Optics and Lens Fundamentals: Comprehensive Exam Preparation, Exams of Nursing

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ABO/NOCE EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS what light is refracted by a prism, it is: - Precise Answer ✔✔bent toward the base prisms: - Precise Answer ✔✔always bend light toward the base, cause chromatic dispersion, move images toward the apex, are sometimes prescribed for muscle problems plus lenses: - Precise Answer ✔✔are thicker in the center than at the edges which of the following does not describe a minus lens? - Precise Answer ✔✔magnifies the image the parts of the eye that refract light are: - Precise Answer ✔✔cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor where the sclera and the cornea meet is called the: - Precise Answer ✔✔Limbus a cataract is: - Precise Answer ✔✔a cloudiness of the crystalline lens near visual acuity is often abbreviated as: - Precise Answer ✔✔J. 2 myopia can be attributed to: - Precise Answer ✔✔a longer than normal eyeball eyeglasses can relieve or correct all of the following conditions except: - Precise Answer ✔✔a scotoma the condition known as second slight is often associated with: - Precise Answer ✔✔incipient cataract an aphakic patient is more sensitive to light because: - Precise Answer ✔✔the filtering action of the crystalline lens is no longer present with new glasses, a patient complains that things appear smaller. This could be caused by: - Precise Answer ✔✔increase in minus power a person with diplopia: - Precise Answer ✔✔sees two objects OD: +2.00/+0.50x090 OS: +0.50/+0.25x085 the following rx illustrates a case of: - Precise Answer ✔✔anisometropia minus lenses: - Precise Answer ✔✔correct for myopia, show with motion when moved, are thinner at the center than at the edge decentering a minus lens downward will cause: - Precise Answer ✔✔base up prism a patient complains of the floor tilting away from him when he puts on his new glasses. This is probably caused by: - Precise Answer ✔✔an increase in plus power In what quadrant would the base of the resultant prism occur in the following: OD: plano SPH 2BU & 2BO - Precise Answer ✔✔upper temporal the color usually recommended for shooting glasses is: - Precise Answer ✔✔kalichrome yellow safety experts say the best color for night driving is - Precise Answer ✔✔no color photophobia can be relieved by all the following except: - Precise Answer ✔✔yellow lenses the refractive error where rays of light focus in front of the retina is: - Precise Answer ✔✔myopia Which of the following is a usually acceptable method of improving appearance: - Precise Answer ✔✔O.D. -4.50 sph 2BU & 1BI O.S. -4.00 sph 2BD & 1BI Which of the following is usually the most satisfactory bridge for children: - Precise Answer ✔✔Saddle In trying a new frame on, you find that a particular frame fits a patient well, but the frame sits too high. You should select another frame with a bridge that is: - Precise Answer ✔✔higher Most fused bifocals now use the following type of glass for the segments to reduce chromatic problems: - Precise Answer ✔✔Barium Distortion in strong plus lenses (above +8.00) can be reduced by use of: - Precise Answer ✔✔Asphericity The nominal power of a 2x hand held magnifier is: - Precise Answer ✔✔8 diopters The reflection off the cornea usually coincides with: - Precise Answer ✔✔The visual axis of the eye RX: O.D. +12.00/-1.00x175 O.S. Balance What is the most suitable lens to use for the left eye: - Precise Answer ✔✔+11.50 sph RX: O.D. +10.00 sph O.S. +11.25/-0.75x180 Add: +2.00 O.U. Which of the following bifocals is the least suitable for this Rx: - Precise Answer ✔✔executive RX: O.D. +12.25/-0.50x165 O.S. Balance The patient is a right unilateral aphakic. You would expect the patient to: - Precise Answer ✔✔Have good vision only for the right eye with glasses RX: O.D. +11.50/-1.00x90 O.S. +10.75/-0.50x85 Add: +2.50 O.U. P.D. 66/62 Which of the following fames is not suitable for this job: - Precise Answer ✔✔Sprint Goggle 58x51 15DBL RX: O.D. +11.50/-1.00x90 O.S. +10.75/-0.50x85 Add: +2.50 O.U. P.D. 66/62 The person wearing the above Rx (#51) is an aphakic. He wants a separate pair of sunglasses just for golf. Which of the following would be suitable: - Precise Answer ✔✔single vision with the patient informed to slide them down his nose to see at near RX: -3.00 sph O.U. Safety Glasses The minimum thickness of the lenses must be: - Precise Answer ✔✔3mm The most commonly used plastic frame material for safety eyewear is - Precise Answer ✔✔Cellulose acetate safety Lenses must withstand: - Precise Answer ✔✔a 1" ball dropped from 50" Standard trifocals have an intermediate that is - Precise Answer ✔✔50% of the near add The standard separation between segments in a double-D segment occupational lens is: - Precise Answer ✔✔13mm Which of the following can reduce edge thickness of a minus lens: - Precise Answer ✔✔a Myodisc ADD PIC The glass slab off lens in the above illustration has: - Precise Answer ✔✔2D of slab off RX: O.D. +2.50 sph O.S. +2.50/-2.50x180 Add: +2.00 O.U. If the above Rx is made in bifocal, how much prism imbalance would be induced at a reading level 10mm below the distance optical center: - Precise Answer ✔✔2.5 diopters The index of refraction of a material is equal to: - Precise Answer ✔✔the speed of light in air divided by the speed of light in the material RX: +2.00 sph O.U. add: +2.00 O.U. P.D. 66/62 Frame: 50/50 Flat-top 25 bifocal The amount of inset for each lens is: - Precise Answer ✔✔2 mm RX: -3.00/-1.00x105 Decentered 4 mm in If the above lens was an oval shape and was inserted in the frame upside down: - Precise Answer ✔✔there would be base in prism The ED is: - Precise Answer ✔✔twice the measurement of the distance from the geometric center of the lens to the furthest edge RX: +2.25 sph O.U. Add: +2.50 O.U. Flat-top bifocal OD: +12.00/-1.75x170 OS: balance the balance was prescribed for all of the following except: - Precise Answer ✔✔to achieve binocularity according to ANSI standards which of the following is NOT acceptable: - Precise Answer ✔✔0.50 diopter cylinder 8 degrees off axis RX: OD: -1.00/-0.50x180 OS: -2.00/-0.50x180 6BU How would you order the above to improve appearance and wearability: - Precise Answer ✔✔OD: - 1.00/-0.50x180 3BD OS: -2.00/-0.50x180 3BU image formation occurs: - Precise Answer ✔✔at retina of each eye hyperopia is corrected with a __________ lens. - Precise Answer ✔✔plus the optical center of a lens is: - Precise Answer ✔✔the point of zero refraction of the lens a -4.00 diopter lens will focus or appear to focus parallel incident light: - Precise Answer ✔✔10 inches in front of the lenses if the RX is +2.00/-4.00x135, it would be necessary to decenter this lens ______ mm to create 1.00 diopter of prism, base in: - Precise Answer ✔✔impossible RX: OD: -4.50/-1.00x180 OS: -2.50/-1.00x045 this rx indicates an obvious case of: - Precise Answer ✔✔anisometropia a patient stops into your office for an adjustment of his glasses. after careful inspection, you find only thing wrong is that there is too much pantoscopic tilt. to make necessary adjustment, you will: - Precise Answer ✔✔angle the temples upward from the endpieces RX: OD: +13.00 OS: balance ADD: +2.75 OU what balance lens would you use to provide the best appearance: - Precise Answer ✔✔+13.00 ADD: +2.75 the tendency of an eye to deviate from its normal position is called: - Precise Answer ✔✔a phoria determine the rx from the following lensometer readings: first reading: sphere meiers in focus with power drum at -2.00, axis wheel set at 20 second reading: cylinder meiers in focus with power drum at +0.75 - Precise Answer ✔✔- 2.00/+2.75x020 a lens of -2.00/+3.00x090 power corrects: - Precise Answer ✔✔mixed astigmatism one prism diopter: - Precise Answer ✔✔deviates a ray of light 0.5cm at a distance of 1/2 meter the cental vision or visual acuity depends on the sight perceiving ability of the retina at the: - Precise Answer ✔✔fovea centralis if a plus sphere could bring parallel rays of light to a point of focus at a distance of 0.5 meters, it would have a power of: - Precise Answer ✔✔2 diopters RX: plano/-2.50x045 - Precise Answer ✔✔simple myopic astigmatism parallel rays of incident light are refracted by a positive lens and: - Precise Answer ✔✔brought to a real point focus if a prism can deviate a ray of light 8cm at a distance of 2meters, what would be its power be: - Precise Answer ✔✔4 diopters with the exception of very high minus lenses, what lens form is used in the production of spectacle lenses: - Precise Answer ✔✔meniscus the best method for making a -10.00 DS lens shatterproof is by: - Precise Answer ✔✔increasing the center thickness How much does an average pair of eyes converge for reading: - Precise Answer ✔✔4 mm a current trend in bifocals is the use of: - Precise Answer ✔✔wider segments the opposite of -4.00 is: - Precise Answer ✔✔-4.00 and -(-4) an aphakic patient has experienced: - Precise Answer ✔✔removal of the entire crystalline lens a pinkish coloration of the inner surface of the lids and the outer surface of the sclera is probably: - Precise Answer ✔✔conjunctivitis the physiological blind spot is positioned: - Precise Answer ✔✔at the point where the optic nerve leaves the globe the correct term used to express the amount of prism in a lens is: - Precise Answer ✔✔prism diopter RX: +3.75/+1.25x045 a pantoscopic angle is decreased: - Precise Answer ✔✔the optical centers should be lowered if a light of about 570 nanometers wavelength reaches your eyes, you will have a sensation of seeing: - Precise Answer ✔✔yellow a lens of -2.00/+2.00x090 power corrects: - Precise Answer ✔✔simple myopic astigmatism peripheral vision is chiefly the function of the: - Precise Answer ✔✔rods the near optical center in a round bifocal segment is located: - Precise Answer ✔✔in the geometric center index of refraction: - Precise Answer ✔✔186,000 MPS / speed of light through the medium MPS square equivalent: - Precise Answer ✔✔1/2 the cylinder power plus the total sphere minimum blank size: - Precise Answer ✔✔MBS=A+DBL+ED-PD Frame PD-Patient PD+Effective Diameter Decentration+Effective Diameter focal length: - Precise Answer ✔✔1/diopters of power vertex distance (power change): - Precise Answer ✔✔millimeters moved (lens power x lens power)/ 1000 transposition: - Precise Answer ✔✔combine sph and cyl, CHANGE axis by 90 decentration: - Precise Answer ✔✔A+DBL-Customer PD= total decentration (divide by 2 to get decentration per lens) Frame PD-Customer PD= total decentration (divide by 2 to get decentration per lens) vertical decentration: - Precise Answer ✔✔OC height - (B measurement ÷ 2) segment placement: - Precise Answer ✔✔Segment height - (B measurement divided by 2) prentice rule: - Precise Answer ✔✔decentration: mm prism: triangle power: P decentration to create prism= - Precise Answer ✔✔D=10x triangle/ P induced prism: - Precise Answer ✔✔triangle= P x mm/ 10 degrees of axis to % of cyl in effect - Precise Answer ✔✔0-0 30-25 45-50 60-75 90-100