about her prior assumptions and own experiences with family members with this disease. Which quality-enhancement strategy did the researcher use? a. Member checking b.Triangulation c. Reflexivity d. Persistent observation: C 118. A nurse researcher did an in-depth study of physical aggression among residents in nursing home settings. After interviewing 14 residents, the re- searcher analyzed the data for important themes. Six study 31 / participants were asked to review the themes. Which quality-enhancement strategy was the 32 / researcher using? a. Data triangulation b. Method triangulation c. Member checking d. Persistent observation: C 119. A nurse researcher studied lapses in medication adherence among schiz- ophrenic patients living in the community. In his journal article, the researcher reported that he had worked in psychiatric nursing for 15 years and had a nephew who was schizophrenic. Which quality-enhancement strategy is present? a. Inquiry audit b. Search for disconfirming evidence c.Thick description d. Researcher credibility: D 120. Which is an example of nursing theory in use? Select one: a. Making a practice change after considering current evidence and patient preference. b. Increasing available time off for nurses to engage in educational events to promote nursing satisfaction. c. Assessing the cultural health practices of individuals to develop a care plan. d. Manipulating various skin protectants to prevent pressure ulcers.: C 121. A patient complains that they are having trouble sleeping because their roommate is snoring loudly. The nurse obtains a white-noise machine for the patient. Which theory is the nurse applying? Select one: a. Dorothea Orem's General Theory of Nursing b. Leininger's Cultural Diversity and Universality Theory c. Jean Watson's Theory of Transpersonal Caring d. Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory: D 122. How does Watson's Theory describe the nursing paradigm? Select one: a. Therapeutic self-care designed to supplement self-care requisites. Nursing actions fall into one of three categories. b. To alter or manage the environment to implement the natural laws of health. c. Assist the person, sick or well, in performance of activities and help the person gain independence. 35 / c. Health, person, environment, nursing d. Nursing, person, situation, illness: C 128. You are taking care of a practicing Jewish patient, who recently had abdominal surgery. The doctors have cleared the patient to start eating food today. You do not know if the hospital food is kosher; you contact the kitchen and they confirm which foods are kosher. The nurse is using the theory developed by which nurse theorist? Select one: a. Dorothea Orem b. Florence Nightingale c. Madeleine Leininger d. Hildegard Peplau: C 129. How does Leininger's Theory describe the health paradigm? Select one: a. Harmony, wholeness, and comfort. b. Implies forward movement of personality and other ongoing human processes. c. Based upon the patient's ability to function independently. d. A state of well-being that is culturally defined, valued, and practiced.: D 130. In Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations, in what phase does the patient successfully adopt the new goal? Select one: a. Working b. Orientation c. Resolution d. Implementation: C 131. After completing patient assessments, the nurse develops a plan of care including nursing interventions. How does the nurse decide in what order to perform the interventions? Select one: a. Ask the physician b. Perform the easiest tasks first c. Use critical thinking skills d. Ask a colleague: C 132. Why is it important for nurses to understand and practice critical think- ing? Select one: a.To provide the minimal level of nursing care. b.To care for easier patients in a hospital setting. 36 / c.To prioritize nursing actions for patient care. d.To pass the NCLEX exam.: C 133. What is not a goal of healthcare collaboration? Select one: a. Prevent redundancies and errors. b. Achieve high-quality patient care and satisfaction. c.Take the workload of the nurses. d. Promote mutual respect and communication.: C 134. When working on an interdisciplinary team, a new nurse understands which are important elements of successful collaboration? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Select one or more: a. Mutual respect and trust b. Understanding roles and responsibilities c. Effective communication skills d. A clear definition of the problem: ALL 135. What behavior should a nurse use to facilitate empathetic communica- tion? Select one: a. Calls the patient using childlike terms of endearment. b. Solicits feedback from the patient. c. Use language perceived as patronizing. d. Shares patient information freely with anyone who asks for it.: B 136. The nurse asks a patient where the pain is; the patient responds by pointing to the area of pain. What form of communication did the patient use? Select one: a. Verbal b. Nonverbal c. Spatial d. Intonation: B 137. Which is not a technique to enhance therapeutic communication with patients? Select one: a. Active listening b. Use of medical jargon c. Clarifying d. Empathy: B 138. A nurse is using communication to understand a patient's level of coping with their new diagnosis. The nurse asks the patient to describe their 37 / future 40 / nursing workforce that accurately reflects the communities. c. There is no need for a diverse workforce as the current workforce is meeting 41 / patients' needs. d. To provide culturally competent care.: B & D 149. A nurse is providing care to a culturally diverse population. Which action indicates the nurse is successful in the role of providing culturally congruent care? Select one: a. Provides care that fits the patient's valued health patterns and linguistic needs. b. Provides care that is the same as the values of the professional health care system. c. Provides care that makes the nurse the leader in determining what is needed. d. Provides care that is based on meanings generated by predetermined criteria.: A 150. The nurse is caring for a patient who recently emigrated from Puerto Rico. The nurse can best care for this patient by learning about what? Select one: a. Values of the Spanish speaking community b. Practices of the patient's ethnic group c. Patient's individual cultural beliefs d. Values of their own culture: C 151. When considering the various cultural domains and concepts that affect one's health, what should the nurse assess? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY Select one or more: a.The family unit and associated roles b. Acceptable use of body language and touch c. Associate food restrictions and/or rituals d. Views on death and euthanasia: ALL 152. A Native American client admitted to the hospital for surgery asks if his medicine man can perform a 30-minute healing ceremony prior to surgery. What is the nurse's best response? Select one: a. Request the hospital chaplain to pray with the client. b. Explain that in modern health care, there is no need for medicine men. c.Tell him that such rituals are not part of the preoperative preparation. d. Provide the space and privacy for the ceremony.: D 153. According to Campinha-Bacote's Cultural Competence Model, what must the nurse possess to stimulate the process of cultural competence? Select one: 42 / a. Knowledge b. Awareness c. Encounters d. Desire: D 154. The nurse believes that a client from another cultural background is using herbal remedies along with the prescribed medication to treat her arthritis. What is the nurse's first action? Select one: a. Educate the client concerning the danger of taking herbs and the prescribed medication. b. Alert the physician to the client's use of herbal remedies in addition to the prescribed medications c. Inquire of the client as to the reason for using herbal remedies along with the prescribed medication. d. Ask the client to identify what herbal remedies are being used along with the prescribed medications.: D 155. The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient will the nurse see first? Select one: a. A patient having a folk healer in the room. b. A patient praying to Allah. c. A patient refusing treatment on the Sabbath. d. A patient saying that God has left and there is no reason for living.: D 156. How can the nurse ensure they provide holistic nursing practice to the patient? Select one: a. Include cultural and spirituality assessments in their nursing practice. b. Ask about the patient's pain, mobility, and feelings. c. Assess physical findings. d. Play Church TV for the patient.: A 157. The nurse wants to incorporate more spiritual care into their practice. What nursing interventions are appropriate to include? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY Select one or more: a. Praying with a patient. b. Assessing if certain beliefs or experiences influence their medical care. c. Being present for a patient in a meaningful way. d. Allowing the patient to express their spiritual thoughts, fears, doubts, and hopes.: ALL