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OT 663 MIDTERM COMPREHENSIVE EXAM AND
PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST 2024/2025 ACTUAL EXAM
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
4 elements of IRM - CORRECT ANSWER>>> 1. Client
- Interpersonal events that occur during therapy
- Therapist
- Occupation
The focal point of therapy according to IRM = - CORRECT ANSWER>>> the client
3 areas of OT: - CORRECT ANSWER>>> o humanistic ideas
o medical model o occupation centered practice
Essential characteristics of therapeutic use of self - CORRECT ANSWER>>> o Perception of
the individual & uniqueness of the individual o Respect o Empathy o Compassion o Humility o Non-judgmental o Honest o Ability to leave other concerns/thoughts aside and focus on the individual at hand
o Flexibility to modify o Self-awareness o Humor
What defines a good therapist?: - CORRECT ANSWER>>> · Emphasis on caring & empathy
· Clinical reasoning & use of narrative o Good base of knowledge o Good technical skills o Ability to manage interpersonal aspects of therapy
Elizabeth Yerxa - CORRECT ANSWER>>> · Occupational science is not just for OTs
· Client centered practice vs occupation centered
- occupation centered
- occupation focused
- occupation based
Yerxa: client centered vs occupation centered: ct centered - CORRECT ANSWER>>> - An
approach to service which embraces a philosophy of respect for, and partnership with people receiving services
- OT's work with clients to create and select activities that are specifically relevant to that client's interests or goals
Yerxa: occupation centered vs client centered : occupation centered - CORRECT
ANSWER>>> - Services that include understanding the client as an occupation being,
evaluating occupation performance, and using treatment activities that are less stimulate and more similar to what they would be in the clients' own context.
occupation in practice articles - CORRECT ANSWER>>> · Mary Reilly, 1961
· Elizabeth Yerxa, 1966 · Glen Gillen, 2013
Occupational Therapy Can Be One of the Great Ideas of the 20th-Century Medicine -
CORRECT ANSWER>>> - Mary Reilly, 1961
- Main Hypothesis: Man through the use of hands as they are energized by mind and will, can influence the state of his own health
- Main Points:
- Criticism/skepticism= necessary
- Will the hypothesis work in America? Yes Will it work in the 20th-century? Yes, but you have to do more than just acknowledge the problem (you have to advocate, put the occupation back in OT, and learn from the past)
- Vital Need- do something with purpose
- Unique Service- occupation-based/be productive, occupation science to back it up, environmental tasks and modifications
Elizabeth Yerxa 1966 ESC lecture - CORRECT ANSWER>>> - Professionalism- meet real
needs, unique, has and follows a unique philosophy, and is authentic
- OT: a growing body of knowledge, education, recognized by legal agencies and legislation
- Purpose of OT- produce a reality-orienting influence upon a ct's perception of their physical environment and their social/psychological self to the end that they can function in their environment w/ self-actualization
- Core 4:
- choice
- self-initiated and purposeful
- reality-orienting
- perception
- Ot's View of Man- as a human, in a holistic way
- authentic ot- colab w/ OT and ct, ct-centered, evidence-based, and occupation-centered; TUS/therapeutic relationship
A Fork in the Road: An Occupational Hazard - CORRECT ANSWER>>> - glen gillen
- put the occupation back in occupational therapy
- no one does occupation like OTs
therapeutic modes: interpersonal behavior - CORRECT ANSWER>>> - Our internal
thoughts and feelings
- Our experience interacting with others
- A stable psychobiological profile
- A product of genetics, biology, and experiences interacting with key others
- Stable through time
- Our interpersonal behavior is most adaptive when we draw upon a wide range of interpersonal styles and select the best style for a given interpersonal context.
therapeutic modes: most adaptive - CORRECT ANSWER>>> draw upon a WIDE RANGE of
interpersonal styles and select the best style for a given context
therapeutic modes: less adaptive - CORRECT ANSWER>>> overutilize a SMALL set of these
characteristics in an inflexible manner
therapeutic modes: interpersonal mode - CORRECT ANSWER>>> specific way of relating
to a client within a therapeutic interaction
Ex- clients choose their own activities/goals,
therapeutic mode: encouraging - CORRECT ANSWER>>> A therapeutic mode that involves
providing the client with positive support to instill confidence and hope statements and actions that instill hope praising and reinforcing desired behaviors responding to a ct's use of humor/preference for humor celebrating success w/ a ct using play, song, dance, or other entertaining actions to engage a ct, if appropriate
therapeutic mode: problem solving - CORRECT ANSWER>>> A therapeutic mode that
involves using interpersonal skills to support the client to:
- identify an alternative solution
- determine pros and cons to current behaviors
- Strategic questions that probe and clarify a client's beliefs about an issue for three central purposes:
- To guide the client to approach a problem in a more adaptive way
- To free a client from thoughts and beliefs that inhibit his or her ability to engage in occupations
- To help a client clarify his or her own thinking about an issue in order to see a wider range of options, consequences, or dimensions List pros and cons, or strengths and weaknesses, of a client's plans or approach. Use other strategies, such as making lists, in order to facilitate anticipatory thinking and planning.
ex- strategic questions that probe and clarify a client's beliefs about an issue for 3 central purposes
therapeutic mode: instructing - CORRECT ANSWER>>> A therapeutic mode that involves
providing education to support the client to:
- learn new information
- follow a specific protocol or precaution
- know the effect of thoughts and behaviors on performance
- Train, coach, guide, and model behavior for the client.
- Make expectations from the client clear.
- Provide structure to the therapy process for the client, including outlining what will happen before it happens.
- Pr- Provide the client with corrective feedback, when necessary. - Be unafraid to make recommendations, set limits, or disagree with clients. - Assign activities for the client to do outside of the immediate therapy session. - Function as an outward leader by showing a sense of conviction.ovide evidence for your approach or perspective. Ex- Jane is a 60 yr old female who recently sustained a left sided CVA. You meet her in her home for home health OT services. Jane doesn't believe that she can be full independent in ADLs ever again. You talk her through the tasks all the while reinforcing verbally the support available with the task if needed
therapeutic mode: advocating - CORRECT ANSWER>>> A therapeutic mode that involves
ensuring that: the client has access to necessary resources the rights of the client are respected
- Acts as a facilitator, case coordinator, defender of justice, or consultant rather than as a service provider.
functional outcomes - CORRECT ANSWER>>> describe the person's ability to function in
relation to the desired usual activities ex- increase dynamic standing balance
sadness - CORRECT ANSWER>>> o Stay silent if the news is sudden or disability is very
new. Offer a tissue or water o Intervene if the sadness is significant enough to interfere with the client's participation in the tasks and activities of OT o Give assurance Natural reaction to loss Has the potential to limit occupational engagement Has the potential to lead to isolation Best managed if shared with you or others Can manifest in terms of irritability (particularly in children, teens, or males) May manifest as numbness or apathy
anger - CORRECT ANSWER>>> o Be careful if client is making subtle or obvious threats
anxiety - CORRECT ANSWER>>> o Usually remaining silent only increases a client's anxiety
TUS History: Mosey (1981 and 1986) - CORRECT ANSWER>>> conscious use of self as the
ability to deliberately use one's own responses to clients as part of therapy.
TUS History: Denton (1987) - CORRECT ANSWER>>> conveying an attitude of respect and
acceptance to clients so self-esteem could be restored. Selfesteem could also be enhanced.
TUS History: Schwartzberg (1993) - CORRECT ANSWER>>> comprising understanding,
empathy, and caring. Remaining neutral but engaged, accepting the client as he or she is, being
tolerant and interested in the client's painful emotions, being able to interpret the client's painful emotions, and being able to interpret the client's expectation of therapy accurately
TUS History: Hagedorn (1995) - CORRECT ANSWER>>> artful, selective, or intuitive use of
personal attributes to enhance therapy
TUS History: Cara and MacRae (1998) - CORRECT ANSWER>>> developing an individual
style that promotes change and growth in clients and helps furnish them with a corrective emotional experience.
TUS History: Punwar and Peloquin (2000) - CORRECT ANSWER>>> practioner's planned
use of his or her personality, insights, perceptions and judgments as part of the therapeutic process.
TUS ct-centered - CORRECT ANSWER>>> - An orientation to and value for the client's
perspective - A strength-based perspective in which clients are encouraged to problem-solve and make decisions, identify needs and goals, envision possibilities, challenge themselves, and use their strengths and natural community supports to succeed.
- Communication: client education, collaboration, open and honest discussion.
Interdisciplinary Links between Occupational Science and: - CORRECT
ANSWER>>> Preventative medicine
Biomedical engineering Rehabilitation science Gerontology Public health Anthropology Sociology
Too frequently or inflexibly With the "wrong" client When inconsistent with a client's interpersonal needs When the timing is not right
... May interfere with the process and outcome of therapy
occupational potential - CORRECT ANSWER>>> • One's capacity to do
- Wilcock: "future capability to engage in occupation towards needs, goals and dreams for health, material requirements, happiness and well-being"
life stories - CORRECT ANSWER>>> • Stories told about what one has done during
their life
- Value as they allow us to generate knowledge regarding occupation- Comprehensive view of our client's occupational experiences
Development of Occupational Potential - CORRECT ANSWER>>> • Generally
unpredictable: Environmental influence and Personal influence
- Dynamic interaction between the environment and client, and specific features that come into interaction rendering it unique.
benefits of life stories - CORRECT ANSWER>>> • Allow for study of occupation
- Exploration of
- Personal meaning
- Temporality
- Occupational historicity
- Contextual dynamics
life story process - CORRECT ANSWER>>> 1. Determining the boundaries
- Ordering chronologically
- Establishing the plot
- Determining the contributors
- Writing the narrative
the process: determining boundaries - CORRECT ANSWER>>> • Begin with birth, end at
last interview
- Personal insights on how clients evaluate their lives
the process: ordering chronologically - CORRECT ANSWER>>> • Structured chronologically
- Clients present information out of sequence (thematic)
the process: establishing the plot - CORRECT ANSWER>>> • Should "enable the contextual
meaning of individuals and events
- Not immediately apparent
- occupational
the process: determining the contributors - CORRECT ANSWER>>> • Reviewing data
considering plot
- Determining what events/happenings contribute & are consistent
- Identifying transitions
- Removing unnecessary elements
the process: writing the narrative - CORRECT ANSWER>>> Creative endeavor
