Padi open water diver final exam questions and answers 2024, Exams of Water Resources Planning and Management

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PADI Open Water Diver Final Exam Questions and Answers

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As a newly certified PADI Open Water Diver, I will be trained to dive with a buddy as deep as ________. ✔Ans✔ 18 metres/60 feet Certain medical conditions can be hazardous while diving, so it is important to answer all questions on the Medical Statement honestly and completely. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True PADI courses are performance-based. This means that to be certified, I must ________ ✔Ans✔ meet specific performance requirements. Failure to complete assigned independent study can create significant delays, and my instructor may have to cancel and reschedule sessions until I complete the assignment. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True While diving in a new dive environment, two benefits of seeking an orientation, supervision and/or additional training are that it helps me avoid problems and that it helps me enjoy the dive more. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True As you descend in water the pressure ________ ✔Ans✔ increases A depth of 10 metres/33 feet causes a pressure change of ________. ✔Ans✔ 1 bar/ata

If you take 6 liters of air from the surface to 20 metres/66 feet, the volume will be ________. ✔Ans✔ 2 litres The density of the air in 6 litres from the surface to 20 metres/66 feet is ________ ✔Ans✔ three times greater A balloon fully inflated and sealed at 10 metres/33 feet, would probably ________ during ascent to the surface. ✔Ans✔ burst As I descend, increasing pressure affects my (choose all that apply): ✔Ans✔ mask, ears and sinuses A squeeze is caused by ________ ✔Ans✔ a pressure imbalance between the surround pressure and an air space Equalization is the process of ________ ✔Ans✔ adding air to an air space I should equalize ________ ✔Ans✔ before I feel pain or discomfort I'm descending and discover I can't equalize. The first thing I would do is ________ ✔Ans✔ stop my descent and signal my buddy/the instructor I equalize gently because an extended, forceful equalization can cause permanent damage to my ears and hearing. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True On a day I plan to go diving, I wake up with my sinuses blocked due to a cold or allergy. I should ________ ✔Ans✔ cancel the dive until I'm well

When scuba diving, normal breathing keeps your lungs equalized to the surrounding pressure. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True The most important rule in scuba diving is to ________ ✔Ans✔ breathe continuously and never hold your breath Failure to follow the most important rule in scuba diving can cause severe lung overexpansion injuries, which can result in paralysis or death. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True During ascent I feel discomfort in my ears. I should ________ ✔Ans✔ stop, descend slightly and allow trapped air to work its way out My buddy and I descend to 12 metres/40 feet. I would expect to use my air ________ at 6 metres/20 feet. ✔Ans✔ faster than The most efficient way to breathe dense air underwater is to breathe ________ ✔Ans✔ deeply and slowly My body responds to anxiety with increased breathing, but slow breathing helps reduce anxiety. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True What are the breathing rules I must follow as a diver? ✔Ans✔ - Breathe continuously and never, ever, hold my breath

• Breathe slowly and deeply
• Do not allow myself to get winded or out-of-breath
• If faced with a problem, stop, then maintain or restore slow, deep breathing Buoyancy is a force that pushes an object in water upward. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True My sunglasses case falls out of my pocket into the water, but fortunately, it floats so I retrieve it. I would say my sunglasses case is ________ buoyant. ✔Ans✔ positively Salt water causes more buoyancy than fresh water because it is less dense and weighs less. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False Salt water causes more buoyancy because it is more dense and weighs more; buoyancy results from the weight of the water displaced To control my buoyancy, normally I will use my weight system and my ________ ✔Ans✔ BCD When I descend, my buoyancy tends to ________. When I ascend, it tends to ________. ✔Ans✔ decrease, increase Underwater, when I inhale, my buoyancy ________ ✔Ans✔ increases slightly It is important to master buoyancy control because it affects almost everything I do in and underwater. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True

In recreational diving, the buddy system means diving with another diver or divers in a team that provides assistance and safety benefits. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Overall benefits of the buddy system include ________ ✔Ans✔ practicality, safety and fun The three most important considerations in choosing scuba equipment are suitability, fit and ________ ✔Ans✔ comfort Getting the service my gear needs may be a consideration when choosing equipment. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Before each use, I should ________ my equipment. ✔Ans✔ inspect I need a mask because ________ ✔Ans✔ my eyes must be in air to focus My mask encloses my nose so I can ________ ✔Ans✔ equalize the mask From among masks that fit me, I should choose a mask that fits as far away from my face as possible. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False Choose a low profile that sits as close to your face as possible

I want to adjust my mask so the strap rests ________ ✔Ans✔ above my ears, over the crown of my head Snorkels are standard equipment for scuba diving because they allow me to breathe with my face in the water, or in rough conditions, without wasting my scuba air, especially when I have little scuba air remaining. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Some scuba divers prefer a snorkel with a flexible lower portion so it drops out of the way when not in use. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True When my snorkel is in my mouth, the tip should be ________ ✔Ans✔ over the crown of my head Fins provide a large surface area so my legs can push against the water effectively. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True The two basic fin styles are ________ fins. ✔Ans✔ adjustable and full-foot My primary considerations when choosing fins are fit and ________ ✔Ans✔ blade size To prepare adjustable fins, I should adjust the straps wearing my wet suit boots. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True

BCD (Buoyancy Control Device) ✔Ans✔ Holds your kit together and allows you to adjust buoyancy throughout the dive. Regulator ✔Ans✔ Delivers breathing air at the surrounding pressure when you inhale and directs exhaled air into the water Cylinder ✔Ans✔ Hold the high-pressure breathing air supplied by your regulator during the dive. Weight System ✔Ans✔ Holds lead weight to counteract the positive buoyancy of your body and some of your equipment, with a mechanism for dropping some or all the weight in an emergency. Identify the four systems that make up a scuba kit. ✔Ans✔ Cylinder, BCD, Regulator, Weight System There's no real benefit to choosing the components of my scuba kit as an integrated package. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False Although the components are generally interchangeable, choosing your scuba kit as a package helps you best meet your preferences Inflatable Bladder ✔Ans✔ very durable bag that you inflate or deflate to change your buoyancy Cylinder band and harness/jacket ✔Ans✔ The bladder integrates with an adjustable harness that holds the cylinder on your back. The bladder may be entirely behind you, or wrap partially around your waist and/or over your shoulders. With some systems, you can interchange harnesses and bladders to accommodate sizing and preferences.

LPI (low-pressure inflator) mechanism ✔Ans✔ Usually at the end of a large-diameter hose, the LPI inflates the bladder with air from your cylinder, via the regulator, when you press a button. Another button allows you to deflate the bladder, or inflate it orally. Overpressure/quick exhaust valves ✔Ans✔ to prevent rupturing the bladder due to overfilling, BCDs have one or more overpressure valves that automatically vent if the BCD is too full. Some may have "quick dump" valves that let you manually release air, which is sometimes easier (due to your position in the water) that using the LPI exhaust. Shoulder quick release ✔Ans✔ a quick-release buckle on one or both shoulders makes it easier to get out of your kit Buoyancy Capacity ✔Ans✔ Most BCDs cover a wide range of diving circumstances. Your BCD should have ample buoyancy to easily float you and all your equipment at the surface. You sometimes hear the amount of buoyancy called "lift" capacity. The LPI mechanism inflates the BCD with air from my scuba cylinder. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True My BCD should have adequate capacity to easily float my equipment and me at the surface. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True My BCD should fit ________ ✔Ans✔ snugly but not restrict breathing when fully inflated My buddy is rinsing a BCD and partially fills the bladder with water. Is this consistent with recommended BCD care? ✔Ans✔ yes

Submersible Pressure Gauge (SPG) ✔Ans✔ tells you the air pressure remaining in your cylinder so you can manage your air supply Alternate Air Source ✔Ans✔ an extra second stage you use for sharing air with a buddy should the need arise Pony Bottles ✔Ans✔ small cylinders with their own regulators, so they're completely separate from your main scuba kit Second Stage ✔Ans✔ reduces the first stage intermediate pressure to the pressure around you and delivers air only when you inhale - on demand First Stage ✔Ans✔ hub of your regulator that is a simple and reliable device that supplies air to all the other components Yoke ✔Ans✔ holds the first stage to the cylinder with a clamp system The most important consideration when choosing a regulator is ________ ✔Ans✔ ease of breathing When choosing an alternate air source, a primary consideration involves deciding ________ ✔Ans✔ between independence and simplicity My SPG is always part of my dive computer. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False Your SPG may be an independent instrument or it may be integrated into your dive computer My local dive pro will usually set up my regulator components.

a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True When setting up and wearing a kit, the alternate air source ________ ✔Ans✔ secures in the triangle formed by my hips and chin Regulators need periodic overhauls, typically every year to two years. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True The ________ is a safety device that relives accidental overpressure by releasing air before reaching the pressure at which the cylinder would fail. ✔Ans✔ burst disk A cylinder with a higher working pressure always holds more air than a cylinder with a lower working pressure. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False A cylinder's capacity depends upon both its working pressure and its internal capacity I bring a cylinder aboard a diver boat in preparation for a trip out to a nearby reef. The normal procedure would be to ________ ✔Ans✔ secure the cylinder in a rack Scuba cylinders require pressure testing ________ and visual inspections ________ ✔Ans✔ every 2-5 years, annually I should have my scuba cylinder filled ________ ✔Ans✔ only by reputable scuba air stations The most important feature in my weight system is its ________ ✔Ans✔ quick release

I must be able to quickly release enough weight to float reliably in an emergency, but not necessarily all my weight. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Trim means having the right ________ of weight. ✔Ans✔ distribution One reason for wearing more than one weight system is that it is sometimes easier than handling a single, heavier one. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Accessory weights ________ ✔Ans✔ can help you adjust your trim Underwater objects appear ________ ✔Ans✔ larger and/or closer My buddy has a bright red shoulder patch on his wet suit. If we're diving together in very clear water on a sunny day, at 12 metres/40 feet I would expect the patch to appear ________ ✔Ans✔ less red than at the surface Because water is denser than air, it takes more effort to move through water. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True To move efficiently as a dive, I should move ________ ✔Ans✔ slowly and steadily Streamlining benefits me as a diver because it reduces drag, which helps me save energy.

a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Trim is important for streamlining because ________ ✔Ans✔ poor trim raises or lowers my feet, causing drag Water's density works best for me when I use the skill of ________ ✔Ans✔ controlling my buoyancy I chill faster in water than in air of the same temperature because water absorbs more heat than air does. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True To stay comfortably warm during a dive, I ________ ✔Ans✔ wear an appropriate exposure suit After 30 minutes underwater, I start to feel a bit too cool and uncomfortable. I should ________ ✔Ans✔ end the dive While diving, I start to feel cool and shorty being to shiver uncontrollably. I should ________ ✔Ans✔ end the dive immediately, dry off and seek warmth While scuba diving, I should breathe ________ ✔Ans✔ slowly and deeply One method of airway control is to inhale slowly. I can also ________ to help breathe past small amounts of water in my regulator. ✔Ans✔ raise my tongue If I'm tired, have labored breathing and feel air-starved and anxious during a dive, it is likely I am experiencing overexertion.

a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Overexertion results from ________ ✔Ans✔ a prolonged increased effort If I think I'm overexerting while underwater, I should stop, signal my buddy and ________ ✔Ans✔ rest My buddies and I are planning a dive. Among other things, we should address how to enter and exit the water, the maximum depth and time, when to turn the dive and what to do if we get separated. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True As my buddy and I kit up, the normal practice is to be entirely independent. Helping each other is discouraged. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False Buddies normally help each other. How much you assist each other depends on the situation. When I conduct a predate safety check, the "A" in the recall phase includes ________ ✔Ans✔ confirming adequate air pressure for the dive If my buddy and I get separated, the general procedure is to ________ ✔Ans✔ look for each other for no more than a minute, then reunite on the surface The buddy system is ________ responsibility. ✔Ans✔ my

Overexertion symptoms include ________ ✔Ans✔ fatigue, labored breathing, a feeling of suffocation or air starvation, weakness, anxiety, headache, muscle cramping, a tendency to panic BWRAF ✔Ans✔ Begin (BCD) - Check adjustment, how to operate it, low-pressure inflator connection, and that your cylinder is firmly in the band With (Weight) - Check that you have the right amount of weight, that it's properly distributed for trim, and that the quick release is clear so that you can, in a single motion, release enough weight to be sure you float Review (Releases) - Confirm everyone's releases are secure, and that all buddies know how to work each other's releases in case they need to do so in an emergency And (Air) - Test breathe your regulator two or three breaths. Check your air pressure to be sure it shows a full cylinder Friend (Final Check) - Look each other over for anything that seems to be missing, out of place, not adjusted correctly, etc. My buddy and I are planning a boat dive with the same type cylinders filled to 200 bar/3000 psi. Due to conditions, we are planning very conservatively. We agree on 60 bar/800 psi for our reserve. We agree that we also want an additional 30 bar/500 psi for our ascent and safety stop. This means we should begin our ascent when either of our SPGs reads ________ ✔Ans✔ 90 bar/1300 psi Three common reasons why you may swim on the surface while scuba diving are ________ ✔Ans✔ - To save air when you must enter the water some distance from where you want to descend and/or ascend.

• To save air while looking for where you want to descend.
• Because you may surface away from your exit point, and must swim to it on the surface. At the surface, it's a good habit to keep my mask on and my snorkel or regulator in my mouth because it helps me deal with difficulties more effectively. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True

My buddies and I plan to enter the water, but swim on the surface to a descent point 50 meter/yards away. A primary reason we will do this is because ________ ✔Ans✔ it saves our cylinder air for the dive For the 50 meter/yard swim, my buddies and I will swim ________ because it is less tiring. ✔Ans✔ on our backs To stay with my buddy while surface swimming, generally it works well to swim ________ ✔Ans✔ side by side Five steps you follow when you descend are ________ ✔Ans✔ 1. Confirm that your buddies are ready

2. Orient yourselves to something at the surface or underwater, such as the boat or a landmark
3. Switch from your snorkel to your regulator
4. Check, and if necessary activate, your dive computer or timer
5. Signal "descend" and, with your buddies, slowly deflate your BCD I'm descending in open water with my buddies. After confirming they are ready, the next step is to signal "descend" and slowly deflate my BCD. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False You orient yourself, switch to your regulator and check your dive computer or timing device before deflating your BCD When descending with a reference, I would normally ________ ✔Ans✔ use it as a visual reference only My buddy and I have just started our descent. I begin equalizing ________ ✔Ans✔ immediately, as soon as my head goes underwater

As I descend while wearing a wet suit, my buoyancy will tend to ________ ✔Ans✔ decrease During my descent, to control my buoyancy I add air to my BCD ________ ✔Ans✔ in small amounts, frequently Five steps you follow when you ascend are ________ ✔Ans✔ 1. Signal "up" and confirm that your buddies are ready

2. Check your dive computer to be sure you're within its limits
3. Look up and hold up your BCD deflator hose.
4. Ascend slowly, no faster than 18 meters/60 feet per minute but 10 meters/30 feet per minute is better
5. Look up and turn as you ascend, and stay with your buddies. Watch for obstacles overhead. Reach up as you near and break through the surface A safety stop is ________ ✔Ans✔ a simple pause in your ascent between 6 meters/20 feet and 3 meters/10 feet (commonly 5 meters/15 feet) for three to five minutes Before starting my ascent, I should check my dive computer to be sure I'm within its limits. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True To start my ascent, I should ________ ✔Ans✔ swim up gently When I'm ascending, I should ascend ________ ✔Ans✔ slowly - no slower than 18 meter/ feet per minute I'm ascending from a dive during which I'm wearing a wet suit. My buoyancy will ________ as I ascend, unless I adjust it with my BCD. ✔Ans✔ increase

To control my buoyancy while ascending, I should ________ ✔Ans✔ vent my BCD in small amounts frequently I would never find it necessary to ascend without a reference. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False You may have to ascend away from a planned reference due to losing direction or to handle an emergency or problem. A safety stop is between ________ and ________ for three to five minutes. ✔Ans✔ 6m/20ft, 3m/10ft When I reach the surface, the first thing I do is ________ ✔Ans✔ inflate my BCD Skin suits (body suits) ✔Ans✔ wear them in comfortably warm water to protect you from minor cuts, scrapes, stings and sunburn I wear an exposure suit while diving for ________ ✔Ans✔ protection and warmth Which type of exposure suit requires a snug fit, without which water would carry away heat or it would be uncomfortable? ✔Ans✔ wet suit Which type of exposure suit requires special training? ✔Ans✔ dry suit A hood is important when diving in water cooler than approximately 70 degrees. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True

It's a hot, sunny day but my buddy and I are diving in water that is 70 degrees. I'm diving in a dry suit and my buddy is diving in a full wet suit. Both of us will wear hoods. In this situation ________ is likely an issue we need to avoid before the dive. ✔Ans✔ overheating Dive knife ✔Ans✔ stainless steel or titanium knife, usually with a sharp cutting edge and a serrated (sawing) edge Dive tool ✔Ans✔ generally a dive knife with the sharp tip replaced with a prying tool Shears ✔Ans✔ suited to cutting fishing line and net Z-knives ✔Ans✔ Hooks with a blade specifically for cutting fishing line or net. They let you cut quickly, and their shape reduces the risk of accidentally cutting yourself or your equipment The primary reason I carry a cutting tool is to defend myself against sharks and other aquatic animals. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False You carry a cutting tool for safety and convenience Which cutting tool is a bladed hook for cutting fishing line or net? ✔Ans✔ z-knife I should wear at least my cutting tool ________ ✔Ans✔ where either of my hands can reach it I need a dive gear bag to carry my equipment in a bag specifically designed to survive the stresses of diving. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True

When choosing a gear bag, I should choose one ________ for the gear I have. ✔Ans✔ slightly larger than what I need Compass ✔Ans✔ provides a navigational reference to help you follow a course and find your way back to your exit Thermometer ✔Ans✔ help you determine how much exposure protection you need If I am using dive tables instead of a dive computer, I will need a dive timer and depth gauge. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True It's a sunny day and I'm on a boat with no shade. It would be a good idea to cover my gear, including instruments, with a towel. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Snorkel Clearing ✔Ans✔ blow the water out forcefully, like using a pea-shooter (blast method) Popular dive environments include ________ ✔Ans✔ coral reefs, temperate water oceans, lakes and reservoirs, rivers, springs, flooded quarries and human-made dive environments Six general conditions that effect you during a dive are ________ ✔Ans✔ temperature, visibility, water movement, bottom composition, aquatic life and sunlight Visibility ranges from ________ to ________ ✔Ans✔ 0 to more than 200 feet

Silt/mud ✔Ans✔ clay, fine organic/inorganic material or mud Sand ✔Ans✔ larger, coarser particles Rock ✔Ans✔ gravel and larger rock Coral ✔Ans✔ living and dead coral in tropical water Vegetation ✔Ans✔ various plants and algae found in both fresh and salt water I can enjoy diving in many different aquatic environments that include coral reefs, flooded quarries and human-made dive environments. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True In most (but not all) environments, as I go deeper the water gets ________ ✔Ans✔ colder Although somewhat subjective, I measure visibility as how far I can see ________ underwater ✔Ans✔ horizontally Particles made of fine material affect visibility by ________ ✔Ans✔ remaining suspended for long periods When diving in reduced visibility, it's a good idea to descend and ascend with a reference. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True

When diving in clear water, I don't have to worry as much about staying close to my buddy. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False In clear water, you may get too far from your buddy because you can still see each other. As a rule of thumb, stay within two seconds of each other. The two types of water motion that most affect me as a diver are waves and current. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True When diving in a mild current, normally I want to begin my dive ________ the current. ✔Ans✔ headed into If I were caught in a current and carried downstream past my planned exit, I should swim ________ the current. ✔Ans✔ across Due to a problem, my buddy and I had to surface away from the boat. There is a current, so we swam across it to reach the line trailed from the boat, but the current pushed us too quickly. To avoid overexertion, we should ________ ✔Ans✔ establish positive buoyancy, signal the boat to pick us up and remain calm When I'm diving, I want to avoid bottom contact because ________ ✔Ans✔ - it helps keep the water clearer

• there may be some hazard of cuts, scrapes or stings
• fragile aquatic life could be damaged The most common injury divers suffer may be ________ ✔Ans✔ sunburn

Within a recreation depth range, very distinct temperature changes are most common in ________ water environments. ✔Ans✔ fresh Assess the dive conditions at a site based on ________ ✔Ans✔ weather, season, water motion, water appearance, reports online and from other divers, dives made at similar sites in the area I learn to assess dive conditions by reading dive magazines and online sources about diving. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False You learn to assess dive conditions based on what other divers and your instructor show you, and based on experience diving and continuing your education If any aspect of a dive, including my assessment of the environment, causes me significant concern and/or anxiety, I should ________ ✔Ans✔ determine how to handle the concern, or not dive Local orientations are important for safety and for ________ ✔Ans✔ making my dives more enjoyable "Diving within my limits" simply means diving within my limits of my ________ ✔Ans✔ training, experience, and comfort One way exceeding my limits can increase my risk is by exposing me to hazards that I'm not prepared to handle or may not even recognize until it's too late. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True Diving with an experienced diver and gaining dive experience are two ways to generally expanded my limits, but they don't replace training for activities that require training. a. True

b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True While planning a dive, my buddy (who is not an instructor) suggests that we dive significantly deeper than I have either training or experience with. My best response is to ________ ✔Ans✔ politely say "no" and purpose a depth limit appropriate for my limits Those that sting and/or puncture make up the largest group, which include ________ ✔Ans✔ jellyfish, portuguese man-o-war, lion fish and scorpion fish, stingrays, sea urchins, cone shells, fire coral and other hydroids, and sea nettles Aquatic organisms that bite include, but are not limited to ________ ✔Ans✔ moray eels, trigger fish, crocodilians, some sharks (not all), barracuda and other fish, snakes (venomous bite), octopuses (a few species have a venomous bite), clawed lobsters/crab (pinchers, not a true bite) The type of interaction I should generally have with aquatic life is ________ ✔Ans✔ passive Potentially hazardous aquatic animals are, broadly, those that ________ and those that ________ ✔Ans✔ sting/puncture and bite Nearly all injuries from aquatic life result from ________ ✔Ans✔ human carelessness I should be familiar with potentially hazardous organisms that may be in the local environment, where I would find them and how they could harm me. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True I can learn more about handling aquatic life injuries (and other emergencies) in the PADI Rescue Diver and Emergency First Response Primary Care (CPR) and Secondary Care (First Aid) courses. a. True

b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True While underwater near a kelp forest, my buddy and I see a large shark approach. We should ________ ✔Ans✔ remain calm, near the bottom and watch it Laws and regulations about aquatic life exist to preserve and protect organisms, and also for human safety. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True One potential hazard of some plants and kelp is ________ ✔Ans✔ entanglement Project AWARE involves me and other divers as part of a movement to help keep our clean and full of healthy, abundant marine life. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True When wading into water while shore diving, the general procedure is to put my fins on in water about knee deep, then walk backward until I can swim. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False The general procedure is to wade until your BCD can support you - about chest deep - then put your fins on. ________ and ________ generally determine the best way to wade in and out or how soon I put my fins on. ✔Ans✔ bottom composition and aquatic life When shore diving, I always have long surface swim before descending and after descending. a. True

b. False ✔Ans✔ b. False How far you swim before descending and/or after descending varies with the dive site Surge ✔Ans✔ Back-and-forth motion caused by waves passing overhead. The bigger the waves, the stronger the surge and the deeper it affects you. Rip currents ✔Ans✔ result when waves push water over a long obstruction (such as a reef or sandbar) Upwelling ✔Ans✔ wind blowing from shore can push surface water away, causing cooler, deeper water to rise toward the surface to replace it Tides ✔Ans✔ result from the moon and sun's gravity pulling on the water of the oceans My buddy and I are assessing conditions for a shore dive. The waves are breaking when they are about 1 meter/3 feet tall. About how deep is the water where they break? ✔Ans✔ 1 meter/ 3 feet Diving in moderate to large surf requires special training. Diving in large and rough surf can be hazardous. a. True b. False ✔Ans✔ a. True My buddy and I experience mild surge after entering the water. We may be able to adjust for this by diving ________ ✔Ans✔ deeper While assessing conditions, my buddy and I note that there are waves approaching shore from an angle. Our dive plan should account for having ________ ✔Ans✔ a current that moves us parallel to shore