PACKRAT Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024, Exams of Advanced Education

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PACKRAT Exam Questions With 100%

Correct Answers 2024

ID - Ring Enhancing lesions shown on MRI in a HIV + pt indicates what and what is the treatment? - Correct Answer- Toxiplasmosis - fever, hemiparesis, HA, Dementia GYN - Define Haegars sign, Chadwicks sign, McDonald's sign - Correct Answer-Chadwick - bluish discoloration of cervix indicating pregnancy McDonald's - Flexibility at uterocervical junction at 7-8 weeks of pregnancy Haegar's sign - Softening of the cervix ENT - Most reliable sign of Acute Otitis Media is what? - Correct Answer-Loss of TM mobility during pneumoinsufflation *not bulging of the TM (Suggests effusion as likely) GYN - What is swelling of the breast tissue a result of in a female prior to Menses? - Correct Answer-Breast tissue swells due to progesterone which increases the ducts and alveoli

MSK - Anatomically, what portion of the spinal column is responsible for vibration sense and proprioception? - Correct Answer-Posterior column MSK - Anatomically, what portion of the spinal column is responsible for temperature sensation - Correct Answer- Lateral Spinothalmic tract MSK - Anatomically, what portion of the spinal column is responsible for touch and pressure sensation? - Correct Answer-Ventral Spinothalmic tract ID - Fungal form of meningitis presenting in HIV patients and chronic steroid users, usually not presenting with a fever (< 50% of pts) - Correct Answer-Cryptococcus Pulm - What is the recommended diagnostic test in a patient experiencing an Asthma Exacerbation? - Correct Answer-Peak flow meter CXR is ordered when the history supports pneumonia or pneumothorax

Which of the following is classified as a primary pneumothorax? Penetrating blunt force Subpleural bleb rupture Underlying cancer Air exceeding pressure in subpleural space - Correct Answer- Penetrating blunt force - Traumatic Pneumo **Subpleural bleb rupture - Primary Pneumo Underlying cancer - Secondary Pneumo Air exceeding pressure in subpleural space - Tension Pneumo Gen - What age should annual BP measurements begin? 3 5 12 18 - Correct Answer-3 y/o is when preventative health assessment should begin

Ortho - What bones are most susceptible to osteomyelitis in an IV drug user? - Correct Answer-Vertebral spine is most commonly affected - very well perfused Critical care - when a patient presents with elevated calcium level, what test must be ordered to properly evaluate the hypercalcemia? - Correct Answer-Albumin levels - 50% of calcium is bound to albumin Neuro - Bell's palsy affects what cranial nerve? - Correct Answer-Cranial nerve VII - it is suggested that it results from activation of HSV ENT/Peds - Infants eyes should move parallel and without deviation (Strabismus) by what age? - Correct Answer- months - it is normal to have strabismus for first few months of life, but should not persist beyond 6 mo Gyn - What is the only antibiotic that decreases effects of oral contraceptives? - Correct Answer-Rifampin ID - What will be shown on blood smear in patient with Mono

• Correct Answer-Atypical Lymphocytes

Heme - What disease process are shistocytes associated with?

• Correct Answer-Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Heme - What disease process are hypersegmented neutrophils associated with? - Correct Answer-Vitamin B 12 Deficiency Psych - Patients presenting due to recreational drug induced seizures are most at risk for what? - Correct Answer- Rhabdomylysis and Hyperthermia Be sure to check creatine kinase Pneumonia: Alcohol Abuse - Correct Answer-Klebsiella Pneumonia: Cystic Fibrosis - Correct Answer-Pseudomonas Pneumonia: Young Adults and College Setting - Correct Answer-Mycoplasma or Chlamydia

Pneumonia: Post Splenectomy - Correct Answer-Encapsulated bacteria: Strep vs. Haemophilus Pneumonia: Rust colored - Correct Answer-Strep pneumoniae Pneumonia: Currant Jelly - Correct Answer-Klebsiella Pneumonia: Cold agglutinins - Correct Answer-Mycoplasma Pneumonia: Hypoxic presentation - Correct Answer-Penuomo Jirovecci ENT/ID - A patient presenting with small grayish vesicles and punched out ulcers in posterior pharynx suggest what organism? - Correct Answer-Coxsackie virus - also known as hand foot mouth disease Peds: Which of the following reflexes disappears at 2 months of age: Moro Grasp

Tonic neck Parachute - Correct Answer-Moro - goes away at 3-6 months, when startled or falling, extends hands and feet Grasp - goes away 2-3 months Tonic neck - head turned to one side causes arm to extend on that side to extend out open palm Parachute - remains throughout life, arms extend with falling sensation Pharm - Antibiotic that can cause discoloration of teeth? - Correct Answer-Tetracycline EENT - What is an eye complication resulting from long term use of chronic steroids? - Correct Answer-Glaucoma GU - What is the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis? - Correct Answer-Fluoroquinolones, most commonly Levaquin Cardio - What is the treatment of WPW syndrome? - Correct Answer-Radiofrequency ablation

Ortho - What is an analgesic & treatment combo for compression fracture in elderly? - Correct Answer-Calcitonin nasal spray (has analgesic properties ID - What is the prophylactic therapy recommendations for pts with sickle cell? - Correct Answer-Folic acid (1 yr of age) and Penicilin V (2 mo of age) Pharm - Prior to starting entanercept, a anti-cytokine treatment for RA, what must be screened for in the patient? - Correct Answer-Tuberculosis methotrexate does not have this requirement Pharm - MC side effect associated w/ long term use of phenytoin? - Correct Answer-Osteomalacia Derm - The progression of Erythema Multiforme to SJS to Toxic Epidermal Necrosis is most commonly caused by what drug classes? - Correct Answer-NSAIDS, Antibiotics (Ampicillin), Anticonvulsants (carbamazepine)

Endo - Is the Somgoyi or Dawn Phenomenon associated with nightmares and night sweats - Correct Answer-Somgoyi - refers to nocturnal hyoglycemia which triggers counter regulatory release of glucagon causing hyperglycemia and nightmares, nightsweats Dawn phenomenon - insulin resistance between 5 am - 8 am and intense cortisol release causes early morning hyperglycemia ID - Ethambutol is used in the tx of active TB, what is a severe side effect of this drug? - Correct Answer-Optic Neuritis Ortho - what is the xray spinal view needed to observe spohylolysis - Correct Answer-Oblique to observe the pars articularis Ortho - mid humeral shaft fracture, what nerve is impinged most likely? - Correct Answer-Radial nerve (according to PACKRAT test) Pulm - Which of the following PE findings is consistent with pleural effusion?

Increased tactile fremitus Unilateral lag on chest expansion Hyperresonant to percussion Egophony - Correct Answer-Unilateral lag on chest expansion Rheum - What is the tx for PMR? - Correct Answer- Corticosteroids (PMR associated w/ temporal arteritis) ENT - What organism contributes to dental carries? - Correct Answer-Step. Mutans Ortho - Raloxifene is a drug used in osteoporosis but can have what effect in perimenopausal women? - Correct Answer- increased intensity of hot flashes, however greatly decreases the vertebral fractures in osteoporosis Has anti estrogen effect on non skeletal portions of body GI - What is the PE finding of Courvoisier's sign? - Correct Answer-Non-tender palpable gall bladder

Associated with pancreatic cancer Neuro - If patient has numbness associated with plantar surface and calf muscle, what spinal nerve is associated? - Correct Answer-S Derm - What is the treatment of choice for akitinic keratosis? - Correct Answer-Cryotherapy Renal - Which of the following diagnostic findings are specific for diagnosis of chronic renal failure? Hematuria Broad waxy casts Hyaline casts Proteinuria - Correct Answer-Broad waxy casts - specific for chronic renal failure