PADI Open Water Diver Certification Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

Download PADI Open Water Diver Certification Exam Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!

Exam Questions and Answers

SCUBA - Correct Answers ✅Self contained underwater breathing apparatus What is the pressure change for each 10m/33ft of depth change? - Correct Answers ✅1 bar/1 ata/1 atmosphere What is the relationship between my depth in water and the pressure? - Correct Answers ✅The deeper you go in water, the more the pressure increases Pressure is expressed as the weight of air What is the relationship between pressure, and the volume and the density of air? - Correct Answers ✅As pressure increases, the gas volume decreases and the gas density increases If I take a volume of air from one depth to another depth, how much will the volume and density change? - Correct Answers ✅Volume will be 1/ata# Density will be ata# What 3 major body air spaces does increasing pressure affect as I descend? - Correct Answers ✅Ears, sinuses, mask

Exam Questions and Answers

What is a "squeeze"? - Correct Answers ✅The discomfort caused by pressure imbalance pulling tissue into the air space What is "equalization"? - Correct Answers ✅The addition of air to your air spaces as you descend How do I equalize as I descend? - Correct Answers ✅For ears and sinuses, pinch your nose and blow gently, or wiggle your jaw and swallow For mask, blow into it with nose How often should I equalize? - Correct Answers ✅Every meter/few feet, BEFORE you feel discomfort What should I do if I can't equalize? - Correct Answers ✅Stop your descent, signal problem and point to your ear, ascend a bit, and try again What can happen if I don't or can't equalize gently and keep descending? - Correct Answers ✅Fluid can rupture the eardrum Bruising around the face can occur Why does a congestion from a cold or allergy temporarily keep me from diving? - Correct Answers ✅Congestion might

Exam Questions and Answers

block normal air flow, making equalization difficult or impossible Why should I never dive with earplugs? - Correct Answers ✅They create air spaces that you can't equalize What other body air spaces are affected by increasing pressure? How do I equalize them? - Correct Answers ✅In filled teeth - go to a dentist In a dry suit - learn from an instructor Lungs - breathe normally and continuously What is the most important rule in scuba diving? - Correct Answers ✅Breathe continuously and never hold your breath What can happen if I don't follow the most important rule in scuba diving? - Correct Answers ✅Your lungs will over expand and rupture What is a "reverse block"? - Correct Answers ✅When expanding air becomes trapped in your body air spaces as you ascend What should I do if I feel discomfort in my ears, sinuses, stomach, intestines, or teeth while ascending? - Correct Answers ✅Stop your ascent and descend a meter/few feet to

Exam Questions and Answers

reduce discomfort and give trapped air time to work its way out How does depth affect how long my air supply lasts? - Correct Answers ✅The deeper you are, the more dense air you breathe, and the faster you use the air in your cylinder. Compared to the surface, air supply lasts 1/#ata as long along with other factors What's the most efficient way to breathe dense air underwater? - Correct Answers ✅Take slow, deep breaths How do I breathe to reduce anxiety when under stress? - Correct Answers ✅Do NOT breathe faster - keep breathing slowly What are my 4 breathing rules as a scuba diver? - Correct Answers ✅1. Breathe continuously and never hold your breath

2. Breathe slowly and deeply
3. Don't allow yourself to get winded or out of breath
4. If faced with a problem, stop, and reduce anxiety by breathing slowly and deeply What is buoyancy? - Correct Answers ✅An upward force acting on an object in the water, canceling the pull of gravity

Exam Questions and Answers

What causes buoyancy? - Correct Answers ✅The upwards force is caused by the water displaced by the object, and is equal to the weight of displaced water positive buoyancy - Correct Answers ✅The object weighs less than the water it displaces, so it floats neutral buoyancy - Correct Answers ✅The object weighs the same as the water it displaces, neither sinking nor floating negative buoyancy - Correct Answers ✅The object weighs more than the water it displaces, so it sinks Why does salt water cause more buoyancy than fresh water?

• Correct Answers ✅It has dissolved minerals in it, so a given volume weighs more than fresh water What 2 pieces of equipment do I normally use to control buoyancy? - Correct Answers ✅The weight system and the BCD (buoyancy control device) How does descending affect my buoyancy? - Correct Answers ✅The volume decreases, reducing buoyancy, so you ADD air to the BC

Exam Questions and Answers

How does ascending affect my buoyancy? - Correct Answers ✅The volume increases, adding buoyancy, so you RELEASE air from the BC How does breathing affect my buoyancy? - Correct Answers ✅Inhaling adds, exhaling reduces What is the buddy system? - Correct Answers ✅Diving with another diver What are the 3 most important considerations in choosing scuba equipment? - Correct Answers ✅Suitability, fit, and comfort How do I generally care for scuba equipment? - Correct Answers ✅Rinse everything in fresh water and dry it in the shade and store in a cool, dry place Why do I need a mask? - Correct Answers ✅It provides an air space so your eyes can focus because light behaves differently underwater Why does my mask need to enclose my nose? - Correct Answers ✅Because the mask creates an air space, you need your nose to blow in it to equalize it

Exam Questions and Answers

Why do I need a snorkel? - Correct Answers ✅It saves your air supply while your face is in the water What are 2 basic fin styles? - Correct Answers ✅Full-foot and adjustable strap What consists of your scuba kit? - Correct Answers ✅Buoyancy control device, regulator, air cylinder, weight system What 5 components make up a BCD? - Correct Answers ✅Inflatable bladder, harness/jacket and cylinder band, low pressure inflator (LPI) mechanism, overpressure/quick dump exhaust valve, weight system inflatable bladder - Correct Answers ✅Controls buoyancy harness/jacket and cylinder band - Correct Answers ✅Holds cylinder on back low pressure inflator (LPI) mechanism - Correct Answers ✅Inflates bladder with air from your cylinder with the touch of a button overpressure/quick dump exhaust valve - Correct Answers ✅Vents air if the bladder is overfilled

Exam Questions and Answers

weight system - Correct Answers ✅Contain weight pockets that you release and drop in case of emergency What 2 special maintenance considerations do BCDs have? - Correct Answers ✅Rinse the inside of the bladder with fresh water, and store them partially inflated to keep the bladder from sticking together What 5 components make up a regulator? - Correct Answers ✅First stage, second stage, alternate air source, low pressure inflator (LPI) hose, submersible pressure gauge (SPG) first stage - Correct Answers ✅Supplies air to all the other components, connecting to the cylinder valve by screw or clamp, reduces cylinder pressure to intermediate pressure (above surrounding pressure) alternate air source - Correct Answers ✅An extra second stage you use for sharing air with a buddy Attaches in triangle area between chin and hips second stage - Correct Answers ✅Reduces pressure to surrounding pressure, delivers air upon inhalation, vents exhalation

Exam Questions and Answers

Goes over right shoulder low pressure inflator (LPI) hose - Correct Answers ✅Supplies air to your BCD inflator submersible pressure gauge (SPG) - Correct Answers ✅Hose that tells you air pressure remaining in your cylinder Goes under left arm What is the most important consideration in choosing a regulator? - Correct Answers ✅The ease of breathing yoke system - Correct Answers ✅Holds first stage to cylinder with a clamp DIN system - Correct Answers ✅Regulator screws into valve What 3 special maintenance considerations do regulators have? - Correct Answers ✅Rinse first stage individually, run water through second stage, have professional overhaul it about every year What 2 components make up a scuba cylinder? - Correct Answers ✅The aluminum/steel container and the valve to control air flow

Exam Questions and Answers

What is a burst disk? - Correct Answers ✅A safety device that relieves overpressure by rupturing and releasing air What is the most important feature in my weight system? - Correct Answers ✅A quick release that will enable you to float with an uninflated BC Why use more than 1 weight system? - Correct Answers ✅It will help distribute weight trim - Correct Answers ✅The orientation and balance of a swimmer in the water - the ideal is horizontal danger/hazard - Correct Answers ✅ okay - Correct Answers ✅ go up/end dive - Correct Answers ✅ something's wrong - Correct Answers ✅ down/descend - Correct Answers ✅

Exam Questions and Answers

low on air - Correct Answers ✅ okay - Correct Answers ✅ distress/in trouble - Correct Answers ✅ How does being underwater affect the apparent size or distance of things? - Correct Answers ✅Refraction occurs, where light changes direction, and things are magnified by 1/ How does water affect light intensity and color? - Correct Answers ✅It reflects, scatters, and absorbs light in the roygbiv order As you go deeper, it gets darker How does hearing differ underwater? - Correct Answers ✅It travels faster and longer How does water's density affect moving in water? - Correct Answers ✅It takes more energy the faster you try to swim What is "airway control"? - Correct Answers ✅The skill of breathing past remaining water without drawing any into your throat after clearing your regulator/snorkel

Exam Questions and Answers

What are 2 techniques for airway control? - Correct Answers ✅Inhaling slowly, looking down, and touching your tongue to the roof of your mouth as you inhale What are 8 symptoms of overexertion while diving? - Correct Answers ✅Fatigue, labored breathing, a feeling of suffocation, weakness, anxiety, headaches, muscle cramping, and a tendency to panic What should I do if I think I'm becoming overexerted at the surface and underwater? - Correct Answers ✅Stop all activity, signal your buddy, and rest What points should a dive plan normally include? - Correct Answers ✅Agree on best entry/exit techniques, decide what course you'll follow, agree on maximum time and depth, review underwater signs, determine when you will head back, agree on how you'll stay together during the dive, establish what you'll do if you become separated, discuss emergency procedures How do we conduct the predive safety check? - Correct Answers ✅Using Begin With Review And Friend (BWRAF) BWRAF - Correct Answers ✅BCD, weight, releases, air, final check

Exam Questions and Answers

What do I do if I get separated from my buddy on a dive? - Correct Answers ✅Look for each other for no more than 1 minute, and then ascend to the surface if you can't find them How do my buddy and I manage our air supply together while diving? - Correct Answers ✅Plan your dive around who breathes air the fastest. Subtract your reserve/ascent supply from your starting pressure to find out how much pressure you have for the main part of the dive To be safe, plan to use half your air coming down, and half coming back What are the 5 steps for a proper descent with scuba? - Correct Answers ✅1. Confirm that your buddy is ready

2. Orient yourself to something
3. Switch from your snorkel to your regulator
4. Check your dive computer/timer
5. Signal "descend" and slowly deflate your BCD What are the 5 steps for a proper ascent with scuba? - Correct Answers ✅1. Signal "up" and confirm that your buddy is ready
6. Check your dive computer/timer to be sure you're within dive limits

Exam Questions and Answers

3. Look up and hold your BCD deflator hose
4. Ascend no slower than your dive computer's maximum rate
5. Look up, turn as you ascend, and stay with your buddy What is the maximum ascent rate? - Correct Answers ✅ 18 m/60 ft//min What is a safety stop? - Correct Answers ✅A pause in your ascent between 6 m/20 ft and 3 m/10 ft to give your tissues extra time to release dissolved gases for at least 3 minutes When would I not make a safety stop? - Correct Answers ✅When you're assisting a diver who has an air supply problem or if you're low on air dive computer - Correct Answers ✅Tells you your time and depth underwater and guides you in keeping dissolved nitrogen in your body within accepted limits How do I measure/define visibility as a diver? - Correct Answers ✅The distance you can see horizontally underwater What 4 principles affect visibility? - Correct Answers ✅Water movement, weather, plankton, bottom composition

Exam Questions and Answers

When diving in a mild current, in what direction would I normally go? - Correct Answers ✅Swim slowly into the current so that when you turn the dive, the current will push you back to your exit point What do I do if I'm caught in a current and am carried downstream from where I planned to dive or exit the water? - Correct Answers ✅Swim perpendicular to the current What two things in the water affect a diver? - Correct Answers ✅The waves and current What is assessing conditions based on? - Correct Answers ✅The weather, season, water motion, water appearance, reports online and from other divers, and dives made at similar sites What should I do if I see a potentially aggressive animal underwater? - Correct Answers ✅Remain still and calm. Swim away if you become uncomfortable In what depth water do waves break? - Correct Answers ✅In the surf zone, in water only slightly deeper than their height

Exam Questions and Answers

surge - Correct Answers ✅A back-and-forth motion caused by waves passing overhead undertow - Correct Answers ✅The water of waves flowing back to sea under incoming waves rip current - Correct Answers ✅When waves push water over a long obstruction and the water underneath funnels back to sea through an available opening What should I do if I get caught in a rip current? - Correct Answers ✅Establish buoyancy and swim at a sustainable pace parallel to the shore upwelling - Correct Answers ✅Usually caused by wind blowing from shore, pushing surface water away, resulting in cooler, deeper water rising towards the surface to replace it What 3 environmental conditions does tide generally affect? - Correct Answers ✅The current, depth, and visibility bow - Correct Answers ✅The front of the boat stern - Correct Answers ✅The back of the boat

Exam Questions and Answers

port - Correct Answers ✅The left side of the boat as you face forward starboard - Correct Answers ✅The right side of the boat as you face forward leeward - Correct Answers ✅The side away from the wind windward - Correct Answers ✅The side toward the wind The bridge/wheelhouse - Correct Answers ✅The portion of the boat where the controls are head - Correct Answers ✅The boat's toilet facilities galley - Correct Answers ✅The boat's kitchen area swim step - Correct Answers ✅A platform on the stern that is close to water level What are characteristics of a responsive diver? - Correct Answers ✅They are breathing, alert, and active

Exam Questions and Answers

What are the 4 basic steps for assisting a responsive diver at the surface? - Correct Answers ✅1. Help reestablish breathing control

2. Have the diver take slow, deep, breaths
3. Give the diver a chance to rest and recover
4. Assist the diver to the boat or shore What are the 4 basic steps for assisting an unresponsive diver at the surface? - Correct Answers ✅1. Establish buoyancy for the victim and yourself
5. Call for help
6. Check for breathing and begin rescue breaths as you tow the diver
7. Continue rescue breathing and get the victim out of water How should I breathe from a freeflowing regulator? - Correct Answers ✅DON'T seal your mouth on the mouthpiece. Hold the second stage and press the mouthpiece outside your lips, or insert one end of the mouthpiece into your mouth and "sip" breaths. Begin ascent immediately In order of priority, what are my four options if I run out of air underwater? - Correct Answers ✅1. Take lighter breaths and don't attempt a safety stop as you ascend
8. Use an alternate air source from your buddy
9. Make a controlled emergency swimming ascent (CESA)

Exam Questions and Answers

4. Make a buoyant emergency ascent How do I make a controlled emergency swimming ascent (CESA)? - Correct Answers ✅When you have no air and are approximately 6-9 m/20-30 ft from the surface, look up and swim to the surface making a continuous ahhhhh sound into your regulator How do I make a buoyant emergency ascent? - Correct Answers ✅When you have no air and are very deep, ditch your weights, look up and swim to the surface making a continuous ahhhhh sound into your regulator How should I assist an unresponsive diver underwater and what is the priority? - Correct Answers ✅You want to get the diver to the surface. Hold the diver's regulator in their mouth and try to ascend at a safe rate At a minimum, how many surface signaling devices should I have with me on a dive? - Correct Answers ✅At least 2 - one audible and one visual How close am I supposed to stay to a dive flag? - Correct Answers ✅Within 15 m/50 ft How far away are boaters supposed to stay from a dive flag? - Correct Answers ✅At least 30-60 m/100-200 ft

Exam Questions and Answers

For what 4 purposes might I carry a slate or wet book? - Correct Answers ✅Communication, to note dive plan limits, to record information during the dive, and for the unexpected What information do I typically record, at a minimum, regardless of what I choose? - Correct Answers ✅Date, dive site name/location, dive buddy, dive depth and duration, objective and description What can I do with dive planning software? - Correct Answers ✅Estimate how long your air supply will last and estimate the time your dive computer will allow on a dive What is the composition of air to divers? - Correct Answers ✅79% nitrogen and 21% oxygen To what 4 diving related issues does the makeup of air relate?

• Correct Answers ✅Oxygen toxicity, contaminated air, decompression sickness, and gas narcosis How do I prevent oxygen toxicity? - Correct Answers ✅The higher the oxygen content, the shallower the depth limit for using it while diving. Don't exceed 40 m/130 ft when diving recreationally

Exam Questions and Answers

What are 5 possible signs/symptoms of contaminated air? - Correct Answers ✅Headache, nausea, cherry-red lips and fingernail beds, dizziness, and unconsciousness/unresponsiveness What are the 2 primary factors that influence how much nitrogen dissolves into my body tissues during a dive? - Correct Answers ✅Depth and time What is decompression sickness (DCS), or "the bends"? - Correct Answers ✅When excess nitrogen in your body tissues is too high when you surface, so nitrogen comes out of solution faster than your body can eliminate it. Nitrogen bubbles will form within your blood and body tissues. What are 9 signs/symptoms of decompression sickness? - Correct Answers ✅Paralysis, dizziness, tingling, joint and limb pain, shock, numbness, difficulty breathing, weakness and prolonged fatigue, unconsciousness and death When do symptoms of DCS occur? - Correct Answers ✅Usually 15 minutes to 12 hours after a dive How does a dive computer or dive table estimate the amount of nitrogen I absorb during a dive? - Correct Answers ✅By using your dive time and depth information to calculate the theoretical amount of nitrogen in your body

Exam Questions and Answers

What is no stop diving? - Correct Answers ✅When you can swim directly to the surface without unacceptable risk of decompression sickness What is a no stop limit? - Correct Answers ✅The maximum time you can spend at a given depth and still ascend to the surface What do I have to do if I exceed a no stop limit? - Correct Answers ✅I must make an emergency decompression stop What is an emergency decompression stop? - Correct Answers ✅Stops at specific depths for prescribed times to allow your body to release dissolved nitrogen before you ascend further What is the relationship between depth and my no stop limits? - Correct Answers ✅The deeper you dive, the shorter your no stop limits What is the difference between a decompression stop and a safety stop? - Correct Answers ✅Safety stops keep you well within limits, whereas emergency decompression stops return you from outside limits

Exam Questions and Answers

Why is residual nitrogen important? - Correct Answers ✅It shortens your no stop limits if you make another dive What is a repetitive dive? - Correct Answers ✅A dive made while you still have residual nitrogen How do dive tables work? - Correct Answers ✅Table 1 assigns a Pressure Group letter that represents the theoretical amount of residual nitrogen based on your dive time and depth. Table 2 gives you credit for nitrogen leaving your body during a surface interval. Table 3 provides reduced no stop times for a repetitive dive What is a surface interval? - Correct Answers ✅The time you spend at the surface between dives. During this, the residual nitrogen declines as it dissolves How do I be a SAFE diver? - Correct Answers ✅You slowly ascend from every dive What is finding a minimum surface interval? - Correct Answers ✅Determining how long to wait after the first dive to have the no stop time you want at the planned depth of the repetitive dive What relationship is shown through dive computers? - Correct Answers ✅Depth and no stop time

Exam Questions and Answers

What are 3 ways I can find a minimum surface interval with a dive computer without using dive tables? - Correct Answers ✅Wait and check your no stop time until it matches your planned repetitive dive depth, use the dive computer's plan mode, or use a tablet or smart phone app Why is going to a higher altitude after diving a potential issue? - Correct Answers ✅It lowers the pressure around you at the surface, so dissolved nitrogen in body tissues comes out of solution faster than at sea level, therefore increasing your risk of DCS How do you fly or ascend to altitude after diving? - Correct Answers ✅You start and end your dive at sea level, and then go to lower surface pressure at altitude How do you altitude dive? - Correct Answers ✅You start and end your dive at lower surface pressure at altitude What are the current recommendations for flying after a single dive? - Correct Answers ✅A minimum surface interval of 12 hours What are the current recommendations for flying after repetitive dives or multiday dives? - Correct Answers ✅A minimum surface interval of 18 hours

Exam Questions and Answers

What are the current recommendations for flying after dives requiring emergency decompression stops? - Correct Answers ✅A minimum surface interval greater than 18 hours Why are being cold and/or exerting myself strenuously issues with respect to decompression sickness risk? - Correct Answers ✅You may end up with more dissolved nitrogen than calculated by your dive computer What should I do if I am cold or exert myself strenuously on a dive? - Correct Answers ✅Plan dives as though they are 4 m/10 ft deeper than their actual depth What is the first aid for a diver with suspected DCI? - Correct Answers ✅1. Stop all diving

2. Check for breathing and provide CPR as needed
3. Contact emergency medical care
4. Keep the diver lying down and provide emergency oxygen
5. Monitor the diver and take steps to prevent shock
6. Lay the diver level, left side down, head supported, breathing oxygen What treatment is usually required for DCI? - Correct Answers ✅Being put in a recompression chamber, where the