OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology Test: Key Concepts and Definitions, Exams of Nursing

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Openstax anatomy and physiology test

of Life - ANSWER>>Cells, reproduce, use energy, have different levels of organization Homeostasis - ANSWER>>the state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things. Feedback - ANSWER>>Anything that deviates sends off warning signals- to maintain homeostasis levels of organization - ANSWER>>Chemical, Cellular, Organ, Organ System, Organism parietal - ANSWER>>Around organ visceral - ANSWER>>Pertaining to internal organs Atomic number - ANSWER>>Number of protons in an atom subatomic particles - ANSWER>>Particles found within the atom, mainly protons, neutrons, and electrons. carbon - ANSWER>>6 C hydrogen - ANSWER>>1 H nitrogen - ANSWER>>7 N oxygen - ANSWER>>8 O phosphorous - ANSWER>>15 , P sulfur - ANSWER>>16 S sodium - ANSWER>>11 Na potassium - ANSWER>>19 K calcium - ANSWER>>20 Ca

chlorine - ANSWER>>17 Cl isotopes - ANSWER>>Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. cation - ANSWER>>A positively charged ion anion - ANSWER>>A negatively charged ion bonds - ANSWER>>Bonds can bend, stretch, and rotate without breaking. ionic - ANSWER>>A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. polar covalent - ANSWER>>A covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally covalent - ANSWER>>A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons organic compound - ANSWER>>Compounds that contain carbon water - ANSWER>>A liquid made of hydroden and oxygen. h cavities - ANSWER>>Spaces within the body that help protect, separate, and support internal organs anatomy - ANSWER>>Branch of science dealing with the form and structure of body parts physiology - ANSWER>>Processes and functions of an organism ph - ANSWER>>acids and bases ph scale - ANSWER>>measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 (Very Acidic) to 14 (Very Basic) (H2O is neutral at 7)

types of energy - ANSWER>>heat, sound, light, magnetism, mechanical, electric, chemical, nuclear glucose - ANSWER>>A simple sugar that is an important source of energy. complex carbohydrates - ANSWER>>A carbohydrate composed of many molecules of C6H12O6 joined together, (polysaccharides) includes starch, glycogen, fiber lipids - ANSWER>>Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. amino acids - ANSWER>>Building blocks of protein protein - ANSWER>>An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells fat - ANSWER>>A large lipid molecule made from an alcohol called glycerol and three fatty acids; a triglyceride. Most fats function as energy- storage molecules. nucleotides - ANSWER>>Basic units of DNA molecule, composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and one of 4 DNA bases dna - ANSWER>>A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins. distal - ANSWER>>Away from an attached base proximal - ANSWER>>Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk inferior - ANSWER>>Away from the head end or toward the lower part of the body or structure; below superior - ANSWER>>Higher on the body, nearer to the head lateral - ANSWER>>Away from the midline of the body medial - ANSWER>>Closer to the midline of the body

dorsal - ANSWER>>Being or located near, on, or toward the back or posterior part of the human body ventral - ANSWER>>At the belly side of the human body 11 systems - ANSWER>>circulation, digestive, endocrine, excretory, integument, lymphatic, muscular, nervous, reproduction, respiration, skeletal parts of a cell - ANSWER>>Vacuole, plastids, nucleus, vacuole, call wall, cell membrane membrane proteins - ANSWER>>Embedded proteins that perform specific functions for the cell membrane. osmosis - ANSWER>>Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane tissues - ANSWER>>A group of similar cells that perform a specific function. neural tissue - ANSWER>>nerves, carries information from one part of the body to another in the form of electrical impulses muscle tissue - ANSWER>>An organ that can relax, contract, and provide that force to move your body parts connective tissue - ANSWER>>that which supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body is known as epithelial tissue - ANSWER>>A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out diffusion - ANSWER>>Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.