Organic Chemistry I Exam 1 Review-Graded A, Exams of Advanced Education

Download Organic Chemistry I Exam 1 Review-Graded A and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! Organic Chemistry I Exam 1 Review- Graded A Organic Chemistry - correct answer-Chemistry of compounds CONTAINING carbon Inorganic Chemistry - correct answer-Chemistry of compounds NOT containing carbon What is the simplest organic compound? - correct answer-Methane Three ways to represent organic compounds - correct answer-1.) Condensed structural formula 2.) Dash Formula 3.) Bond-line formula ("stick figure") Bond-line formula - correct answer-Each intersection and endpoint is a carbon atom; H atoms are assumed. *If a hydrogen is bonded to a heteroatom, YOU MUST DRAW THE HYDROGEN IN! (i.e. -OH) Functional Groups - correct answer-R=any generic carbon containing group Alkanes - correct answer-Carbon-Carbon single bond Alkenes - correct answer-Carbon-Carbon double bond Alkynes - correct answer-Carbon-Carbon triple bond Aromatics (Arenes) - correct answer-Six-carbon rings; 3 double bonds Haloalkanes (Alkyl halides) - correct answer-Carbon-Halogen bond (i.e. C-F, Cl, Br, I) Alcohols - correct answer-Carbon-Oxygen-Hydrogen bond Ethers - correct answer-Carbon-Oxygen-Carbon bond Amines - correct answer-Nitrogen bonded to one or more hydrogen atom Aldehydes - correct answer-Carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydrogen Ketones - correct answer-Carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to one or more carbons Carboxylic Acids - correct answer-Contain a -COOH group Esters - correct answer-Carbonyl group (C=O) single bonded to an O Amides - correct answer-Carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a Nitrogen Nitriles - correct answer-C triple-bonded to an N Empirical Formula - correct answer-Chemical formula that shows the kinds of atoms and their RELATIVE numbers in a substance (LCD) Molecular Formula - correct answer-Indicates the ACTUAL number of atoms of each element in one molecule of a substance Valence - correct answer-Measure of the ability to form a fixed number of bonds (i.e. Carbon has a valence of 4) Isomers - correct answer-Different compounds that have the same molecular formula (different geometries) Constitutional Isomers - correct answer-Different compounds that have the same molecular formula, but differ in their connectivity (sequence in w/ch their atoms are bonded together) Saturated Compound - correct answer-Does NOT contain any multiple bonds; contain the MAX # hydrogens that a carbon compound can contain Unsaturated Compound - correct answer-Contains multiple bonds Units of Unsaturation Equation - correct answer-[[(2x#C)+2]-#H-#X+#N] / 2 IGNORE THE OXYGEN Ionic Bonds - correct answer-Formed by a TRANSFER of one or more electrons from one atoms to another (ions) 1 Exception!!! (Ammonium: NH4+) Covalent Bonds - correct answer-Formed when two atoms SHARE electrons equally Polar Covalent Bonds (Polar Bonds) - correct answer-Formed when two atoms do NOT share electrons equally Octet Rule - correct answer-Bonded atoms tend to possess or share a total of eight valence-shell electrons