Organizational Behavior Exam 1 Questions, Exams of Nursing

Download Organizational Behavior Exam 1 Questions and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! HMD 305 Exam 1 questions well answered already passed organizational behavior - correct answer ✔✔a field of study focused on understanding, explaining, and improving attitudes of individuals and groups in organizations organization - correct answer ✔✔a structured arrangement of people working together to accomplish specific goals. Planning - correct answer ✔✔a manager evaluates the organizations current position and where it wants to be in the future, and set goals, designs strategies, and identifies actions to achieve success Organizing - correct answer ✔✔arranging resources such as people and functions to implement strategies made during planning phase Controlling - correct answer ✔✔allows manager to monitor employee performance and ensure milestones are being met technical skill - correct answer ✔✔is an aptitude for performing and applying specialized tasks. Human skills - correct answer ✔✔the ability to relate to other people. People with effective human skills take the feelings of others into account and are adept at dealing with conflict. Emotional intelligence - correct answer ✔✔a key human skill, which is an awareness of how your actions affect other people. Conceptual skills - correct answer ✔✔help managers solve problems, identify opportunities and challenges, and think creatively when making decisions. strategic OB approach - correct answer ✔✔based on the idea that people are the key to productivity, competitive edge, and financial success. Which type of skill involves the performance and application of specialized tasks? - correct answer ✔✔Technical The most valuable thing a manager gains from observing work behavior is the ability to - correct answer ✔✔Influence behavior Why is organizational behavior so important today? - correct answer ✔✔The right people with the right skills are essential How many levels of analysis are within the organizational behavior model? - correct answer ✔✔Three _________ provide individuals and groups with the tools and systems to achieve objectives and goals - correct answer ✔✔Organizations _________ is a strategy in which managers empower employees to make decisions, provide them with extensive training and opportunities to increase their knowledge base, share important information, and provide incentive compensation - correct answer ✔✔High-achievement management Of the five behavioral science disciplines, which one studies how conflict is managed and how power is distributed? - correct answer ✔✔Political Science Which of the five behavioral sciences, related to organizational behavior, has a primary focus on the mental health and well-being of employees in relation to their work performance? - correct answer ✔✔Psychology What are the two different kinds of resources that organizations have? - correct answer ✔✔Intangible and tangible The ability to communicate and interact with others is an example of which challenge/opportunity for organizations? - correct answer ✔✔people skills The MBTI profile is made of four pairs of psychological preferences because we tend to lean toward one or the other when determining our preferences. - correct answer ✔✔False Which dimension of personality from the Big Five model focuses on being curious, creative, and receptive to new ideas? - correct answer ✔✔openness to experience Which dimension of personality from the Big Five model focuses on being trusting, good-natured, tolerant, and forgiving? - correct answer ✔✔Agreeableness Cheryl is characterized as competitive, impatient, aggressive, and achievement-oriented. Which characteristic best describes Cheryl? - correct answer ✔✔Type-A orientated In order to have a harmonious organizational environment, one must ______. - correct answer ✔✔understand the differences and similarities between workers Planning and adaptability relate to which pair of psychological preferences of the MBTI? - correct answer ✔✔judging and perceiving What are the two main areas where personality is formed as stated in the textbook? - correct answer ✔✔nature and nurture Of the four MBTI pairs of preferences, which one relates to the approach one takes to making decisions? - correct answer ✔✔thinking and feeling Which item below is not a personality characteristic included in the Big Five model? - correct answer ✔✔meticulousness Which trait is not an example of a physical personality trait inherited from nature? - correct answer ✔✔temper What dimension of personality is the tendency to engage in behaviors that might have positive or negative outcomes? - correct answer ✔✔risk-taking propensity Researchers believe that we receive ______ of our personality from environmental and situational factors such as culture, religion, and family life. - correct answer ✔✔60% People who are ______ are generally passive and take very little action to change the circumstances surrounding them. - correct answer ✔✔Low in proactive personality The way one processes information relates to which pair of psychological preferences of the MBTI? - correct answer ✔✔sensing and intuiting Which is not an example of surface-level diversity? - correct answer ✔✔values The housing market crisis of 2007 and 2008 was likely caused by actions associated with which personality dimension? - correct answer ✔✔high-risk takers Which of the items listed below is not one of the psychological preferences of the MBTI? - correct answer ✔✔notion Four of the five managers in Jose's company are male. Therefore, Jose feels that he has a good chance of being promoted. Which aspect of diversity is Jose's company not following? - correct answer ✔✔gender Differences in attitudes, values, beliefs, and personality are all examples of ______. - correct answer ✔✔deep-level diversity Which statement most accurately describes perception? - correct answer ✔✔Self-critiquing can help a person understand how others may perceive them. A person will tend to take notice of others who are similar to them - correct answer ✔✔False According to a survey by Pew Research Center, how many Americans believe that false information is causing confusion regarding current events? - correct answer ✔✔more than half Two people are in the same location and witnessing the same event at the same time. However, they both interpret the situation differently. What factor is affecting perception in this example? - correct answer ✔✔The percievers Posting certain types of status updates on Facebook and very different status updates on LinkedIn is an example of ______. - correct answer ✔✔Impression management What is the perceptional distortion in which attractive people are more likely to be viewed as intelligent as well? - correct answer ✔✔Halo effect Which perceptual distortion involves transferring your own thoughts and motivations to someone else? - correct answer ✔✔projecting When interviewing for a job, you should avoid small talk before the interview. - correct answer ✔✔False A student who is always alert and engaged in his or her physics class falls asleep one day during the lecture. This behavior would be described as having ______. - correct answer ✔✔Low consistency People perceive their own behaviors in the same way that they perceive the behaviors of others. - correct answer ✔✔False Judging a behavior based on the personal characteristics of others is known as ______. - correct answer ✔✔internal attribution Which is an example of self-serving bias? - correct answer ✔✔believing you got a bad grade because the teacher is a hard grader Negative reinforcement is used to decrease a behavior. - correct answer ✔✔False What type of learning involves converting a neutral stimulus to a conditioned stimulus? - correct answer ✔✔Classical conditioning What factor that influences our internal and external attributions listed below looks at how everyone else responds in the same situation? - correct answer ✔✔consensus What factor that influences our internal and external attributions listed below is explained as the extent to which a person behaves consistently in similar situations? - correct answer ✔✔distinctiveness ______ is the removal of previously experienced negative consequences, resulting in the likelihood that certain behaviors will occur again in the same or similar situations. - correct answer ✔✔negative reinforcement What factor that influences our internal and external attributions listed below is the extent to which a person responds in the same way over a period of time? - correct answer ✔✔consistency The three factors that influence perceptions mentioned in the textbook are the comprehender, the environment, and the focal object. - correct answer ✔✔False One characteristic of emotions is that they are ______. - correct answer ✔✔intense Which statement about the effect of a person is true? - correct answer ✔✔it covers a broad range of feelings Moods are more intense than emotions. - correct answer ✔✔False Which scenario is an example of emotional labor? - correct answer ✔✔acting happy around others when feeling sad Avoiding the desk of a coworker that you don't get along with is an example of ______. - correct answer ✔✔situational selection When the emotions of one person spread to other group members, it is referred to as ______. - correct answer ✔✔Emotional contigation Emotional intelligence involves understanding and controlling your own emotions as well as managing the emotions of others. - correct answer ✔✔true Our attitudes are, in part, formed by the combination of all knowledge and opinions about a specific person, object, or event. In other words, it is formed by ______. - correct answer ✔✔cognitive appraisal Which concept applies to a person experiencing stress associated with their beliefs and actions not being aligned? - correct answer ✔✔cognitive dissonance Sexual harassment is a form of counterproductive work behavior - correct answer ✔✔True Which descriptor is most applicable to organizational citizenship behavior - correct answer ✔✔Voluntary Relationships with coworkers, levels of job-related stress, and job security are all factors of ______. - correct answer ✔✔job satisfaction Hindrance stressors are positively correlated to work performance. - correct answer ✔✔false Stress can cause physiological and psychological responses. - correct answer ✔✔true An example of a challenge stressor is ______. - correct answer ✔✔workload According to the survey by the RAND Corporation, one in four employees identified ______ as their dominant stressor at work. - correct answer ✔✔tight deadlines Problem-focused coping includes which technique? - correct answer ✔✔Identifying the cause Divorce is an example of what type of stress? - correct answer ✔✔distress An example of the physiological element of distress is ______. - correct answer ✔✔insomnia There is a direct relationship between coping skills and work performance. - correct answer ✔✔True Reappraisal is a type of antecedent-focused strategy within emotional regulation. - correct answer ✔✔False Avoiding work or taking shortcuts, creating conflict, harassing coworkers, being physical or verbally aggressive, and stealing or sabotaging work efforts are all examples of ______. - correct answer ✔✔Counterproductive work behaviors Challenge stressors are ______. - correct answer ✔✔positively related to motivation and performance Which of the following is an example of counterproductive work behaviors? - correct answer ✔✔showing up to work late Negative attitudes and emotions that can lower job satisfaction are called ______. - correct answer ✔✔psychological element of stress Our beliefs provide us with the necessary information to shape our attitudes, which in turn shape our ______. - correct answer ✔✔behaviors Which element below is associated with eustress? - correct answer ✔✔high performance As stated in the textbook, what item below determines our likes and dislikes and helps us to make judgments about other people or events? - correct answer ✔✔attitudes Which item below lasts longer than emotions? - correct answer ✔✔moods Which element below is a set of processes through which people influence their own emotions and the ways in which they experience and express them? - correct answer ✔✔emotional regulation Perception of what is fair depends on the ratio of outcomes to inputs. - correct answer ✔✔true The concept of organizational justice interprets how employees see their organization in terms of behaviors, decisions, and ______. - correct answer ✔✔actions An employee isn't interested in participating in a contest at work because she has no interest in the prize. What does this represent? - correct answer ✔✔low valence With regard to expectancy theory, expectancy refers to the probability that hard work will lead to ______. - correct answer ✔✔high-level of performance Expectancy theory states that people are motivated by a desire to maximize satisfaction and minimize dissatisfaction. - correct answer ✔✔true What term describes work-outcome relationships? - correct answer ✔✔instrumentality Intrinsic motivation is composed of the need for ______ and the need for self-determination. - correct answer ✔✔competence When extrinsic rewards are perceived as low, what happens to intrinsic motivation? - correct answer ✔✔decreases Which is an example of intrinsic motivation? - correct answer ✔✔taking a class because you enjoy learning Annual recognition and awards are extrinsic rewards. - correct answer ✔✔true One negative consequence of seniority-based pay is that it ______. - correct answer ✔✔can be demotivating Job content-based pay is seen as a strong method of paying fairly. - correct answer ✔✔true What is merit pay tied to? - correct answer ✔✔job performance Our ability to reason and focus can decline over time. This reflects a change in ______. - correct answer ✔✔fluid intelligence Compensation for learning new job functions that can improve job implementation is known as ______ pay. - correct answer ✔✔skill-based Employees at a company regularly change jobs within the company to learn different skills. What approach to job design does this represent? - correct answer ✔✔job rotation What is a characteristic of job enrichment? - correct answer ✔✔empowering employees Which theory was based on the early 20th-century "time and motion" studies that observed task completion and task timing between different people? - correct answer ✔✔scientific management When new types of work assignments are added to a position's responsibilities, it is called job ______. - correct answer ✔✔job enlargement impact describes the employee's ability to ______. - correct answer ✔✔influence work-related plans Competence is being able to successfully perform a task. - correct answer ✔✔true The degree to which employees feel personally fulfilled and contribute to the greater good of an organization is called ______. - correct answer ✔✔psychological empowerment Employees can pick their schedule from pre-approved options. - correct answer ✔✔flextime Employees work four 10-hour days per week rather than five 8-hour days. - correct answer ✔✔compressed work week One full-time position is split among two employees. - correct answer ✔✔job sharing Employees work from home rather than the office. - correct answer ✔✔telecommuting Which group, on average, changes employers every three years? - correct answer ✔✔millenials One disadvantage associated with remote work or telecommuting is that employees ______. - correct answer ✔✔may feel isolated ______ is a method of setting forth the duties and responsibilities of a job with the intention of improving productivity and performance. - correct answer ✔✔job design Which nontraditional work schedule divides one full-time job among two or more people who work predetermined hours? - correct answer ✔✔job sharing Which term below means flexible working hours whereby an employee can customize his or her own work hours within limits established by management? - correct answer ✔✔flextime Which term below is defined as external awards to employees? - correct answer ✔✔extrinsic rewards An employee who works four 10-hr days each week and then enjoys a 3-day weekend, or works 80 hr in 9 days with an extra day off every other week is considered a job sharer. - correct answer ✔✔false Which element below is defined as the feeling of motivation and control we get from making efforts that do not rely on any external influences? - correct answer ✔✔need for self determination Which psychological empowerment belief is defined as the value of work tasks in line with a person's own self-concepts and ideals? - correct answer ✔✔meaningfulness Which category describes the cognitive processes through which needs are translated into behavior? - correct answer ✔✔process theories